scholarly journals Body growth and phenotypic variation of the carcasses of native duck lineages (Cairina moschata)

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0405
Author(s):  
Eva C. J. Almeida ◽  
Paulo L. S. Carneiro ◽  
Ronaldo V. Farias Filho ◽  
Lorena A. Nunes ◽  
Carlos H. M. Malhado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curve ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feeding Management ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Production Characteristics

Natives ducks are birds that require little handling and are resistant to many diseases that affect chickens. Thus, they adapt to low-input farming conditions, which contributes to the food security of small farmers. Although they exhibit potential for growth, their production characteristics are relatively unknown, so they are underexploited. The objective of this study was to compare how nonlinear models fit the growth curve of two genetic groups of duck and to evaluate variation based on carcass characteristics. Two hundred and twenty four animals were weighed weekly, from birth to 90 days of age. We used nonlinear models (Brody, Richards, Gompertz, Von Bertalanff and Logistic) to describe growth curve. For the evaluation of phenotypic variation, we measured seven carcass traits from 81 ducks carried out by principal component analysis. The logistic model best fit the growth curve, and the absolute growth rates (AGR) for the Catolé duck showed that females reached their maximum AGR at approximately 30 days but did not reach their ideal commercial weight. The drumstick, thigh and liver yields accounted for 41.17% of the differences between the Catolé and Paysandu ducks. The slaughter of male Catolé ducks is recommended between 70 and 90 days because a drastic decrease in growth occurs after this time. For the slaughter of females, feeding management modifications and improvement in growth indices are recommended to increase the final weight and AGR. The carcass yields indicate potential for native duck meat production.

Application of non-linear mixed models for modelling the quail growth curve for meat and laying

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (10) ◽  
pp. 1216-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Santos ◽  
D. A. Vieira ◽  
L. P. Souza ◽  
A. L. Santos ◽  
F. R. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Female Quail ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Growth Profiles ◽  
Best Fit

AbstractThe objective of the current paper was to apply mixed models to adjust the growth curve of quail lines for meat and laying hens and present the rates of instantaneous, relative and absolute growth. A database was used with birth weight records up to the 148th day of female quail of the lines for meat and posture. The models evaluated were Brody, Von Bertalanffy, Logistic and Gompertz and the types of residues were constant, combined, proportional and exponential. The Gompertz model with the combined residue presented the best fit. Both strains present a high correlation between the parameters asymptotic weight (A) and average growth rate (k). The two strains presented a different growth profile. However, growth rates allow greater discernment of growth profiles. The meat line presented a higher growth rate (6.95 g/day) than the lineage for laying (3.65 g/day). The relative growth rate was higher for lineage for laying (0.15%) in relation to the lineage for meat (0.13%). The inflection point of both lines is on the first third of the growth curve (up to 15 days). All results suggest that changes in management or nutrition could optimize quail production.

Nonlinear models to describe the testicular size growth curve of Mangalarga Marchador stallions

2021 ◽  
pp. 103422
Author(s):  
Danielle Estanislau Coelho Silva ◽  
Jurandy Mauro Penitente-Filho ◽  
Domingos Lollobrigida Souza Neto ◽  
Bruna Waddington ◽  
Renan Reis de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curve ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Testicular Size

scholarly journals Principal component analysis for evaluating a ranking method used in the performance testing in sheep of Morada Nova breed

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 3909
Author(s):  
Michelle Santos da Silva ◽  
Luciana Shiotsuki ◽  
Raimundo Nonato Braga Lôbo ◽  
Olivardo Facó
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Ranking Method ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Body Depth

