scholarly journals Effect of vaccination in lowering the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Elena Ioris Barddal ◽  
Jociane Cristina Quixabeira-Santos ◽  
Isabela Ferreira Lopes ◽  
José Soares Ferreira Neto ◽  
Fernando Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
The State ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Property A ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Breeding Herd ◽  
Predetermined Number

The study was conducted to verify the efficacy of the bovine brucellosis vaccination program implemented by the state of Mato Grosso, using prevalence as an indicator. The state was divided into four regions: Pantanal, Milk, Fattening, and Breeding. For each region, a predetermined number of properties were selected and blood samples were taken from randomly chosen female animals, aged 24 months or greater. Sera from the animals were initially screened with a buffered acidified plate antigen, and confirmed using complement fixation. In each property, a questionnaire was used in order to identify the risk factors associated with the disease. In the state, the prevalence rate of infected herds was 24.0% [21.3; 26.8] and the prevalence rate of infected animals was 5.1% [3.5; 7.2]. The prevalence rates of infected herds and animals in each region were as follows: 21.2% and 6.4% in the Pantanal region, 17.2% and 3.7% in the Milk region, 34.0% and 7.2% in the Fattening region, and 24.3% and 4.4% in the Breeding region. Bovine brucellosis in the state is associated with the introduction of breeding, herd size, pasture sharing, and farms used for mixed and beef purposes. Therefore, in order to improve control of bovine brucellosis, it is proposed that the state of Mato Grosso intensify its prophylactic program, primarily its vaccination strategy. There has been a reduction in the prevalence of infected herds since 2002; however, there remains a high prevalence of infected herds and animals throughout the state. Additionally, the use of non-inducing antibodies vaccine should be encouraged, especially in the Pantanal region where the management of the animals is complicated by the flood and ebb cycle. The state should make greater efforts to educate producers on how to assess the breeding animals for brucellosis before introducing them into their properties as well as avoid shared grazing among herds of unknown health conditions.

scholarly journals Control of bovine brucellosis from 1998 to 2009 in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil Manoel Leal Filho ◽  
Ilda Francisca Neves Bottene ◽  
Letícia Almeida Retumba Carneiro Monteiro ◽  
Aiesca Oliveira Pellegrin ◽  
Vitor Salvador Picão Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herd Size ◽  
The State ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Property A ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mixed Types ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Predetermined Number

This study used disease prevalence as an indicator to assess the effectiveness of the bovine brucellosis vaccination program implemented by the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The state was divided into three regions: Pantanal, Planalto Sul, and Planalto Norte. For each region, a predetermined number of properties was sampled; in each, blood samples were collected from randomly selected cows aged at least 24 months. Sera from animals were subjected to a protocol that called for serial testing, with screening and confirmation using the buffered acidified antigen and 2-mercaptoethanol tests, respectively. In each property, a questionnaire was completed in order to identify risk factors associated with the disease. The overall prevalence rates of infected herds and infected animals in the state were 30.6% [27.4; 34.0] and 7.0% [5.6; 8.7], respectively. The regional prevalence rates of infected herds and infected animals were 39.1% and 8.9%, respectively, in Pantanal, 25.3% and 6.1% in Planalto Sul, and 32.1% and 6.4% in Planalto Norte. Bovine brucellosis in the state is associated with the purchase of breeding animals, herd size, and beef and mixed types of enterprise. Thus, Mato Grosso do Sul should reassess its vaccination program in order to improve its effectiveness. The state must also increase education and supervision to encourage producers to test breeding animals for brucellosis before introducing them to their properties.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Diniz Baumgarten ◽  
Flávio Pereira Veloso ◽  
José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho ◽  
Fernando Ferreira ◽  
Marcos Amaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
The State ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Property A ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Implementing Strategies ◽  
Significant Effort

