scholarly journals Evaluation of 40 hemifacial spasm patients with MR angiography of the brain and vertebral artery dominance in the etiology of hemifacial spasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-543
Author(s):  
Buket Tugan Yildiz ◽  
Deniz Tuncel Berktas ◽  
Nursel Yurttutan ◽  
Aysegül Erdogan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Small Study Population ◽  
And Control

Objectives: Hemifacial spasm is characterised by involuntary, rhythmic, tonic or clonic contractions originating from the facial nerve and occurring intermittently in unilateral facial muscles. The most commonly reported cause of hemifacial spasm is the compression of the facial nerve at its root exit/ entry zone by an ectatic or aberrant blood vessel, leading to local demyelination. In this study, we compared magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) findings from patients with hemifacial spasm and controls to determine whether vertebral artery dominance is part of the aetiology of this condition. Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted with data from 40 patients with hemifacial spasm who received botulinum toxin injections and for whom MRA findings were accessible, and 42 patients of similar age and sex who presented with symptoms of nonspecific headache in the outpatient neurology clinic. Magnetic resonance imaging and unenhanced time-of-flight MRA examinations from the study and control groups were evaluated. Results: A dominant vertebral artery was present in 52.2% of patients in the hemifacial spasm group and 33.3% of those in the control group, but this difference was not significant (p = 0.079). Conclusions: The lack of significant results supporting our hypothesis may be attributable to the small study population. Further studies with larger groups are warranted.

scholarly journals MAGNETIC RESONANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEUROVASCULAR RELATIONSHIP AS A PROBABLE PREDICTOR OF TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-236
Author(s):  
A. V. Bakunovich ◽  
V. E. Sinitsyn ◽  
E. A. Mershina
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Posterior Cranial Fossa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
And Control ◽  
Symptomatic Side

Objective.To validate MR-criteria used for diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia (TN).Material and methods.Study population consisted of 133 patients: with trigeminal neuralgia (86, surgically (56) and clinically (30) verified; 55 ± 11 years) and control group (47; 51 ± 16 years). The data were obtained using the FIESTA sequence (slice thickness 0.5 mm) on 3T and 1.5T (Discovery 750w and Optima 450w, General Electric).Results.The diameters of the adjacent vessels on the symptomatic side were significantly bigger than the diameters on the asymptomatic side in patients with neuralgia (medians 1.2 and 1 mm, p<0.001). The shortest distances between nerves and vessels on the symptomatic side were significantly smaller than the distances on the asymptomatic side (medians 0 and 1.6 mm, p<0.001). The distances between points of closest neurovascular contact and pons on the symptomatic side were significantly smaller in comparison with the controls (medians 2.7 and 5.3 mm, p<0.001); the distances between the symptomatic and asymptomatic side were not statistically different (medians 2.7 and 3.9 mm, p=0.09) in this parameter. The lengths of closest neurovascular contact was bigger in patient with TN (medians 3 and 0 mm, p<0.05), as well as in comparison with the asymptomatic side (medians 3 and 0 mm, p<0.0001).Conclusion.Noninvasive MR-measurements of the posterior cranial fossa vessels show the differences between the symptomatic and asymptomatic side in the patients with TN as well as healthy individuals. This result may be used as a predictor of TN.

scholarly journals Neonatal and maternal outcome in term primigravida with isolated oligohydramnios

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Shelly Agarwal ◽  
Samta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Exclusion Criterion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Vertex Presentation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcome in term primigravida with isolated oligohydramnios.Methods: A retrospective, case–control study was carried out in the department of OBG, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida from November 2014 to October 2017. The study population comprised of low-risk primigravida with singleton, term pregnancy, with vertex presentation and intact membranes.  After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criterion, the study population was divided into cases (n = 51) and control group (176) and the results were analyzed in reference to rate of induction of labour, C. Section rate and the perinatal outcome.Results: Isolated oligohydramnios is associated with increased rate of induction of labour and increased operative interference, but perinatal outcome in terms of mean birth weight, Apgar score at 5 min and NICU admissions for over 24 hours, are not statistically significant in comparison with control group.Conclusions: Isolated oligohydramnios is not an indicator of adverse perinatal outcome. 