A multivariate approach was adopted to evaluate the relationship among traits measured in the performance testing of Morada Nova sheep, verify the efficiency of a ranking method used in these tests and identify the most significant traits for use in future analyses. Data from 150 young rams participating in five versions of the performance tests for the Morada Nova breed were used. Twenty traits were measured in each animal: initial weight (IW), final weight (FW), average daily weight gain (ADG), loin eye area (LEA), scrotal circumference (SC), fat thickness (FT), conformation (C), precocity (Pc), muscularity (M), breed features (BF), legs (L), withers height (WH), chest width (CW), rump height (RH), rump width (RW), rump length (RL), body length (BL), body depth (BD), heart girth (HG) and body condition scoring (BCS). The Pearson’s correlation coefficients ranged from –0.10 to 0.93, with the highest correlations were between body weight variables and morphometric measurements. The three first principal components explained 72.28% of the total variability among all traits. The variables related to animal size defined the first principal component, whereas those related to visual appraisal and suitability for meat production defined the second and third principal components, respectively. The combination of traits from the principal component analysis showed that the ranking method currently used in the performance testing of Morada Nova sheep is efficient for selecting larger rams with better breed features and higher degrees of specialization for meat production.

scholarly journals Structural Health Monitoring under Nonlinear Environmental or Operational Influences

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyrki Kullaa
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Novelty Detection ◽  
Minimum Mean Square Error ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gaussian Mixture ◽  
Structural Health

Vibration-based structural health monitoring is based on detecting changes in the dynamic characteristics of the structure. It is well known that environmental or operational variations can also have an influence on the vibration properties. If these effects are not taken into account, they can result in false indications of damage. If the environmental or operational variations cause nonlinear effects, they can be compensated using a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) without the measurement of the underlying variables. The number of Gaussian components can also be estimated. For the local linear components, minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation is applied to eliminate the environmental or operational influences. Damage is detected from the residuals after applying principal component analysis (PCA). Control charts are used for novelty detection. The proposed approach is validated using simulated data and the identified lowest natural frequencies of the Z24 Bridge under temperature variation. Nonlinear models are most effective if the data dimensionality is low. On the other hand, linear models often outperform nonlinear models for high-dimensional data.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Prediction of Multi-Wells Production Based on Production Characteristics Analysis Using Key Factors in Shale Formations

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5226
Author(s):  
Hyo-Jin Shin ◽  
Jong-Se Lim ◽  
Il-Sik Jang
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Probabilistic Prediction ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Shale Formations ◽  
Production Forecasting ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Probabilistic Values ◽  
Shale Formation ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
Production Characteristics

In this study, we propose a novel workflow to predict the production of existing and new multi-wells. To perform reliable production forecasting on heterogeneous shale formations, the features of these formations must be analyzed by classifying the formations into various groups; the groups have different production characteristics depending on the key factors that affect the shale formation. In addition, the limited data obtained from nearby existing multi-wells should be used to estimate the production of new wells. The key factors that affect shale formation were derived from the correlation and principal component analysis of available production-related attributes. The production of existing wells was estimated by classifying them into groups based on their production characteristics. These classified groups also identified the relationship between hydraulic fracturing design factors and productivity. To estimate the production of new wells (blind wells), we generated groups with different production characteristics and leveraged their features to estimate the production. Probabilistic values of the group features were entered into the input layer of the artificial neural network model to consider the variation in the production of shale formations. All the estimated productions exhibited less error than the previous analytical results, suggesting the utilization potential of the proposed workflow.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Among Strains of Pleurotus species (oyster mushroom) Using Morphometric Traits Under Varied Temperature and pH

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Elijah A. Adebayo ◽  
Musibau A. Azeez ◽  
Olusola N. Majolagbe ◽  
Julius K. Oloke
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Pleurotus Species ◽  
Varied Temperature ◽  
Temperature Ranges

AbstractGenetic diversity in nineteen strains of Pleurotus was studied using morphometric traits and growth factors. Ability of the isolates of these strains to tolerate different ranges of temperature and pH were evaluated. Highest mycelial growth rates were obtained at 25 °C (mutants and hybrids) and 30 °C (wild type), while LAU 90 (mutant) performed satisfactorily at all evaluated temperature ranges (15-35 °C). Highest mycelial yields (dry weight) were produced by LAU 90 at different pH regimes (4.0 - 9.0), while hybrids LN 97 and LN 98 maximally produced mycelial yield at pH 5.0 and 7.0, respectively. Analysis od Principal component (PC) revealed that components of these strains accounted for 86.1% of total variations among the strains with first PC recording 44.6%. The dendrogram discriminated nineteen Pleurotus genotypes into two major genetic groups with mutants and hybrid strains in Cluster A, separated distinctly from wild parents in Cluster B, indicating genetic diversity. The expression of heterosis can be maximized by information obtained among the hybrid strains and mutant (LAU90) strain. The hybrid (LN98) strain with superior performance may be selected for adoption in commercial mushroom production.

