scholarly journals Assessment of Biosecurity Measures and Distribution of Daily Live Bird ‎Markets in Four North-Western States of Nigeria ‎

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
S. A. Hassan ◽  
B. V. Maikai ◽  
J. Kabir ◽  
M. B. Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Live Bird Markets ◽  
Esherichia Coli ◽  
Biosecurity Practices ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
North Western ◽  
Live Bird

Maintenance of strict biosecurity measures is essential in preventing disease spread from Live Bird Markets (LBMs) which serve as a major intermingling area for poultry from different sources. This study assessed the Biosecurity measures and spatial distribution of daily Live Bird Markets of four North-western States in Nigeria. Closed ended questionnaires were administered in 35 daily LBMs in Kaduna, Kano, Katsina and Zamfara states and identification of disinfectants used in the LBMs were noted. Swab samples of birds’ cages in the LBMs were taken for E. coli isolation. The live bird managers and marketers were all male (100%) across all the four states. Only 6(17%) out of the 35 LBMs had high biosecurity level, 69% had a moderate biosecurity level and 5(14%) were graded as low. Of the 400 Live bird marketers administered questionnaires, only 71 (18%) employ good biosecurity practices and 305(76%) were graded as fair and remaining 24(6%) as poor. Majority of the LBMs were located within human settlements without any form of barrier. There were seven main types of disinfectants identified across the all LBMs. Esherichia coli was isolated from 1(17%) LBM among the 6(17%) LBMs that were identified to have and use disinfectant. From the remaining 29(83%) LBMs, E.coli was isolated from only 5(17%) despite lacking in use of disinfectant by these LBMs. Live bird marketers should be educated on the need to adhere to biosecurity measures and practices.

scholarly journals Biosecurity and Antimicrobial Use Practices in Live Bird Markets Within Abeokuta Metropolis, Southwest, Nigeria: A Preliminary Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwawemimo Adebowale ◽  
Motunrayo Makanjuola ◽  
Noah Bankole ◽  
Olanike Adeyemo ◽  
Ayomikun Awoseyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Live Bird Markets ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Biosecurity Practices ◽  
Live Bird

Abstract The development of an antimicrobial stewardship plan (AMSP) for live bird sellers (LBS) requires an understanding of the current biosecurity status, antimicrobial use (AMU) and the practices involved in live bird selling (e.g., drivers, sellers, etc.) which is a direct source of poultry meat for human consumption. Seven Live Bird Markets (LBMs) within Abeokuta, Ogun State were surveyed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data on LBMs characteristics, LBS demographics, biosecurity, and AMU practices, awareness on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), as well as preferred channels of information on antimicrobial stewardship were gathered. A total of 40 consenting LBS with 82.5% female and 17.5% male participants were included in the study. The participants’ mean age was 45.3 years (SD±11.9, range: 23-70 years). Laying hens, broilers, and cockerels were the main poultry types sold by LBS. Antimicrobials (AMs) were used for growth promotion (57.5%), therapeutic (40.0%), and prophylactic (2.5%) purposes. Tetracycline, metronidazole, and chloramphenicol were the most frequently used AMs. The majority of the participants (90.0%) have treated birds based on their empirical experience, with little or no inputs from veterinarians. Biosecurity and AMU practices were generally low (54.0% and 34.0%, respectively). The contact with veterinarians was associated with satisfactory biosecurity practices (p=0.049). No significant factors were found to be linked with AMU. This study has provided recent evidence-based data on practices in poultry management among LBS in Abeokuta, Ogun state. The findings would be useful for policy decisions and the development of AMSP on prudent AMU among LBS.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from the Workers of Live Bird Markets at Mymensingh, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
S Sarker ◽  
S Talukder ◽  
EH Chowdhury ◽  
PM Das
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Live Bird Markets ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
Live Bird

Context: Identification of bacteria from the workers of live bird markets is important factor for zoonotic aspects and for implementing appropriate control strategies.Objectives: To determine the occurrence of bacteria especially Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli from the workers of live bird markets.Materials and Methods: A total of 40 samples were collected from hand washes (n=20) and nasal swabs (n=20) of the associated workers in urban and suburban live bird markets. Bacteria were isolated in different media, and identification was performed based on the staining, cultural and some biochemical tests. For Salmonella sp., DNA was extracted using a DNA isolation kit and rfbs gene was amplified by using commercial PCR kit.Results: The bacteria such as Salmonella sp. and E. coli were detected in the samples by several microbial tests. The prevalence of Salmonella sp. was 40% and 30%, and E. coli was 70% and 40% in the hand washes and nasal swabs respectively of the workers of urban and periurban live bird markets.Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggest that the appropriate precautions should be taken during and subsequent to the handling of live birds to minimize the risk of zoonotic diseases.Key words: Salmonella; Escherichia coli; live bird markets; isolation and identificationDOI: 10.3329/jbs.v17i0.7121J. bio-sci. 17: 135-138, 2009

Viability of Edwardsiella tarda and Esherichia coli preserved with glycerol-tryptone soy broth (TSB) kept at freezing temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Abdur Rohman ◽  
Frans Ijong ◽  
I K Suwetja
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Edwardsiella Tarda ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Esherichia Coli ◽  
Escherchia Coli

