scholarly journals The COVID-19 SUSPECT DETECTION BASED ON OXYGEN BLOOD LEVELS OF COVID-19 POLTEKAD ELECTRONIC DETECTOR DESIGN WHICH USING PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHY (PPG) METHOD MOVING AVERAGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Oktober) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Ivandhika Bagas Pratama ◽  
Nur Rahman Supadmana Muda ◽  
Erlillah Rizqi Kusuma Pradani
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Average Data ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Detector Design ◽  
Electronic Detector

Abstract – Patients with Covid-19 have several symptoms, one of which is a decrease in the oxygen content in the blood or oxygen saturation (SpO2). Detecting oxygen saturation in preventing the spread of Covid-19 is one of the first steps. In this study, researchers conducted an experiment to detect oxygen levels in the blood or oxygen saturation on the POLECTOR C-19 device that was made. By using a photoplethysmography (PPG) which is carried out non-invasively using the sensor, the MAX30102 aim is to get the oxygen saturation value which is used as a reactive and non-reactive decision maker. With the method, the moving average data used from the sensor readings in the form of analog data will be changed using the formula Ratio of Ratios by calculating the average oxygen level then the results can be used to calculate oxygen levels in the blood. The results of sensor readings on the POLECTOR C-19 tool with a digital oximeter from an average value of 10 samples have a difference in value of 0.4, the reading results are the same as the readings of existing medical devices (digital oximeter) so that this tool can be used as a reader. oxygen saturation parameters. In conclusion, this tool can detect a person's condition by predicting the risk or no risk of Covid-19 from the results of the sensor readings of oxygen levels in the blood.

In vivo Monitoring of Oxygen Levels in Human Brain Tumor Between Fractionated Radiotherapy Using Oxygen-enhanced MR Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-432
Author(s):  
Junchao Qian ◽  
Xiang Yu ◽  
Bingbing Li ◽  
Zhenle Fei ◽  
Xiang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Tissue Oxygen ◽  
Human Brain Tumor ◽  
Fractionated Radiotherapy ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Oxygen Breathing

Background:: It was known that the response of tumor cells to radiation is closely related to tissue oxygen level and fractionated radiotherapy allows reoxygenation of hypoxic tumor cells. Non-invasive mapping of tissue oxygen level may hold great importance in clinic. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of oxygen-enhanced MR imaging in the detection of tissue oxygen levels between fractionated radiotherapy. Methods: A cohort of 10 patients with brain metastasis was recruited. Quantitative oxygen enhanced MR imaging was performed prior to, 30 minutes and 22 hours after first fractionated radiotherapy. Results: The ΔR1 (the difference of longitudinal relaxivity between 100% oxygen breathing and air breathing) increased in the ipsilateral tumor site and normal tissue by 242% and 152%, respectively, 30 minutes after first fractionated radiation compared to pre-radiation levels. Significant recovery of ΔR1 in the contralateral normal tissue (p < 0.05) was observed 22 hours compared to 30 minutes after radiation levels. Conclusion: R1-based oxygen-enhanced MR imaging may provide a sensitive endogenous marker for oxygen changes in the brain tissue between fractionated radiotherapy.

Estimating carbon losses from disturbances in tropical moist forests (deforestation and forest degradation) since 2011

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Achard ◽  
Christelle Vancutsem ◽  
Valerio Avitabile ◽  
Andreas Langner
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Carbon Loss ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Carbon Losses

