scholarly journals Effect of non-invasive brain stimulation on lower limb function in patients after stroke: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-508
Author(s):  
Xueyi Ni ◽  
Liru Cui ◽  
Ruixia Bi ◽  
Jinghua Qian
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Lower Limb Function

Background: In recent years, it is reported that non-invasive brain stimulation [including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)] could improve lower limb function in patients after stroke. However, some studies showed no effect. In the present study, we aimed to make a meta-analysis to assess effect of non-invasive brain stimulation on lower limb function in patients after stroke. Methods: Studies exploring the effect of tDCS or rTMS on lower limb function in patients after stroke were searched on the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline, Google Scholar before March 2021. Meta-analysis was made to summarize results of these studies. Results: The present study showed significantly better walking speed, mobility and muscle strength increase effect in tDCS group compared to sham tDCS group [walking speed: standard mean difference (SMD) = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.48 to 1.80, I2 = 74.0%, p value for Q test < 0.001; mobility: SMD = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.21 to 1.36, I2 = 53.8%, p value for Q test = 0.043; muscle strength: SMD = 2.79, 95% CI = 0.61 to 4.98, I2 = 93.9%, p value for Q test < 0.001]. In addition, meta-analysis showed significantly better walking speed, balance and motor function increase effect in rTMS group compared to sham rTMS group [walking speed: SMD = 3.31, 95% CI = 1.38 to 5.24, I2 = 92.1%, p value for Q test < 0.001; balance: SMD = 3.54, 95% CI = 1.45 to 5.63, I2 = 95.4%, p value for Q test < 0.001; motor function: SMD = 1.65, 95% CI = 0.53 to 2.76, I2 = 90.3%, p value for Q test < 0.001]. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested that non-invasive brain stimulation improved lower limb function in patients after stroke. More large scale, blinded RCTs were necessary to confirm the effect of rTMS and tDCS on lower limb function in patients after stroke.

Effect of Walking Speed on Angular Stiffness and Roll-Over Shape of the Intact and Prosthetic Feet of Transtibial Amputees

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Roland ◽  
Peter G. Adamczyk ◽  
Michael E. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Plantar Flexor ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Prosthetic Foot ◽  
Material Stiffness ◽  
Prosthetic Feet ◽  
Transtibial Amputees ◽  
Lower Limb Function

The calculated roll-over shape and respective radius of intact and prosthetic feet has been shown to be a useful measure of lower limb function during walking [1–2]. Hansen et al [3] reported that the roll-over radius, R, is constant over a range of speeds for the intact foot-ankle system. It may be assumed that the prosthetic foot R would also be constant with increased walking speed. Similarly, the angular stiffness of prosthetic feet is not likely to change with walking speed, as the material stiffness remains unchanged. However, the effective angular stiffness of the intact ankle may increase with the plantar flexor moment during the stance phase of gait, which typically increases in magnitude with walking speed.

P14.1 Non-invasive cortical stimulation enhances lower limb function in chronic stroke patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. S121
Author(s):  
S. Tanaka ◽  
K. Takeda ◽  
Y. Otaka ◽  
K. Kita ◽  
R. Osu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Cortical Stimulation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Lower Limb Function

Effect of Neuromuscular Training on Proprioception, Balance, Muscle Strength, and Lower Limb Function in Female Team Handball Players

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger Holm ◽  
Merete Aarsland Fosdahl ◽  
Astrid Friis ◽  
May Arna Risberg ◽  
Grethe Myklebust ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Neuromuscular Training ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Team Handball ◽  
Lower Limb Function

scholarly journals Muscle Functions and Functional Performance among Older Persons with and without Low Back Pain

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Azizah Ishak ◽  
Zarina Zahari ◽  
Maria Justine
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Back Muscle ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Back Muscle Strength ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Lower Limb Function ◽  
Muscle Functions

This study aims to compare muscle functions and functional performances between older persons with and without low back pain (LBP) and to determine the association between muscle functions and functional performances. This is a cross-sectional study, involving 95 older persons (age =70.27±7.26years). Anthropometric characteristics, muscle functions, and functional performances were measured. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple linear regression. The functional performances showed no significant differences (females LBP versus non-LBP, males LBP versus non-LBP) (p<0.05). For muscle functions, significant differences were found (females LBP versus non-LBP) for abdominal muscle strength (p=0.006) and back muscle strength (p=0.07). In the LBP group, significant correlations were found between back and abdominal muscle strength and hand grip strength (r=0.377andr=0.396, resp.), multifidus control and lower limb function (r=0.363) in females, and back muscle strength and lower limb function (r=0.393) in males (allp<0.05). Regression analysis showed that abdominal and back muscle strengths were significant predictors of hand grip strength (p=0.041andp=0.049, resp.), and multifidus control was a significant predictor of lower limb function in females (p=0.047). This study demonstrates that older women with LBP exhibit poorer muscle functions compared to older women without LBP.