Preservation of bacteria carried out in relation to the collection and preservation of germ plasm microbe is useful for research and development or for the establishment of diagnostic tools. Glycerol is a good preservation media but it is not known what doses should be used for effective preservation.  This research used two experimental  methods consisting of 2 factors and 3 treatments. This study aimed to find the best glycerol concentration that can be used to preserve Edwarsiella tarda and Escherchia coli in the -20ºC environment, to understand the viability of bacteria after being preserved and to describe the characteristics of the preserved bacteria. Treatments applied were 10%, 15% and 20%  glycerol in TSB. Viability of the bacteria was analyzed after 7, 14, 28, 35, and 42 days of preservation. Results showed that E.coli bacteria preserved in 15%  glycerol had the highest viability, i.e. 84% and preserved in 10% glycerol had the lowest viability, i.e. 80%. But for E. tarda bacteria preserved in 10% glycerol had the highest viability, i.e. 1.83% and preseved in 15% glycerol had the lowest viability, i.e. 0,55%. Preservasi bakteri dilakukan dalam kaitannya dengan koleksi dan konservasi plasma nutfah mikroba yang berguna untuk penelitian dan pengembangan atau untuk pembentukan alat diagnosa. Gliserol merupakan bahan preservasi yang baik, tetapi belum diketahui dosis yang baik dan efektif untuk preservasi bakteri Edwarsiella tarda dan Escherchia coli pada suhu -20ºC. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan 3 taraf perlakuan, masing-masing perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan, media preservasi yang digunakan adalah TSB dan gliserol dengan konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20%. Parameter yang diukur adalah viabilitas dan kecocokan/penyimpangan karakteristik biokimia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Karantina Ikan Pengendalian Mutu dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan Manado, dari bulan September sampai dengan November 2013. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan konsentrasi gliserol dalam TSB sebagai media preservasi yang efektif dan efisien pada bakteri  Edwarsiella tarda dan Escherchia coli yang dipreservasi dengan suhu -20ºC dan disimpan selama 42  hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan laju pertumbuhan bakteri selama preservasi. Persentase viabilitas  bakteri E. coli yang tertinggi selama preservasi diperoleh dengan penggunaan gliserol konsentrasi 15% dengan jumlah 84% dan yang terendah adalah dengan penggunaan konsentrasi 10% yakni sebesar 80%, sedangkan untuk E. tarda persentase viabilitas  bakteri yang tertinggi selama preservasi diperoleh dengan penggunaan gliserol konsentrasi 10% dengan jumlah 1,83% dan yang terendah adalah dengan penggunaan konsentrasi 15% yakni sebesar 0,55%. Berdasarkan uji statistik analisis variasi (ANAVA) didapat hasil F hitung E. tarda dan E. coli yang lebih besar  dari FTabel dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95 %.

The sectoral and spatial distribution of multilateral aid for human settlements

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 103-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Blitzer ◽  
Jorge E. Hardoy ◽  
David Satterthwaite
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Human Settlements ◽  
Multilateral Aid

Drinking water quality and antibiotic resistance of E. coli and Salmonella spp. from different sources in Gweru urban, Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Tichaona Mugadza ◽  
Sibusisiwe Isabel Nduku ◽  
Edlyn Gweme ◽  
Sherpherd Manhokwe ◽  
Patience Marume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Sources

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus from Backyard Poultry Farms and Live Bird Markets in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene N. Ogali ◽  
Lucy W. Wamuyu ◽  
Jacqueline K. Lichoti ◽  
Erick O. Mungube ◽  
Bernard Agwanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Cleavage Site ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Protein Cleavage ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Live Bird Markets ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Live Bird

Newcastle disease (ND) is a serious disease of poultry that causes significant economic losses. Despite rampant ND outbreaks that occur annually in Kenya, the information about the NDV circulating in Kenya is still scarce. We report the first countrywide study of NDV in Kenya. Our study is aimed at evaluating the genetic characteristics of Newcastle disease viruses obtained from backyard poultry in farms and live bird markets in different regions of Kenya. We sequenced and analyzed fusion (F) protein gene, including the cleavage site, of the obtained viruses. We aligned and compared study sequences with representative NDV of different genotypes from GenBank. The fusion protein cleavage site of all the study sequences had the motif 112RRQKRFV118 indicating their velogenic nature. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the NDV from various sites in Kenya was highly similar genetically and that it clustered together with NDV of genotype V. The study samples were 96% similar to previous Ugandan and Kenyan viruses grouped in subgenotype Vd This study points to possible circulation of NDV of similar genetic characteristics between backyard poultry farms and live bird markets in Kenya. The study also suggests the possible spread of velogenic NDV between Kenya and Uganda possibly through cross-border live bird trade. Our study provides baseline information on the genetic characteristics of NDV circulating in the Kenyan poultry population. This highlights the need for the ND control programmes to place more stringent measures on cross-border trade of live bird markets and poultry products to prevent the introduction of new strains of NDV that would otherwise be more difficult to control.

scholarly journals Escherichiacoli DERIVED FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES SHARE ANTIGENIC CHARACTERISTICS WITH Shigellaboydii 18AND VIRULENCE FACTORS WITH ENTEROTOXIGENIC E. coli

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 629-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Navarro ◽  
◽  
CarlosA. Eslava-Campos ◽  
Enrique Melendez-Herrada ◽  
Alejandro Cravioto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Sources
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document