scholarly journals Optimization of Land Use Pattern Reduces Surface Runoff and Sediment Loss in a Hilly-Gully Watershed at the Loess Plateau, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Yini ◽  
Niu Jianzhi ◽  
Xin Zhongbao ◽  
Zhang Wei ◽  
Zhang Tielin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Yellow River Valley ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Use Pattern

Aim of study: The aim is to find a way increasing gain yield and lessen area of farmland, and then increasing vegetation cover, improving environment and alleviating soil erosion.Area of study: The Hilly-Gully region at the loess plateau of China.Material and methods: In this study, an adjusted and optimized land use pattern was developed in Luoyugou watershed in the Yellow River valley based on the gradient distribution of land use types, and its effect on water and sediment transport was simulated using the SWAT model and GIS, with remote sensing images, land use maps and hydrologic data.Main results: The results indicate: average simulated runoff and sediment for the period 1986-2000 under conditions of the three land use pattern (2011, 2008 and optimized land use) reduced by 0.002-0.013 m3/s (2.7-17.6%) and 0.66 million tons, respectively. The runoff and sediment data obtained were compared with observed data from 2008, which showed that runoff and sediment production would be reduced by 467625 m3 and 22754 tons, respectively.Research highlights: The adjustment of the land use pattern in comprehensive consideration of vegetation and geography have a positive effect on water and sediment transport which will be important for decision making and water resources management, and provides a reference for future environmental management and ecological construction in the loess plateau Hilly-Gully region. 

Impacts of land-use pattern on soil water-content variability on the Loess Plateau of China

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. She ◽  
M.A. Shao ◽  
L.C. Timm ◽  
I. Pla Sentís ◽  
K. Reichardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Use Pattern

scholarly journals Impact of LUCC on streamflow based on the SWAT model over the Wei River basin on the Loess Plateau in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1929-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wang ◽  
Fubao Sun ◽  
Jun Xia ◽  
Wenbin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
The Wei River Basin ◽  
Soil Flow ◽  
Wei River

Abstract. Under the Grain for Green Project in China, vegetation recovery construction has been widely implemented on the Loess Plateau for the purpose of soil and water conservation. Now it is becoming controversial whether the recovery construction involving vegetation, particularly forest, is reducing the streamflow in the rivers of the Yellow River basin. In this study, we chose the Wei River, the largest branch of the Yellow River, with revegetated construction area as the study area. To do that, we apply the widely used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model for the upper and middle reaches of the Wei River basin. The SWAT model was forced with daily observed meteorological forcings (1960–2009) calibrated against daily streamflow for 1960–1969, validated for the period of 1970–1979, and used for analysis for 1980–2009. To investigate the impact of LUCC (land use and land cover change) on the streamflow, we firstly use two observed land use maps from 1980 and 2005 that are based on national land survey statistics merged with satellite observations. We found that the mean streamflow generated by using the 2005 land use map decreased in comparison with that using the 1980 one, with the same meteorological forcings. Of particular interest here is that the streamflow decreased on agricultural land but increased in forest areas. More specifically, the surface runoff, soil flow, and baseflow all decreased on agricultural land, while the soil flow and baseflow of forest areas increased. To investigate that, we then designed five scenarios: (S1) the present land use (1980) and (S2) 10 %, (S3) 20 %, (S4) 40 %, and (S5) 100 % of agricultural land that was converted into mixed forest. We found that the streamflow consistently increased with agricultural land converted into forest by about 7.4 mm per 10 %. Our modeling results suggest that forest recovery construction has a positive impact on both soil flow and baseflow by compensating for reduced surface runoff, which leads to a slight increase in the streamflow in the Wei River with the mixed landscapes on the Loess Plateau that include earth–rock mountain area.

scholarly journals Multifractal analysis of land use pattern in space and time: A case study in the Loess Plateau of China

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Wang ◽  
Bojie Fu ◽  
Kangshou Lu ◽  
Luxiang Xiao ◽  
Yuxin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Multifractal Analysis ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Use Pattern

scholarly journals Simulating the Hydrological Processes of a Meso-Scale Watershed on the Loess Plateau, China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manman Leng ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Shengping Wang ◽  
Zhiqiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
P Value ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Monthly Streamflow ◽  
Meso Scale

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is widely used to simulate watershed streamflow by integrating complex interactions between climate, geography, soil, vegetation, land use/land cover and other human activities. Although there have been many studies involving sensitivity analysis, uncertainty fitting, and performance evaluation of SWAT model all over the world, identifying dominant parameters and confirming actual hydrological processes still remain essential for studying the effect of climate and land use change on the hydrological regime in some water-limited regions. We used hydro-climate and spatial geographical data of a watershed with an area of 3919 km2, located on the Loess Plateau of China, to explore the suitable criterion to select parameters for running the model, and to elucidate the dominant ones that govern the hydrological processes for achieving the sound streamflow simulation. Our sensitivity analysis results showed that parameters not passing the sensitive check (p-value < 0.05) could play a significant role in hydrological simulation rather than only the parameters with p-value lower than 0.05, indicating that the common protocol is not appropriate for selecting parameters by sensitivity screening only. Superior performance of the rarely used parameter SOL_BD was likely caused by a combination of lateral and vertical movement of water in the loess soils due to the run-on infiltration process that occurred for meso-scale watershed monthly streamflow modeling, contrasting with traditionally held infiltration excessive overland flow dominated runoff generation mechanisms that prevail on the Loess Plateau. Overall, the hydrological processes of meso-scale watershed in the region could be well simulated by the model though underestimates of monthly streamflow could occur. Simulated water balance results indicated that the evapotranspiration in the region was the main component leaving the watershed, accounting for 88.9% of annual precipitation. Surface runoff contributed to 63.2% of the streamflow, followed by lateral flow (36.6%) and groundwater (0.2%). Our research highlights the importance for selecting more appropriate parameters for distributed hydrological models, which could help modelers to better comprehend the meso-scale watershed runoff generation mechanism of the Loess Plateau and provide policy makers robust tool for developing sustainable watershed management planning in water-limited regions.