scholarly journals Characterization of the position of the extraocular muscles and orbit in acquired esotropia both at distance and near using orbital magnetic resonance imaging

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248497
Author(s):  
Manami Kawai ◽  
Toshiaki Goseki ◽  
Hitoshi Ishikawa ◽  
Sonoko Tatsui ◽  
Hongyang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lateral Rectus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Superior Rectus ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Control

PurposeAge-related distance esotropia (ARDE) involves acquired esotropia at distance and phoria at near. However, distance-independent esotropia (DIE) exists esotropia both at distance and near. Thus, we examined the orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for DIE to assess differences in its characteristics.MethodsThis study was a retrospective case-control study. We evaluated the efficacy of the standard coronal MRI in patients with acquired esotropia and control patients with optic neuritis. Cases with strabismus in the control group were excluded. DIE was defined as having esotropia both at distance and near, and an angle of more than 10 prism diopters at near. The condition of the lateral rectus-superior rectus band, position of rectus muscles, and the volume ratio of the globe to the whole orbit (G/WO) were examined.ResultsThe DIE group consisted of 12 eyes of 6 patients (77.3±7.7 years); ARDE group, 38 eyes of 19 patients (73.1±6.8 years); and control group, 34 eyes of 17 patients (70.9±4.3 years). The ratio of abnormality of the lateral rectus-superior rectus bands was higher in the DIE and ARDE groups than in the control group (p<0.01). The vertical angle of the lateral rectus deviated downwards in the control (-7.5±5.1°), ARDE (-12.2±9.1°), and DIE groups (-18.8±5.7°) (p<0.05). The tilting angle of the lateral rectus was tilted temporally in the control (-12.2±9.1°), ARDE (-20.0±8.6°) and DIE groups (-28.6±5.4°) (p<0.01). G/WO was higher in the DIE (0.28±0.01) and ARDE groups (0.27±0.02) compared to the control (0.25±0.03) group (p<0.01).ConclusionIn comparison with the ARDE and control groups, the DIE group presented with abnormalities of the lateral rectus-superior rectus band, malposition of the lateral rectus, and differences in the G/WO. The DIE group showed a more severe form of ARDE.

scholarly journals UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP KADER DALAM PENCEGAHAN PEMBERIAN MAKANAN PRALAKTAL PADA BAYI 0-3 HARI

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Iis Ria Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
And Control

Infant Mortality in Bengkulu Province is still high, this can be prevented through breastfeeding as a staple food in infants 0-6 months without other complementary foods because breast milk boosts immune status for infants and thus can reduce mobility and mortality rates but exclusive ASI coverage still low, this is influenced by pralactal feeding in infants 0-3 days of birth. Research Objective to increase knowledge and attitude of cadre through training as promotion effort of prevention of pralactal food in 0-3 days old baby. Quasi pre and post test experiments with comparison groups. The study population were all cadres in Talang Tinggi Public Health Center, which were 50 people in Talang Tinggi Public Health Center, Seluma District with experimental group samples were cadres who were given training by using module and control group were cadres who were trained by using lecture and question and answer method. There is an average difference of attitude and knowledge before and after intervention in the cadres given training on prevention of pralactal food in infants 0-3 days. There is an effect of training on prevention efforts of pralactal feeding using modules with cadre attitude. Puskesmas should increase the promotion of prevention of pralactal food to change cadre attitude to support program exclusive breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Constipation: an overlooked, unmanaged symptom of patients with pheochromocytoma and sympathetic paraganglioma

2015 ◽  
Vol 173 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali Thosani ◽  
Montserrat Ayala-Ramirez ◽  
Alejandro Román-González ◽  
Shouhao Zhou ◽  
Nirav Thosani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Md Anderson ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sympathetic Paraganglioma

