“How I Became a Film Director”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tami Williams
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Belle Epoque ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Belle Époque ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Women's Portraits

This chapter explores Germaine Dulac's family background, drawing on personal records, memoirs, and correspondence. Her early upbringing and encounters with certain people, events, and tendencies during France's Belle Époque later impacted Dulac's political and aesthetic views and the many alternatives and choices that shaped her film career. These include the influence of moderate socialism on her views of class, gender, sexuality, and national politics, and the impact of nineteenth-century symbolist and naturalist tendencies on her inventive rhetorical and representational strategies as they contributed to her filmmaking and activism. The chapter examines Dulac's “women's portraits,” as well as her early political activities and nonfiction writings as a pacifist and feminist from 1906 to 1913.

Medicine Goes to the Opera: Vocal Health and Remedies for Professional Singers of the Belle Époque

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Kimberly Francis ◽  
Sofie Lachapelle
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Belle Epoque ◽  
Vocal Health ◽  
Professional Singers ◽  
The World ◽  
Belle Époque ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Many ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In July 1892, Dr. Arthur Chervin (1850–1921), director of the Institut des bègues de Paris, was named physician of the Opéra, thus joining the group of health specialists tasked with the care of artists. A recognized specialist of vocal physiology and speech afflictions, Chervin was also the recent founder and editor of La Voix parlée et chantée, a periodical that straddled the worlds of medicine and lyrical performance. Vocal health and medicine, he and his community argued, were key to the execution of vocal prowess and the successful pursuit of lyrical ambitions for singers. This article explores the relationship of medicine and the burgeoning field of laryngology to the world of lyrical training and performance of the Belle Époque. In particular, we focus on the many roles played by laryngologists and physicians at the Opéra and the Conservatoire as well as in the pages of Chervin’s leading medical-musical journal. We argue that concerns driving the medical innovations of the increasingly sophisticated subfield of laryngology evolved in synergy with concerns about how to meet the demands of the changing world of the second half of nineteenth-century Parisian operatic performance. In so doing, we claim for medicine a key position in Paris’s vibrant world of lyrical performance during the Belle Époque.

‘The Sword of Avenging Justice’: Politics in Sutherland after the Third Reform Act

Rural History ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNIE TINDLEY
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Life ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
The Third ◽  
General Decline ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThere has been much historical debate over the role of aristocratic landed families in local and national politics throughout the nineteenth century, and the impact of the First, Second and Third Reform Acts on that role. Additionally, the period from 1881 in the Scottish Highlands was one of acute political and ideological crisis, as the debate over the reform of the Land Laws took a violent turn, and Highland landowners were forced to address the demands of their small tenants. This article addresses these debates, taking as its case-study the ducal house of Sutherland. The Leveson-Gower family owned almost the whole county of Sutherland and until 1884 dominated political life in the region. This article examines the gradual breakdown of that political power, in line with a more general decline in financial and territorial influence, both in terms of the personal role of the Fourth and Fifth Dukes of Sutherland, and the broader impact of the estate management on the mechanics and expectations of politics in the county.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATIONS OF BYRON IN THE LITERATURE OF BRITISH INDIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-593
Author(s):  
Máire ní Fhlathúin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
East India Company ◽  
British India ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

This essay examines the receptionof Byron's work, and some responses to it, among the poets of the British community in India during the first half of the nineteenth century. The first section sketches some of the routes by which Byron's work and accounts of his life were circulated and read in India and demonstrates the impact of his work on the poets of British India. These poets co-opted Byronic texts into their own writings in the form of epigraphs and other citations and allusions, composed responses to Byron and his work, and imitated the tropes, formats and themes of Byron's poetry. The second section of the essay looks in more detail at selected examples of the many adaptations and imitations of Byron's work that proliferated during this period. In these poems, Byronic models are appropriated by writers whose chosen professions or relationships have the effect of aligning them with the colonial project of the East India Company. They re-imagined the encounter with the romanticized Orient that characterizes many of Byron's works in response to the specific political and cultural contexts of British India in the nineteenth century.