scholarly journals Impact of LUCC on Streamflow using the SWAT Model over the Wei River Basin on the Loess Plateau of China

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wang ◽  
Fubao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
The Wei River Basin ◽  
Soil Flow ◽  
Wei River Basin ◽  
Wei River

Abstract. Under the Grain for Green project in China, vegetation recovery constructions have been widely implemented on the Loess Plateau for the purpose of soil and water conservation. Now it becomes controversial whether the recovery constructions of vegetation, particularly forest, is reducing streamflow in rivers of the Yellow River Basin. In this study, we choose the Wei River, the largest branch of the Yellow River and implemented with revegetation constructions, as the study area. To do that, we apply the widely used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model for the upper and middle reaches of the – Wei River basin. The SWAT model was forced with daily observed meteorological forcings (1960–2009), calibrated against daily streamflow for 1960–1969, validated for the period of 1970–1979 and used for analysis for 1980–2009. To investigate the impact of the LUCC (Land Use and land Cover Change) on the streamflow, we firstly use two observed land use maps of 1980 and 2005 that are based on national land survey statistics emerged with satellite observations. We found that the mean streamflow generated by using the 2005 land use map decreased in comparison with that using the 1980 one, with the same meteorological forcings. Of particular interest here, we found the streamflow decreased in agricultural land but increased in forest area. More specifically, the surface runoff, soil flow and baseflow all decreased in agricultural land, while the soil flow and baseflow of forest were increased. To investigate that, we then designed five scenarios including (S1) the present land use (1980), (S2) 10 %, (S3) 20 %, (S4) 40 % and (S5) 100 % of agricultural land was converted into forest. We found that the streamflow consistently increased with agricultural land converted into forest by about 7.4 mm per 10 %. Our modeling results suggest that forest recovery constructions have positive impact on both soil flow and base flow compensating reduced surface runoff, which leads to a slight increase in streamflow in the Wei River with mixed landscapes of Loess Plateau and earth-rock mountain.

scholarly journals Hydrologic Responses to Land Use Change in the Loess Plateau: Case Study in the Upper Fenhe River Watershed

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Lu ◽  
Songbing Zou ◽  
Zuodong Qin ◽  
Yonggang Yang ◽  
Honglang Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Basin Scale

We applied an integrated approach to investigate the impacts of land use and land cover (LULC) changes on hydrology at different scales in the Loess Plateau of China. Hydrological modeling was conducted for the LULC maps from remote sensing images at two times in the Upper Fenhe River watershed using the SWAT model. The main LULC changes in this watershed from 1995 to 2010 were the transformation of farmland into forests, grassland, and built-up land. The simulation results showed that forested land contributed more than any other LULC class to water yield, but built-up land had most impact due to small initial loss and infiltration. At basin scale, a comparison of the simulated hydrological components of two LULC maps showed that there were slight increases in average annual potential evapotranspiration, actual evapotranspiration, and water yield, but soil water decreased, between the two intervals. In subbasins, obvious LULC changes did not have clear impacts on hydrology, and the impacts may be affected by precipitation conditions. By linking a hydrological model to remote sensing image analysis, our approach of quantifying the impacts of LULC changes on hydrology at different scales provide quantitative information for stakeholders in making decisions for land and water resource management.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Soil Erosion Response to Land Use and Slope in the Loess Plateau—A Case Study of Jiuyuangou

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenlu Huang ◽  
Qinke Yang ◽  
Xiayu Cao ◽  
Yuru Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Slope Gradient ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
The Impact

Soil erosion is a serious environmental problem in the Loess Plateau, China. Therefore, it is important to understand and evaluate soil erosion process in a watershed. In this study, the Chinese Soil Loss Equation (CSLE) is developed to evaluate the soil loss and analyze the impact of land use and slope on soil erosion in Jiuyuangou (JYG) watershed located in the hilly-gullied loess region of China 1970–2015. The results show that the quantities of soil erosion decreased clearly from 1977 to 2015 in the study area, which from 2011 (t/km²·a) in 1977 to 164 (t/km²·a) in 2004 and increased slowly to 320 (t/km²·a) in 2015. No significant soil erosion (<300 t/km²·a) changed in JYG watershed, which increased dramatically from 8.93% to 69.34% during 1977–2015. The area of farmland in this study area has been reduced drastically. Noting that the annual average soil erosion modulus of grassland was also showing a dropped trend from 1977 to 2015. In addition, the study shows that the annual average soil erosion modulus varied with slope gradient and the severe soil erosion often existed in the slope zone above 25°, which accounted for 4657 (t/km²·a) in 1977 and 382.27 (t/km²·a) in 2015. Meanwhile, soil erosion of different land-use types presented the similar changing trend (declined noticeably and then increased slowly) with the change of slope gradient from 1977 to 2015. Combined the investigations of extreme rainfall on 26 July 2015 for JYG watershed, the study provides the scientific support for the implementation of soil and water conservation measures to reduce the soil erosion and simplify Yellow River management procedures.

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