ObjectivePheochromocytomas (PHs) and sympathetic paragangliomas (PGs) are tumors that produce catecholamines, predisposing patients to cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal effects such as constipation. Objectives: i) determine the prevalence of constipation, its risk factors, and its impact on survival; ii) identify whether a systematic combination of fiber, water, and laxatives was effective for treatment of constipation.Design and methodsWe retrospectively studied 396 patients with PH/PG diagnosed in 2005–2014. The study population was patients with constipation as a presenting symptom; the control group was patients without constipation as a presenting symptom. The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory was used to assess constipation and quality of life.ResultsTwenty-three patients (6%) had constipation. Constipation was associated with headaches, palpitations, diaphoresis, weight loss, and excessive noradrenaline production (P<0.0001). Eighteen of these patients had non-metastatic primary tumors larger than 5 cm and/or extensive metastases. No statistically significant differences in age, sex, and genotype were noted between the study and control groups. In patients without metastases, resection of the primary tumor led to symptom disappearance. A systematic combination of fiber, water, and laxatives was associated with symptom improvement. Two patients who presented unmanaged constipation died because of sepsis from toxic megacolon.ConclusionsConstipation is a rare and potentially lethal complication in patients with PH/PGs. Severe constipation can be prevented by recognizing and treating mild symptoms.

“Macrovascular” Decompression of Dolichoectatic Vertebral Artery Causing Hemifacial Spasm Using Goretex Sling: 2-Dimensional Operative Video

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan A Munich ◽  
Jacques J Morcos
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Microvascular Decompression ◽  
Orbicularis Oculi ◽  
Entry Zone ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Root Entry Zone ◽  
Offending Artery ◽  
Key Steps

Abstract Hemifacial spasm is characterized by painless and involuntary spasms of the muscles supplied by the facial nerve, most commonly involving the orbicularis oculi. The most common cause of hemifacial spasm is compression of the facial nerve's root by the anterior inferior, or posterior inferior, cerebellar arteries (AICA or PICA). However, in &lt;1% of cases, the compression can be due to a dolichoectatic vertebral artery. Microvascular decompression using Teflon patties may be sufficient when the offending artery is small (eg, AICA or PICA). However, the size and tortuosity of the vertebral artery (especially one that is dolichoectatic) may require a more robust means of decompression (ie, “macrovascular decompression”).  In this operative video we demonstrate our technique for managing a patient with hemifacial spasm due to a dolicoectatic vertebral artery. We use a Goretex® (W.L. Gore & Associates Inc, Newark, Delaware) sling secured to the dura of the posterior petrous ridge to suspend the vertebral and posterior inferior cerebellar arteries, thereby decompressing the root entry zone of the facial nerve. Teflon felt pieces are added as a second layer of security. Key steps to this technique include: (1) visualization of the root entry zone, (2) extensive arachnoid dissection to allow adequate mobilization of the vertebral artery, 12 and (3) securing the sling in a trajectory that prevents kinking of the vertebral artery and its branches.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effectiveness of Animal Therapy on Alleviation of Anxiety in Pre-School Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tahan
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Animal Therapy ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Anxiety Screening ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of animal therapy in alleviation of anxiety in pre-school children.Method: The study was carried out as a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design and control group. The study population consisted of 33 anxious 5-7years old children (participated in a welfare anxiety screening plan held by Counseling Center, Tehran-Iran) between 2018 and 2019. The participants took part in the study voluntarily.The subjects were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (10 in each group). The experimental group was exposed to 8 sessions of animal therapy. The research instrument was Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale (Parent Form) and the data were analyzed on SPSS 21 software.Results: The results showed that animal therapy had a significant effect on general anxiety score after adjusting for post-test scores (f= 32.49 and p= 0.001) with the effect equal to 0.70. In addition, the effect of animal therapy on anxiety of separation (f= 5.63, p= 0.03), generalized anxiety disorder (f= 8.56, p= 0.01), social phobia (f= 14.58, p= 0.002) and specific anxiety (f= 11.63, p= 0.005) was significant with effects equal to 0.30, 0.40, 0.53, and 0.47, respectively. The results also showed that the effect of animal therapy on obsession was not significant (p&gt;0.05).Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that Animal therapy is effective in alleviating anxiety in children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document