scholarly journals Meat production characteristics of Turkish native breeds: I. Fattening, slaughter and carcass traits of lambs

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-672
Author(s):  
Y. Aksoy ◽  
M. Uğurlu ◽  
A. Önenç ◽  
E. Şirin ◽  
U. Şen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Sheep Breed ◽  
The Other ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Production Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Cuts

The present study was conducted to determine the slaughter and carcass traits of male lambs of the Akkaraman (A), Morkaraman (M), Awassi (IW), Karayaka (KR), Kıvırcık (KV) and Middle Anatolian Merino (MAM) sheep breeds. Fattening of all lambs started when they were at 90 days at weaning and finished when they reached bodyweight of 40 kg. The cold dressing percentage of lambs of A, M, and IW breeds were significantly lower than those of KV, KR and MAM. Fat depth and muscle area were significantly greater in KV and MAM lambs than those of the other breeds. There were significant differences among breeds in shoulder, leg and lean weights. Weights of back loin in KV and MAM lambs were significantly greater than those of the other breeds. The highest values for carcass fleshiness were obtained in MAM and IW lambs, but they had a significantly lower carcass fatness score. There were significant differences among the breeds in carcass compactness and leg conformation. The results of the present study indicated that A and MAM breeds could be recommended for desirable carcass characteristics.Keywords: Carcass cuts, indigenous sheep breed, intensive lamb finishing, meat formation, SEUROP classification

scholarly journals Effects of dietary energy and protein levels on growth curve parameters of Khazak native chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
hadi Faraji-Arough ◽  
Mahmoud Ghazaghi ◽  
Farzad Bagherzadeh Kasmani ◽  
Mohammad Rokouei
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curve ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Body Weight Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Absolute Growth

Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary energy (ME) and protein (CP) on growth parameters and absolute growth rates in the different ages of the Khazak chicks. A total of 360 one-day-old Khazak chicks were obtained from a local hatchery and in a 3×3 factorial experiment with completely randomized design, chicks were randomly allocated to experimental diets including 2,600, 2,800, and 3,000 kcal of ME/kg, and each containing 17, 19, and 21% CP from 7 to 98 days of age. Four growth model (Gompertz, Logistic, Lopez, and Richards) were fitted on weekly body weight data and the best model were selected by the goodness of fit criteria. Growth curve parameters were predicted for all chicks using the best model and other parameters including age (Ti) and weight (Wi) at the inflection point and absolute growth rate (AGR) in different ages were calculated from growth curve parameters. All parameters were analyzed using the general linear model procedure of SAS. Based on goodness of fit criteria, the Richards model had the lowest Akaike’s Information Criteria (AIC), root mean square error (RMSE), and highest adjusted determination coefficient (R2Adj) than other models and was selected as the best model. The effect of ME was significant on the mature index (k), Wi, Ti, and all AGR parameters (P<0.05) while CP levels were significant on final weight (Wf), Wi, and AGR parameters (P<0.05). The chicks fed with a diet containing 2,600 kcal of ME/kg and 17 % CP had the higher k parameter, and lower Wi, Ti, and AGR than those fed with other diets (P<0.05). Considering that the level of 2,800 kcal of ME/kg and 19 % CP had no significant difference with the level of 3,000 kcal of ME/kg and 21 % CP, therefore diet with 2,800 kcal of ME/kg and 19 % CP was suggested as optimum levels for change the growth curve parameter and having best performance for Khazak chickens during 7 to 98 days of old.

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