A study was conducted to verify that the State of Santa Catarina has maintained a low prevalence of bovine brucellosis, which would allow the state to move forward with implementing strategies for disease eradication. The state was divided into five regions. In each region, a predetermined number of randomly selected properties was sampled. In each property, blood samples were collected from randomly selected cows with ages equal to or greater than 24 months. Sera from the animals were submitted to a serial testing protocol, with screening by the buffered acidified antigen test and confirmation by the 2-mercaptoethanol test. In each property, a questionnaire was used to identify the risk factors associated with the disease. In the state, the prevalence rate of infected herds was 0.912% [0.297 - 2.11] and infected animals was 1.21% [0.09 - 4.97]. Relative to the earlier study in 2002, there was no difference. The risk factors associated with the condition of a herd infected with brucellosis were as follows: herd size ? 12 cows (OR = 7.47 [2.14 - 34.34]) and the presence of flooded areas (OR = 5.68 [1.62 - 26.13]). In view of the low prevalence, it is recommended that the state proceed with the implementation of eradication strategies that are based on a surveillance system structured to detect and eliminate infected herds, and supported by an effective compensation fund for the replacement of seropositive animals. Additionally, the State should make a significant effort to educate and supervise producers to ensure the testing of breeding animals for brucellosis before introducing them into their properties.

scholarly journals Cattle movement network, herd size, and bovine brucellosis in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ishibashi Cipullo ◽  
José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho ◽  
Ricardo Augusto Dias ◽  
Fernando Ferreira ◽  
José Soares Ferreira Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herd Size ◽  
The State ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Total Degree ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Cattle Movement ◽  
Tenfold Increase ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Animal Trade

The aims of the present study were to compare centrality and other measures of bovine movement networks in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, in 2007, by examination of the positive and negative herds identified in the brucellosis survey conducted in 2003. In addition, we aimed to examine the association between herd size (measured by the number of females older than 24 months, denoted FEM24+) and animal trade between herds. We found a statistical association between brucellosis occurrence and both the total degree (number of traded animals) and out-degree (for the number of animals sold and the number of neighboring herds). This finding suggests that positive herds in the 2003 survey were trading (particularly selling) more frequently in 2007 than negative herds, thereby presumably increasing the risk of disease spread. Statistical differences observed (p-values) in the network of movements for reproduction purposes were more significant than those observed in other networks for average herd size; degrees of animals, batches, and neighbors; outdegree of neighbors; and betweenness. We found positive associations (p < 0.001) between the following variables: number of traded animals and the FEM24+ herd size; FEM24+ herd size and FEM24+ herd size of neighbors within the network of cattle movement; FEM24+ herd size of neighbors and number of traded animals; and weighted degree (animals) of neighbors and degree (animals) of the herd of origin. A comparison of positive and negative herds stratified by herd size (? 10 FEM24+; 11-50 FEM24+; and > 50 FEM24+), within the network of movements for reproduction purposes, revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in the > 50 FEM24+ category only, for average herd size, total degree (animals, batches, and neighbors), outdegree (animals, batches, and neighbors), and outcloseness. Logistic regression analysis, in which average herd size and degree (animals) were both factors, showed that a tenfold increase in herd size and the number of animals traded would lead to an increased chance of a herd being positive by 41% (OR = 1.41 [1.01; 1.99]) and 39% (OR = 1.39 [1.05; 1.85]), respectively. We concluded that the presence of bovine brucellosis is associated with a larger herd size, which is consistent with other reports. We also found an association between the increased trade of bovines and the presence of bovine brucellosis. Furthermore, an association was noted between herd size and animal trade, both of which could contribute to the spread of brucellosis.

scholarly journals Epidemiological situation of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3589 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Marcelo Brandini Néspoli ◽  
Rísia Lopes Negreiros ◽  
Marcos Amaku ◽  
Ricardo Augusto Dias ◽  
Fernando Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Procedure ◽  
Random Number ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
The State ◽  
Property A ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Epidemiological Situation ◽  
Tuberculin Tests

In 2009, the epidemiological situation of bovine tuberculosis was studied in the state of Mato Grosso, which is a traditional beef exporter. The state was divided into four regions. In each region, properties were selected randomly. A predetermined random number of animals were chosen from these properties, and comparative cervical tuberculin tests were conducted. In total, 28,878 animals from 1,133 properties underwent examination. The animals with inconclusive results were reexamined with the same diagnostic procedure in a minimal interval of 60 days. In each sampled property, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted to identify possible risk factors for the disease. In the state, the prevalence of infected herds and animals was 1.3% [0.7; 2.4] and 0.12% [0.03; 0.44], respectively. Further, the prevalence of infected herds and animals were 0.0% [0.0; 2.0] and 0.0% [0.0; 0.08] in the Pantanal region, 1.3% [0.5; 3.1] and 0.04% [0.01; 0.17] in the dairy region, 0.7% [0.2; 2.7] and 0.01% [0.003; 0.04] in the fattening region, and 1.7% [0.7; 4.1] and 0.24% [0.06; 0.90] in the breeding region, respectively. It was observed that the condition of the herds infected with bovine tuberculosis was associated with milk production, European or mestizo breeds, degree of sophistication in the production mode, and herd size of up to 486 animals. Therefore, the implementation of a monitoring system for detection and elimination of the residual infected herds along with incorporation of risk-based monitoring elements is the best strategy for the state.

