scholarly journals Tissue composition and allometric growth of tissues from commercial cuts and carcass of Texel lambs slaughtered with different weights

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Carvalho ◽  
Luana Cortes Zago ◽  
Cleber Cassol Pires ◽  
Andressa Ana Martins ◽  
Rafael Sanches Venturini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Late Growth

In this study, we evaluated the tissue composition, the ratios between different issues, and the allometric growth of tissues from the commercial cuts neck, shoulder, rib, and leg, and of the carcass of Texel lambs. Thirty uncastrated male lambs born from single calvings were used in this experiment. Lambs were weaned, confined individually, and distributed into five treatments with six replications. Each treatment consisted of a predefined slaughter weight (T23 – initial slaughter, T25, T30, T35, and T40). The proportion of bone decreased linearly in the shoulder, rib, and legs, but remained constant in the neck. The proportion of muscle decreased in the rib, whereas in the other cuts it remained constant. The percentage of fat increased as the slaughter weight of the lambs was increased, for all cuts. In all cuts and in the carcass, bone and muscle showed early growth (b < 1), whereas fat displayed late growth (b > 1). The proportion of bone decreased and fat increased linearly in the carcass, and the proportion of muscle was not influenced by the slaughter weight of the lambs. The muscle/fat ratio decreased in all cuts, and consequently in the half-carcass, as the slaughter weight was increased. The muscle/ bone ratio increased in the shoulder, rib, leg, and half-carcass, but there was no significant effect on the neck. The bone and muscle tissues showed early growth, whereas the fat had late growth in the different commercial cuts and carcass of Texel lambs. The tissue growth pattern of the shoulder may be representative of the allometric growth of the different carcass tissues. An increase in the slaughter weight of Texel lambs leads to a reduction of the muscle/fat ratio, due to the higher deposition of fat in the carcass of these animals.

Irrigation of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in the Sudan

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-578
Author(s):  
S. M. Farah
Keyword(s):  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Infiltration Method ◽  
Late Growth

SUMMARYIn one experiment during 1972 and 1973 five irrigation regimes of every 4, 6, 8 and 10 days and according to stomatal opening, as estimated by the infiltration method, were compared, using an early-maturing variety Zankawa and a late-maturing variety G51. In both experiments early crop growth was checked by the shortest and the longest irrigation intervals.Late growth, on the other hand, was promoted by the shortest intervals in both seasons. Thus the highest yield in 1972 was obtained from the 4–day regime, followed by the infiltration method, then progressively greater yields with shorter intervals. In 1973, however, the shortest interval resulted in the lowest yield, which was significantly less than the other treatments, which showed a similar trend to those of 1972.In a second experiment during 1974 and 1975 a medium-maturing variety 22/9/1 and a late–maturing variety 44/E were added to those of the previous experiment. Watering every 4 and 6 days were eliminated and watering every 12 days added, during the early growth period. Each of these regimes was given irrigation every 6, 8, 10 and 12 days during the late growth period. The early-maturing varieties yielded best when irrigated every 12 days in the early stages, and every 10 days in the late stages, whereas the late-maturing varieties yielded best when irrigated every 10–2 and 8 days in the early and late stages of growth, respectively.

scholarly journals Relative growth of carcass tissues of goat kids from five breed Types finished on pasture or feedlot

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
Raquel Vasconcelos Lourençon ◽  
Heraldo Cesar Gonçalves ◽  
Paulo Roberto Lima Meirelles ◽  
Richard Browning Junior ◽  
Maria Lenira Leite-Browning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Exponential Equation ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Late Growth

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cross breeding, finishing system, and gender on the relative growth of carcass tissues of dairy kids. Seventy eight kids (39 male and 39 female) from five breed types were used: Alpine; ½ Boer + ½ Alpine (½ BA); ½ Nubian + ½ Alpine (½ ANA); ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpine (¾ BA); and ½ Nubian + ¼ Boer + ¼ Alpine (TC). Kids were distributed into two finishing systems: in pasture with doe (FS1) and weaned in feedlot (FS2). Kids were slaughtered at a mean age of 128.4 ± 7.9 days and mean live weight of 22.07 kg. The mean weight of half carcasses was 5.09 kg. To determine allometric growth, we used the exponential equation Y= aXb. In the half carcass, muscle tissue showed comparatively early growth in group ½ BA, whereas fat tissue of animals in FS1 had relatively late growth. Females exhibited early growth of muscle tissue, while in males this tissue was intermediate. The ½ BA first-cross improved carcass characteristics by enhancing the growth of muscle tissue.

