Drinking water quality and antibiotic resistance of E. coli and Salmonella spp. from different sources in Gweru urban, Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Tichaona Mugadza ◽  
Sibusisiwe Isabel Nduku ◽  
Edlyn Gweme ◽  
Sherpherd Manhokwe ◽  
Patience Marume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Sources

scholarly journals E. coli and Coliform Bacteria as Indicators for Drinking Water Quality and Handling of Drinking Water in the Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Ngaire Nicholson ◽  
Klaus Neumann ◽  
Carolyn Dowling ◽  
Subodh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sagarmatha National Park

During the 2016 pre-monsoon dry season, we undertook a systematic study of water quality, specifically fecal contamination of drinking water, in the Khumbu Valley, Sagarmatha National Park (SNP, Mt. Everest region) and SNP buffer zone, Nepal. Our goal was to quantify physical parameters (temperature, pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids), and the presence of fecal coliforms (E. coli and total coliforms) in drinking water and drinking water sources (predominately groundwater-fed springs). This data set will function as a baseline for access to potable water and further monitoring. Sample sites were selected based on primary use as a drinking water and/or drinking water source for each community. In general, there is little correlation between and physical parameters however, there are very weak correlations between total coliform data and increasing temperature, and decreasing elevation and pH. There does, however, appear to be a correlation between population (including tourist numbers) and both E. coli and total coliforms. Our study clearly indicates that the presence of bacterial indicators of fecal pollution during the dry season. Samples from the more populated, lower altitude areas had higher levels of E. coli and coliform bacteria. Importantly, drinking water that was stored in tanks or transported long distances had a much higher incidence of E. coli and total coliforms suggesting that a change in water handling practices might have an important impact on drinking water quality and population health. 

scholarly journals Drinking Water Quality at Academic Institutions of Tangail Municipality

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
M Sultana ◽  
ASM Saifullah ◽  
MB Latif ◽  
SA Mamun ◽  
DS Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Average Lead

An experiment was conducted to explore the drinking water quality at some selected academic institutions of Tangail municipality during the period of August to September, 2012. For this, an investigation was carried out to study the standard water quality parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, Pb, As, Fe and E. coli concentration of the five academic institutions. In general, there were no major differences found in pH, EC and TDS values among the studied stations and not exceeded the recommended thresholds. In case of heavy metal content, very trace amount of Arsenic (0.0071ppm) was recorded from all selected institutions. In contrast, average lead concentration (0.307xppm) was much higher than all acceptable standard limits and most risky position was taken by station-3 (0.46ppm). Similar to Pb, average Fe concentration (0.255ppm) was five times higher than the acceptable value of EU standard but not exceeded BD standard value. All the samples were E.Coli bacteria free.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22074 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 247-252 2013

scholarly journals Community and household determinants of water quality in coastal Ghana

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T. McGarvey ◽  
Justin Buszin ◽  
Holly Reed ◽  
David C. Smith ◽  
Zarah Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Associations between water sources, socio-demographic characteristics and household drinking water quality are described in a representative sample of six coastal districts of Ghana's Central Region. Thirty-six enumeration areas (EAs) were randomly chosen from a representative survey of 90 EAs in rural, semi-urban and urban residence strata. In each EA, 24 households were randomly chosen for water quality sampling and socio-demographic interview. Escherichia coli per 100 ml H2O was quantified using the IDEXX Colilert® system and multi-stage regression models estimated cross-sectional associations between water sources, sanitation and socio-demographic factors. Almost three quarters, 74%, of the households have >2 E. coli /100 ml H2O. Tap water has significantly lower E. coli levels compared with surface or rainwater and well water had the highest levels. Households with a water closet toilet have significantly lower E. coli compared with those using pit latrines or no toilets. Household size is positively associated, and a possessions index is negatively associated, with E. coli. Variations in community and household socio-demographic and behavioural factors are key determinants of drinking water quality. These factors should be included in planning health education associated with investments in water systems.

scholarly journals Drinking water quality and handling practices among women in rural households of Oshimili North Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-266
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Omoladun Oloruntoba ◽  
Donald Uzowulu Olannye
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Water Handling ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Who Guideline

Diarrheal diseases associated with inadequate supply of potable water are the leading causes of mortality among children under five years in developing countries. In Nigeria, women are the water managers in most households. However, there is dearth of information on the effect of women’s handling practices on drinking water quality. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the drinking water quality and handling practices among women in selected rural households in Oshimili North Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria. Paired drinking water samples from available sources and Household Storage Containers (HSC) were assessed for physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters using standard methods. The data obtained were compared with the WHO guideline limits. Water samples with 0, 1-10, 11-50 and > 50 E. coli/100 mL were graded as A, B, C, and D corresponding to excellent, acceptable, unacceptable, and grossly polluted quality, respectively. Pre-tested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents. A 30-point scale was used to assess water handling practices. Handling practice scores greater or equal to mean handling practice score were grouped into good and those less than that were grouped into bad handling practices. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and One-way ANOVA at α = 0.05. The results showed physico-chemical parameters for both sources and households within WHO guideline limits. The mean total coliform counts for all sources and household containers exceeded permissible limits. E. coli  was not detected in harvested rain water while counts for borehole was 10.2 ±2.2 (A) and for stream sources was 44.6±33.3 EC/100 mL (B); drinking water stored in HSC had 36.8±32.3 (A) EC/100 mL, borehole had 62.31±33.2 (C) and stream had 30.00±33.2 (B). Mean handling practice score was 19.4+6.6. Majority (60.0%) practiced some water handling technique. Drinking water from assessed sources was of poor microbial quality and it significantly deteriorated when stored in household storage containers. Therefore, there is a need to improve the microbial quality of drinking water at sources and household level through the supply of simple, acceptable, low-cost treatment methods and hygiene education.