&lt;p&gt;The need for accurate information to characterize the evolution of forest cover at the tropical scale is widely recognized, particularly to assess carbon losses from processes of disturbances such as deforestation and forest degradation&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. In fact, the contribution of degradation is a key element for REDD+ activities and is presently mostly ignored in national reporting due to the lack of reliable information at such scale.&lt;br&gt;Recently Vancutsem et al.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; produced a dataset at 30m resolution which delineates the tropical moist forest (TMF) cover changes from 1990 to 2019. The use of the Landsat historical time-series at high temporal and spatial resolution allows accurate monitoring of deforestation and degradation, from which the carbon losses from disturbances in TMFs can be estimated. A degradation event is defined here as temporary absence of tree cover (visible within a Landsat pixel during a maximum of three years duration) and includes impacts of fires and logging activities.&lt;br&gt;We quantify the annual losses in above-ground carbon stock associated to degradation and deforestation in TMF over the period 2011-2019 by combining the annual disturbances in forest cover derived from the Landsat archive the pan-tropical map of aboveground live woody biomass density (AGB) from Santoro et al.&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; at 100 m. To reduce the local variability within the estimation of AGB values, we apply a moving average filter under the TMF cover for the year 2010.&amp;#160;&lt;br&gt;The carbon loss due to degradation is accounted as full carbon loss within a pixel (like a deforestation). The reason is that logging activities usually remove large trees with higher biomass densities than the average value of the disturbed pixel indicated by the pan-tropical maps. To avoid double counting of carbon removal, deforestation happening after degradation is not accounted as carbon loss.&lt;br&gt;Our results are compared with estimates of previous studies that cover different periods and forest domains: (i) Tyukavina et al.&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;#160;provide estimates of carbon loss from deforestation for the period 2000-2012 for all forests (evergreen and deciduous) discriminating natural forests from managed forests, and (ii) Baccini et al.&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;provide estimates of carbon loss from deforestation and degradation for the period 2003-2014 for both evergreen and deciduous forests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In a further step, we will analyze the sensitivity of the results to the input AGB values by applying the same approach to other AGB maps (e.g. Baccini et al. 2012&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;).&lt;br&gt;Finally we intend to use Sentinel-2 data (10 m) for monitoring the location and extent of logging activities and burnt areas and further improve the estimates of carbon losses from forest degradation.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;1. Achard F, House JI 2015 doi 10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/101002&lt;br&gt;2. Vancutsem C. et al. 2019 Submitted to Nat. Geoscience&lt;br&gt;3. Santoro M et al. 2018 doi 10.1594/PANGAEA.894711&lt;br&gt;4. Tuykavina A et al 2018 http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/10/7/074002&lt;br&gt;5. Baccini A et al. 2017 doi 10.1126/science.aam5962&lt;br&gt;6. Baccini A et al. 2012 doi 10.1038/nclimate1354&lt;/p&gt;

Fetal Sheep Brains: Findings at Functional Blood Oxygen Level–Dependent 3-T MR Imaging—Relationship to Maternal Oxygen Saturation during Hypoxia

Radiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 237 (3) ◽  
pp. 919-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Wedegärtner ◽  
Mikhail Tchirikov ◽  
Sebastian Schäfer ◽  
Andrew N. Priest ◽  
Michael Walther ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Fetal Sheep

scholarly journals Peramalan Rate of Return Saham Menggunakan Metode Brown’s Weighted Exponential Moving Average dengan Optimasi Levenberg-Marquardt

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hasanah Abdullah ◽  
Junaidi ◽  
Lilies Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Double Exponential ◽  
Closing Price ◽  
Double Exponential Smoothing ◽  
A Company

Stocks can be defined as a sign of the participation of unilateral capital in a company or a limited liability company in the form of proof of a company's assets and it is formed as a valueble proof letters as a statement of participating in capital. Return stockis one of the factors that motivates investors to invest or interact and also a reward for the courage of investors to take risks or investments. PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia is one of the largest banks in Indonesia that experiences an increase in stock prices every year. The Brown's Weighted Exponential Moving Average (BWEMA) method which is a combination of the Weighted Exponential Moving Average (WEMA) and Brown's Double Exponential Smoothing (BDES) methods will be used in this study. The data used is the daily data of closing price of the stock (closing price) of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia on February 6, 2018 until February 6, 2019. MSE and MAPE BWEMA values ​​were obtained at 6124.222 and 1.831685%, while MSE and MAPE WEMA values ​​were 7559.211 and 1.998439% respectively. The results obtained show that the BWEMA method has smaller MSE and MAPE values. This shows that the BWEMA method is better than the WEMA method in terms of forecasting. As a results the BWEMA method is continued to calculate the forecasts rate of return for the next 7 days. The average value returns obtained is 0.111497% stock  which means during the period of the investment, investors get a profit of 0.111497%% per day of the total funds invested in the shares of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk.

Visualization of oxygen level inside a single cardiac myocyte

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (6) ◽  
pp. H2561-H2568 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Takahashi ◽  
K. Doi
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Cardiac Myocyte ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Image Processing Technique ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cell Conversion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reduced Forms

The present paper describes theoretical and experimental bases for quantitation of the oxygen level inside a single isolated ventricular rat myocyte. We applied three-wavelength microspectrophotometry to a single cardiomyocyte, where the sensitivity of the spectrophotometry was augmented by a digital image processing technique known as video-enhanced microscopy. Oxygen-dependent changes in light absorption of the intracellular pigments were detected and represented with the use of a newly defined variable, Z, where one pixel of the reconstructed cell image corresponded to 0.2 microns. Theoretically, Z is a single-valued function of the fractional oxygen saturation of the intracellular pigment. We demonstrated in quiescent cardiomyocytes that Z changed according to extracellular PO2, where the relationship was sigmoidal with the extracellular PO2 for a half-maximal Z of 3.2 Torr. In the aerobic cell, conversion of cytochromes to the reduced forms by NaCN did not affect Z value. Therefore, we conclude that Z mainly represents the fractional oxygen saturation of myoglobin, thus reporting cytosolic PO2. We also demonstrated that for extracellular PO2 of 1.3 Torr, abolition of mitochondrial oxygen consumption by NaCN significantly elevated the intracellular oxygen level, suggesting existence of oxygen pressure gradients in a quiescent single cardiomyocyte that were proportional to oxygen flux.