The paradoxes of urbanization: Belgian socialism and society in the belle epoque

Urban History ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 82-96
Author(s):  
Carl Strikwerda
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Belle Epoque ◽  
Belgian Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Western European ◽  
Belle Époque

Although small and consequently often overlooked, Belgium none the less provides historians with an interesting case study for comparing social and economic trends among Western European countries. Belgian society in the nineteenth century was transformed by the same forces as its close neighbours – Britain, France and Germany. Indeed, Belgium was the second country in the world to industrialize and it has long been one of the most heavily urbanized societies as well. Yet urbanization and industrialization affected Belgium in some significantly different ways than they did other Western European countries.

A study for the impact of impressionism period’s coloring, style and mode on fashion designers

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Fatma Ozturk ◽  
Ozlem Berksan
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
View Point ◽  
Belle Epoque ◽  
General Sense ◽  
Cultural Movements ◽  
Belle Époque ◽  
Fashion Designers ◽  
The Impact

Impressionism is a result of scientific and social developments’ influence on art and cultural movements during 1870’s. Impressionism, as being the brand new and the most important development in art during 19th century, has represented the modern painting with a strict separation from former understanding of art. While other art movements of 19th century have been maintained the relations or bore trace from classical understanding, impressionists severed all these ties. Instead of observing the nature in a realistic manner, they used impressions of observing it on art.Fashion in the most general sense, is representing the change. Whereas, fashion has been seen as the synonym of dressing, it involves all the aspects of human life. The Belle Epoque Era (1890-1914) that comprised a coy eroticism in fashion overlaps with the Impressionism period.  It was a period characterized by an extensive freedom, economic growth and scientific development in Europe. New daily sport clothes and expensive night dresses were the source of inspiration in fashion. Trains and cars made it possible to spend time at the outside for everybody and new fashion styles adopted for social activities.This study is intended to analyze Impressionism Period’s impact on fashion designers. The clothes of the period are going to be investigated from the view point of their color, style, models and accessories.  Keywords: Fashion, art, impressionism, belle epoque

THE INVENTION OF AGORAPHOBIA

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Belle Epoque ◽  
American Psychologist ◽  
Belle Époque

THE LAST THREE DECADESof the nineteenth century were phobia'sbelle époque. During this first phase of investigation there was, it must have seemed, no species of terror, however febrile, which could not talk its way immediately into syndrome status. In 1896, in hisPsychology of the Emotions, Théodule Ribot spoke of psychiatry's inundation by a “veritable deluge” of complaints ranging from the relatively commonplace and self-explanatory, such as claustrophobia, to the downright idiosyncratic, such as triakaidekaphobia, or fear of the number 13 (213). Twenty years later, in hisIntroductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud was to respond with similar impatience to the list of phobias drawn up by the American psychologist Stanley Hall. Hall had managed to find 132 (446).

From Grisette to Midinette

Working Girls ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 16-58
Author(s):  
Patricia Tilburg
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Belle Epoque ◽  
Garment Workers ◽  
Small Scale Industry ◽  
Belle Époque

This chapter examines the early nineteenth-century grisette as a literary type, and traces her reappearance on the cultural scene as a figure of nostalgia at the turn of the nineteenth century. By the turn of the century, the grisette of the 1830s and 1840s still regularly appeared throughout French popular culture as a sign of heightened romantic longing for a lost Paris, a France of small-scale industry, sentiment, and elegance. She was frequently conflated with contemporary garment workers, tethering living belle époque workingwomen to a figure of literary wistfulness. Parisian garment workers were repeatedly cast in the mold of a pleasing throwback, a woman at once thoroughly embedded in the modern Parisian landscape and yet, also, out of time, carrying within her the essence and soul of a lost or endangered France. The most popular grisette at the turn of the century was Musset’s Mimi Pinson, who was featured in songs, poems, postcards, ballet, vaudeville shows, short stories, novels, and films. This chapter also develops a physiognomy of the grisette’s belle époque descendant, the midinette, a modernized version of the type, and inheritor of both the grisette’s cultural significance and her limitations. From strike reportage to pulp novels to monuments, the Parisian garment worker found eroticized and socially useful shades of herself promoted around her city and nation in these years, shades which more often than not moved backward in time to the grisette of the 1830s and 1840s.