THE ASSOCIATION OF APOE Ε4 STATUS WITH LOWER LIMB FUNCTION AND HANDGRIP STRENGTH IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
M. Maltais ◽  
P. de Souto Barreto ◽  
Y. Rolland ◽  
B. Vellas
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Lower Limb Function

Background/Objectives: Apolipoprotein (ApoE ε4) status has been associated with various cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer’s Disease. Some studies have found a possible relationship between the presence of an ApoE ε4 allele and the decrease of motor function in healthy older adults. The objective of this study was to measure the cross-sectional and prospective associations of ApoE ε4 status with lower limb function and handgrip strength in older adults. Design: Longitudinal observational study using data from a randomized controlled trial.Setting: Community-dwelling older adults. Participants: 1300 older adults (≥70 years old) with ApoE ε4 status from the Multidomain Alzheimer’s Preventive Trial (MAPT) were followed for three years. Measurements: Lower-limb function was measured with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and muscle strength was measured with a handgrip strength dynamometer. ApoE ε4 status was assessed with a blood draw. Mixed-effect linear regressions were used to examine cross-sectional as well as prospective associations between ApoE ε4 status and the outcomes. Results: No significant cross-sectional or prospective associations were found between ApoE ε4 status, lower-limb function and handgrip strength in our study. Conclusions: ApoE ε4 status was not associated with motor function in older adults.

Effects of mirror therapy on walking ability, balance and lower limb motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Li ◽  
Qingchuan Wei ◽  
Wei Gou ◽  
Chengqi He
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Motor Recovery ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Balance Function ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Lower Limb Function

Objective: To investigate the effects of mirror therapy on walking ability, balance and lower limb motor recovery in patients with stroke. Method: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, PEDro Database, CNKI, VIP, Wan Fang, ClinicalTrials.gov, Current controlled trials and Open Grey were searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of mirror therapy on lower limb function through January 2018. The primary outcomes included were walking speed, mobility and balance function. Secondary outcomes included lower limb motor recovery, spasticity and range of motion. Quality assessments were performed with the PEDro scale. Results: A total of 13 studies ( n = 572) met the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis demonstrated a significant effect of mirror therapy on walking speed (mean difference (MD) 0.1 m/s, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08 to 0.12, P < 0.00001), balance function (standard mean difference (SMD) 0.66, 95% CI: 0.43 to 0.88, P < 0.00001), lower limb motor recovery (SMD 0.83, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.05, P < 0.00001) and passive range of motion of ankle dorsiflexion (MD 2.07°, 95% CI: 082 to 3.32, P = 0.001), without improving mobility (SMD 0.43, 95% CI: −0.12 to 0.98, P = 0.12) or spasticity of ankle muscles (MD −0.14, 95% CI: −0.43 to 0.15, P = 0.35). Conclusion: The systematic review demonstrates that the use of mirror therapy in addition to some form of rehabilitation appears promising for some areas of lower limb function, but there is not enough evidence yet to suggest when and how to approach this therapy.

scholarly journals The Effects of Virtual Reality Training on Function in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Suk Lee ◽  
Yoo Junk Park ◽  
Sun Wook Park
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Vr Training ◽  
Lower Limb Function

Objective. The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to examine whether virtual reality (VR) training is effective for lower limb function as well as upper limb and overall function in chronic stroke patients. Methods. Three databases, OVID, PubMed, and EMBASE, were used to collect articles. The search terms used were “cerebrovascular accident (CVA),” “stroke”, and “virtual reality”. Consequently, twenty-one studies were selected in the second screening of meta-analyses. The PEDro scale was used to assess the quality of the selected studies. Results. The total effect size for VR rehabilitation programs was 0.440. The effect size for upper limb function was 0.431, for lower limb function it was 0.424, and for overall function it was 0.545. The effects of VR programs on specific outcomes were most effective for improving muscle tension, followed by muscle strength, activities of daily living (ADL), joint range of motion, gait, balance, and kinematics. Conclusion. The VR training was effective in improving the function in chronic stroke patients, corresponding to a moderate effect size. Moreover, VR training showed a similar effect for improving lower limb function as it did for upper limb function.

scholarly journals The Effect of Two Weeks Physiotherapy on Lower Limb Function and Pain after Lower Limb Amputation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadas Pundinas ◽  
Saulė Sipavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Lower Limb Amputation ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Lower Limb Function

Research background. Rehabilitation after amputation is very important, during which the patient receives help, and preparation for prosthetics is underway. During the prosthetic rehabilitation phase, the patient is adapted to use and control the prosthesis. Therefore it is relevant to determine the effect of physiotherapy on limb function and pain. The aim. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of two weeks’ physiotherapy on lower limb function and pain after lower limb amputation. Methods. The criteria for selection of patients were the primary stage of rehabilitation after lower limb amputation, age more than 18 years. Patients were evaluated before and after the rehabilitation. The evaluated parameters were pain, using visual pain scale (score), muscle strength of the amputated limb using Lovett score system, the range of motion of the joint above the amputated region using a goniometer, functional independence of patients using the functional independence test and in order to fnd out how the patient feels, the self-assessment scale was applied. Results. After the research, limb pain decreased, muscle strength and range of motion improved. The results were statistically signifcant (p < 0.05). Conclusion. After two weeks of physiotherapy, the muscle strength of the amputated limb and the range of motion of the joint movement increased, pain was reduced.Keywords: limb amputation, pain, function, strength, amplitudes.

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