scholarly journals Multiple actins in drosophila melanogaster

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Horovitch ◽  
RV Storti ◽  
A Rich ◽  
ML Pardue
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Major Product ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Larval Body ◽  
Drosophila Cell ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Adult Abdomen

The tissue and developmental specificities of the three Drosophila isoactins, originally identified in primary myogenic cultures and in the permanent Schneider L-2 cell line, have been investigated. Of these three isoactins (I, II, and III), actins I and II are stable and actin III is unstable. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analyses of total cellular extracts after 1-h [(35)S]methionine pulses were performed on a large variety of embryonic, larval, and adult muscle and nonmuscle tissues. The results suggest that isoactins II and III are generalized cellular actins found in all drosophila cell types. Actin I, on the other hand, is muscle-associated and is found exclusively in supercontractile muscle (such as larval body wall and larval and adult viscera) including primary myogenic cell cultures. Although actin I synthesis is not detectable during very early embryogenesis, it is detectable by 25 h and actin I is a major stable actin in all larval muscle tissues. Actin I is synthesized in reduced amounts relative to the other actins in late third instar larvae but is again a major product of actin synthesis in the adult abdomen. A stable actin species with the same pI as actin III has been identified in the adult thorax and appears to be unique to flight muscle tissue. This new stable form of thoracic actin may be the result of a stabilization of the actin III found in other tissues or may be an entirely separate gene product.

scholarly journals A comparison of the allometric growth in Uca leptodactyla (Crustacea: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) from two subtropical estuaries

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Carina Flores Cardoso ◽  
Maria Lucia Negreiros-Fransozo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Size At Sexual Maturity ◽  
Subtropical Estuaries ◽  
Habitat Similarity

The allometric growth of Uca leptodactyla from two distinct subtropical estuaries on the Brazilian coast was evaluated concerning its growth pattern and size at onset of sexual maturity. Females attained maturity at similar sizes in both sites (4·1 mm of carapace length in Indaiá and 4·2 mm in Ubatumirim), while males differed slightly. They reached the size at sexual maturity of 5·3 mm of carapace length in Indaiá and 4·6 mm in Ubatumirim. Growth pattern is usually similar among crabs from distinct sites while size at sexual maturity is frequently different. However, in the case of U. leptodactyla it did not occur, probably due to the strong habitat similarity and intrinsic features of this species.

scholarly journals Polyphasic growth in fish: a case study with Corydoras paleatus (Siluriformes, Callichthyidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
José R. S. Barradas ◽  
Isabel S. Lermen ◽  
Gabriel G. Larré ◽  
Thaís P. Martins ◽  
Nelson F. Fontoura
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Power Equation ◽  
Length Relationship ◽  
First Maturity ◽  
Changing Rate ◽  
Specific Length

ABSTRACT A weight-length relationship was established for Corydoras paleatus (Jenyns, 1842) (Siluriformes, Callichthyidae) (n=596) from samples taken in November-December 2009 and March-April 2010, in Pinguela Lagoon (29°46'57"S; 50°11'16"W), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The species showed a polyphasic allometric growth pattern, each stanza described by an independent power equation controlled by a switch function: W = a1Lb1 ∙ (1 + eRsc ∙ (L-SCP))-1 + a2Lb2 ∙ [1 - (1 + eRsc ∙ (L-SCP))-1] ; where W is the expected weight for a specific length L, a1 and a2 are the proportionality coefficients for stanzas 1 and 2, b1 and b2 are the allometric coefficients for stanzas 1 and 2, Rsc is the stanza changing rate for the switch function and SCP is the stanza changing point for the switch function. The stanza changing point was estimated as 5.28 cm, corresponding with the length at first maturity for this species Lmat (5.29 cm). Our data suggest that a complex growth pattern can be in nature, and perhaps not often identified because trends are obscured by natural variability.

scholarly journals Length-weight relationships and condition factor of Hyperopisus bebe (Lacepede, 1803) (Actinopterygii: Osteoglossiformes) in River Galma, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 301-305
Author(s):  
Matouke M. Moise
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
B Values ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Water Quality ◽  
The Mean

The investigation of length-weight relationship and condition factor are very relevant indices to ascertain the health of fish in the water body. Length-weigh relationship and condition factor of Hyperopisus bebe (Lacepede, 1803) (Actinopterygii: Osteoglossiformes: Mormyridae) in River Galma, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria, were assessed. The mean length and mean weigh in male and female were 26.703 cm +/- 0.51 cm and 25.32 cm +/- 0.898 cm; 158.2 g +/- 10.1 g and 95.91 g +/- 9.26 g, respectively. The exponent or growth pattern 'b' values for male and female were 2.009 and 2.176. The condition factor for male and female were 0.59 and 0.83, respectively. The negative allometric growth pattern and poor condition factor might be due to the poor water quality in the fish ecosystem and should be regarded with concern.