Theatre Photography in Nineteenth Century France: Document, Archive or Pure Fiction?

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-72
Author(s):  
Arnaud Rykner
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Belle Epoque ◽  
World War ◽  
Nineteenth Century France ◽  
Media Object ◽  
Post Production ◽  
Belle Époque ◽  
Second World ◽  
World Exhibition

"Indoor performance photography, which was born in France on the occasion of the Paris World Exhibition in 1889, remains a problematic theatrical and media object to this day. But at the Belle Epoque and until the Second World War at least, it requires to be approached with all the more caution because it is always the fruit of multiple manipulations, either at the time of the making of the shots (mandatory posing of actors, specific lighting, etc.), or at the time of their “post-production” (printing, but especially edition in review or volume). A complex and particularly rich object that must be studied in its context (publications or archives), stage photography is then offered as much as a document to be deciphered as a fiction to be deconstructed. Keywords: theatre photography, France, Belle Epoque, document, photographic archives. "

Darwin's Bulldog

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-347
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Thomas Henry Huxley ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific Life

Adrian Desmond, Huxley: The Devil’s Disciple . London, Michael Joseph, 1994. Pp. xvii + 475, 38 illustrations, £20. ISBN 0 7181 3641 1 Adrian Desmond has followed up his recent biography of Charles Darwin (written with James Moore) with a lively account of the first part of the life of Darwin’s disciple, and most vigorous defender, Thomas Henry Huxley. The two books tend to have the same merits and the same faults. On the positive side, they contain truly fascinating pictures of the sociology of scientific life during the middle of the nineteenth century, and of the development of the impact on society of these two great but very different figures. They lay perhaps too heavy an emphasis on the contrast between Darwin’s favoured upbringing as son of a highly successful physician, with financial support from his father so that he never had to earn his living, and Huxley’s less well-to-do family background, which burdened him with a fierce and prolonged struggle before he could acquire the plurality of academic scientific appointments necessary at that time for an income large enough to support a family. For the two men ended up after all in rather similar scientific positions.

Hydrogen Cyanide Polymers from the Impact of Comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Clifford N. Matthews ◽  
Rose A. Pesce-Rodriguez ◽  
Shirley A. Liebman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Heterogeneous Solids ◽  
The Many ◽  
Comet Halley ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

AbstractHydrogen cyanide polymers – heterogeneous solids ranging in color from yellow to orange to brown to black – may be among the organic macromolecules most readily formed within the Solar System. The non-volatile black crust of comet Halley, for example, as well as the extensive orangebrown streaks in the atmosphere of Jupiter, might consist largely of such polymers synthesized from HCN formed by photolysis of methane and ammonia, the color observed depending on the concentration of HCN involved. Laboratory studies of these ubiquitous compounds point to the presence of polyamidine structures synthesized directly from hydrogen cyanide. These would be converted by water to polypeptides which can be further hydrolyzed to α-amino acids. Black polymers and multimers with conjugated ladder structures derived from HCN could also be formed and might well be the source of the many nitrogen heterocycles, adenine included, observed after pyrolysis. The dark brown color arising from the impacts of comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter might therefore be mainly caused by the presence of HCN polymers, whether originally present, deposited by the impactor or synthesized directly from HCN. Spectroscopic detection of these predicted macromolecules and their hydrolytic and pyrolytic by-products would strengthen significantly the hypothesis that cyanide polymerization is a preferred pathway for prebiotic and extraterrestrial chemistry.

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