scholarly journals A Method of PV Output Fluctuation Reduction by Modified Moving Average Data Processing

2003 ◽  
Vol 123 (7) ◽  
pp. 892-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuaki Suzuki ◽  
Ichiro Takano ◽  
Yoshio Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Average Data

Retinal venous oxygen saturation and cardiac output during controlled hemorrhage and resuscitation

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 891-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt R. Denninghoff ◽  
Matthew H. Smith ◽  
Art Lompado ◽  
Lloyd W. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Shed Blood ◽  
Venous Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Retinal Artery ◽  
Mixed Venous

The objective was to test calibration of an eye oximeter (EOX) in a vitiligo swine eye and correlate retinal venous oxygen saturation (SrvO2), mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2), and cardiac output (CO) during robust changes in blood volume. Ten anesthetized adult Sinclair swine with retinal vitiligo were placed on stepwise decreasing amounts of oxygen. At each oxygen level, femoral artery oxygen saturation (SaO2) and retinal artery oxygen saturation (SraO2) were obtained. After equilibration on 100% O2, subjects were bled at 1.4 ml · kg−1· min−1for 20 min. Subsequently, anticoagulated shed blood was reinfused at the same rate. During graded hypoxia, exsanguination, and reinfusion, SraO2and SrvO2were measured by using the EOX, and CO and SvO2were measured by using a pulmonary artery catheter. During graded hypoxia, SraO2correlated with SaO2( r = 0.92). SrvO2correlated with SvO2( r = 0.89) during exsanguination and reinfusion. SvO2and SrvO2correlated with CO during blood removal and resuscitation ( r = 0.92). Use of vitiligo retinas improved the calibration of EOX measurements. In this robust hemorrhage model, SrvO2correlates with CO and SvO2across the range of exsanguination and resuscitation.

VARIABILITY AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL SCATTERING COEFFICIENTS OF SURFACE WATER IN VARIOUS SEASONS

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murjat Hi Untung ◽  
Bisman Nababan ◽  
Vincentus P. Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Scattering Coefficient ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Total Scattering ◽  
Scattering Coefficients ◽  
Average Value

Variability and spatial distribution data of the total scattering coefficients ares useful in the development of bio-optical algorithms of ocean color satellite. The purpose of this study was to determine the variability and spatial distribution of the total scattering coefficient at 9 wavelengths (λ) in different seasons. Field data collection were conducted in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico (NEGOM) of the spring , summer, and fall in 1999-2000 by using the ac-9 in-situ Spectrophotometer and restricted to coastal waters of 10 m isobath and offshore of 1000 m isobath. The data were filtered using the moving average method and tested with the Kruskal-Wallis. The results showed that the average value of the total scattering coefficients were significantly different among spring, summer, and fall. In general, the total scattering coefficients were relatively high, especially in the coastal waters near the mouth of the river each season and relatively low in offshore waters except during the summer that the total scattering coefficients were also relatively high in offshore watersdue to the intrusion of the Mississippi river flow toward offshore containing high nutrients that can promote the growth of phytoplankton in the offshore, suspended material and lower salinity jointly to increase the total scattering coefficients.   Keywords: variability, spatial distribution, total scattering coefficient, bio-optic, NEGOM.

scholarly journals Correlation among decreased regional cerebral oxygen saturation, blood levels of brain injury biomarkers, and cognitive disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 3621-3629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birute Kumpaitiene ◽  
Milda Svagzdiene ◽  
Ingrida Drigotiene ◽  
Edmundas Sirvinskas ◽  
Ramune Sepetiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Blood Level ◽  
Cognitive Disorder ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Cerebral Oxygen ◽  
Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Test Digit

Objective This study was performed to investigate the correlation among decreased regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2), blood levels of brain injury biomarkers, and postoperative cognitive disorder (POCD) after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods This prospective observational study included 59 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery with CPB. All patients underwent neuropsychological tests (Mini Mental State Evaluation, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, digit span test, digit symbol substitution test, and Schulte table) the day before and 10 days after the surgery. The blood levels of two brain injury biomarkers, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), were measured before and 1 day after the surgery. Results The rSO2 decreased during surgery in 21 (35%) patients. POCD was detected in 22 (37%) patients. After the surgery, no significant changes in the GFAP blood level occurred in any patients. No significant correlations were found among the decreased rSO2, increased NSE blood level, and rate of POCD. Conclusion These results suggest that a decrease in rSO2 during cardiac surgery is not necessarily related to the development of POCD or an increased blood level of the brain injury biomarker NSE.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document