scholarly journals Understanding the costs of investigating coliform and E. coli detections during routine drinking water quality monitoring

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Ellis ◽  
Claire Gowdy ◽  
Natalie Jakomis ◽  
Bernadette Ryan ◽  
Claire Thom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
E Coli

scholarly journals 22 Biological quality of drinking water for dairy cows - A risk oriented evaluation of influencing factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Jason J Hayer ◽  
Benedikt G Schulze Dieckhoff ◽  
Celine Heinemann ◽  
Julia Steinhoff-Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Biofilm Development

Abstract Despite its importance, legal regulations and official guidelines regarding the quality of livestock drinking water are rather unspecific. The study aimed to investigate biological livestock drinking water quality considering influences of risk factors and relations to biofilm development and hygiene status of dairy troughs. On 24 dairy operations in Western Germany, 105 troughs were sampled. Water and biofilm were analyzed for aerobic total viable count (TVC), coliform count (CC), Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases building bacteria (ESBL). 33 possible influences on biological water quality for each trough were either recorded or inquired. The troughs surface was examined with protein- and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-rapid tests for hygiene. A mixed model and Spearman rank correlations (SAS 9.4) were used for estimating the probability of quality impairment in relation to recorded influences. Average TVC in water samples was 4.4 log10 cfu/ml. Coliforms were detectable in 94.3% of all troughs and E. coli in 48.6%. CC seems to be a more sensitive and suitable indicator to check fecal contamination because 16 water samples were positive for CC (>2.0 log10 cfu/ml) but negative for E. coli. MRSA were found in livestock drinking water of a single, and ESBL on three farms, suggesting that troughs might contribute to an exchange of antibiotic resistant bacteria in some dairy farms. Risk factors (P < 0.05) for at least one quality criteria (TVC, CC or E. coli) were water origin, trough type, degree of trough soiling, visible biofilm, ambient temperature and distance to the milking parlor. Water CC (r = 0.46; P < 0.001) and E. coli (r = 0.31; P < 0.01) correlated with their equivalent in biofilm and with hygiene tests on trough surfaces (0.31 >r >0.19; P < 0.05). Biological livestock drinking water quality can be improved by addressing the risk factors and be monitored with hygiene tests.

scholarly journals Water quality and microbial contamination status of groundwater in Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G.Y.L. Mahagamage ◽  
Pavithrani S. Manage ◽  
Pathmalal M. Manage
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sampling Locations

Abstract In Sri Lanka, among 2588 Salmonella positive cases, the highest incidences were recorded from Jaffna peninsula during 2005 to 2013. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the microbiological and chemical contamination status of groundwater (40 well water) sources in Jaffna during November 2016. The total coliform, E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. along with some physico-chemical parameters of groundwater were studied. The results revealed that entire peninsula was contaminated with total coliform and E. coli bacteria and the parameters recorded were not within the WHO and SLS (Sri Lanka Standards) drinking water quality standards. 38% of sampling locations were positive for Salmonella spp. and among them six sampling locations were being used for drinking purposes. The results of the study correlates with the statistics of typhoid cases recorded in Jaffna. Results of the study also revealed that around 80% of wells were not within the values specified in guidelines of the SLS for drinking water quality on electrical conductivity. Further, 15% of wells recorded greater than 10 mgꞏdm–3 nitrate, which is still below the SLS drinking water standards (45 mgꞏdm–3). According to the water quality data, PCA analysis showed that Jaffna town, Nallur, Tellippalai and Kopay DS divisions has similar characteristics for water quality.

EVALUATION ON THE RURAL DRINKING WATER QUALITY IN A CENTRALIZED SUPPLIED AREA OF CHINA

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendong Wang ◽  
Shan Song ◽  
Zixia Qiao ◽  
Qin Yang ◽  
Mengmeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Drinking Water Quality

Drinking-Water Quality and Intestinal Infectious Diseases in a Colombian Department, 2010-2016

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Dora Cardona Rivas ◽  
Militza Yulain Cardona Guzmán ◽  
Olga Lucía Ocampo López
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: To characterize the burden of intestinal infectious diseases attributable to drinking-water quality in 27 municipalities in the central region of Colombia. Materials and methods: A time-trend ecological study. The drinking-water quality of the National Institute of Health and the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies was identified. The disease burden was calculated based on the mortality registered in the National Department of Statistics and the records of morbidity attended by the Social Protection Integrated Information System. The etiological agents reported in morbidity records and the observation of environmental conditions in the municipalities of the study were included. The disease burden was determined according to the methodology recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).

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