scholarly journals Length-weight Relationship, Growth Pattern and Condition Factor of the Silver Catfish Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Lacepède, 1803) from Lower River Benue, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Edem, Edem Thomas ◽  
Ofunama, Preye ◽  
Eyo, Victor `Oscar
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
B Value ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Artisanal Fisheries ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Weight Relationship

This study was carried out to evaluate the length-weight relationship, growth pattern and condition factor of the Silver catfish Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus from the Lower River Benue Makurdi, Nigeria. A total of 200 freshly caught specimens of C. nigrodigitatus were collected between July 2013 and September 2013 from the catches of the artisanal fisheries at landing points in Wadata Market, Makurdi. Results obtained showed that the “b” value for the males was 1.6067 while that of the females was 1.6791 and combined sexes 1.7371, indicating a negative allometric growth for this species. Correlation coefficient (r) obtained for males (0.9651), 0.9517 (females) and 0.9329 (pooled sexes) showed a positive significant relationship between length and weight of C. nigrodigitatus. Monthly mean condition factor (K), indicate that C. nigrodigitatus were in good physiological health condition. In conclusion, the baseline data on the length-weight relationship, condition factor of C. nigrodigitatus from the lower River Benue provided in this study is crucial in the sustainable management of this species in the River. Also, these findings will be useful in evaluating the population dynamics, stock and the aquaculture potential of C. nigrodigitatus for future purpose.

scholarly journals Growth pattern of three species of Mullets (Pisces: Mugilidae) in Sombreior River, Rivers State, Niger Delta, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Eyina Dienye ◽  
Olaniyi Alaba Olopade
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Good State ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
Rivers State

Length-weight relationships (LWRs) and condition factor are important biological information to assess the growth pattern and wellbeing of fish species influenced by numerous abiotic and biotic factors. To date, no data on the LWRs and condition of mullets in Sombreior River, Niger Delta. Hence, this research was conducted to determine abundance, length–weight relationship and Fulton’s condition factor (K) of three species of fish belonging to family Mugilidae in Sombreior River, Nigeria. There were a total of 248 samples from five sampling stations for a period of months. Fish species were of various sizes ranging from 24.66±0.40 to 26.35±0.26cm in length and 141.41±6.30 to 161.56±5.87g in weight. For the three species, slope (b) values ranged from 2.18 to 2.68 indicating a negative allometric growth of all fish species. The mean condition factor ranged from 0.89±0.03 forsix Mugil cephalus to 0.93±0.03 for Parachelon grandisquamis while the coefficients of determination (R2) of the LWR regressions ranged between 0.64 (Neochelon falcipinnis) and 0.79 (Parachelon grandisquamis). It was concluded that the mullets in the Sombreior River had a negative allometric growth pattern and the condition is showing the species were in good state of well-being since mean K values are  greater than 1.

Biology and development of galls induced by Lopesia sp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on leaves of Mimosa gemmulata (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Cotrim Costa ◽  
Renê Gonçalves da Silva Carneiro ◽  
Juliana Santos Silva ◽  
Rosy Mary dos Santos Isaias
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Nutritive Tissue ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Galling Insects ◽  
Late Growth

Analyses of gall biology and development allow determination of morphogenesis events in host-plant organs that are altered by galling insects. Currently, we assume that there is a correlation between Lopesia sp. instars and the alterations in gall tissues on Mimosa gemmulata that generate the gall shape. The development of Lopesia sp. (three larval instars, pupae and adult) correlates positively with gall growth, especially on the anticlinal axis. First-instar larvae are found in galls at the stage of induction, Instar 2 in galls at early growth and development, Instar 3 in galls at late growth and development, pupae in galls at maturation, and the adult emerges from senescent galls. At induction, the larva stimulates cell differentiation in pinnula and pinna-rachis tissues on M. gemmulata. At early growth and development stages, cell division and expansion are increased, and non-glandular trichomes assist gall closing. Homogenous parenchyma and neoformed vascular bundles characterise late growth and development. At maturation, tissues are compartmentalised and cells achieve major expansion through elongation. At senescence, galls open by the falling of trichomes, and mechanical and nutritive cells have thickened walls. The neoformed nutritive tissue nurtures the developing Lopesia sp., whose feeding behaviour influences the direction of cell elongation, predominantly periclinal, determinant for gall bivalve shape.

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