Use of a generalized additive model for a spatial analysis of bovine brucellosis risk in the state of Mato Grosso in 2002 and 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 104938
Author(s):  
Isana Souza Silva ◽  
Janice Elena Ioris Barddal ◽  
Rísia Lopes Negreiros ◽  
A.C.S. Oliveira ◽  
D.M. Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Generalized Additive Model ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Mato Grosso

scholarly journals Effect of vaccination on the apparent prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the state of Tocantins, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 2389-2406
Author(s):  
Fabiano Benitez Vendrame ◽  
◽  
Regina Gonçalves Barbosa ◽  
Fernando Ferreira ◽  
Marcos Amaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apparent Prevalence ◽  
Animal Replacement ◽  
Predetermined Number

A cross-sectional study on the epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis was carried out in the state of Tocantins to evaluate the effectiveness of its vaccination program. The state was divided into five regions, and a predetermined number of farms was randomly selected in each one. Females aged 24 months or older were randomly selected in each farm and diagnosed with brucellosis by serial serology (AAT and 2-ME). A total of 6,846 animals from 756 farms were examined. The prevalence of seropositive herds in the state was 6.42% [CI95%: 4.76-8.62], and the prevalence of seropositive animals was 2.21% [CI95%: 1.05-4.01]. The prevalence of seropositive herds was homogeneously distributed among regions. The 2002/2003 study estimated the prevalence of seropositive herds in the state to be 21.22% [CI95%: 19.33-23.11]. In conclusion, the vaccination program implemented in Tocantins, reaching vaccination coverage above 70% as of 2010, significantly reduced the prevalence of seropositive herds. Thus, continuing the vaccination program in the state is recommended, preferably increasing the quality of the processes involved, from commercialization to inoculation in animals, since immunization remains the most effective means to reduce the prevalence of brucellosis. In addition, animal replacement remains a major risk factor for bovine brucellosis in Tocantins since 20022003; therefore, the state must implement a strong health education program explaining to farmers the importance of testing animals for brucellosis before introducing them into their herds.

scholarly journals Epidemiological situation of bovine brucellosis after implementation of a vaccination program in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3519
Author(s):  
Nairléia Dos Santos Silva ◽  
Ana Cláudia Mello Groff ◽  
Ana Carla Martins Vidor ◽  
José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho ◽  
Marcos Bryan Heinemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Predetermined Number

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a bovine brucellosis vaccination program in Rio Grande do Sul, with prevalence as the indicator, and to identify risk factors for the disease. The state was divided into seven regions. For each region, a predetermined number of properties were randomly sampled, in which a pre-established number of randomly selected females aged over 24 months were tested. The serodiagnosis protocol consisted of a screening test using buffered acidified antigen, followed by a confirmatory test using 2-mercaptoethanol. An epidemiological questionnaire was utilized to identify possible risk factors associated with bovine brucellosis. In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the prevalence of infected herds was found to be 3.54% [2.49-4.88], and the prevalence of infected animals was 0.98% [0.57-1.57]. In assessments of specific regions, the infected herd prevalence ranged from 0.66% to 3.09%, and among the animals, from 0.06% to 2.03%. In herds comprising 15 or more cows, beef type and pasture sharing emerged as risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the state. The epidemiological status of bovine brucellosis in Rio Grande do Sul has remained unchanged since 2004, even though adequate vaccination coverage has been recorded since 2009. Thus, the state should continue its vaccination program, with emphasis on the quality of the process and on encouraging the use of non-antibody inducing vaccines. In addition, the state must make a greater effort to educate producers on the importance of testing for brucellosis in breeding animals before introducing them onto their properties, and on the importance of avoiding shared grazing among herds whose health conditions are unknown.

scholarly journals Method for determining bovine brucellosis vaccination coverage

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3759
Author(s):  
Rosely Bianca dos Santos Kuroda ◽  
Risia Lopes Negreiros ◽  
Raul Ossada ◽  
José Soares Ferreira Neto ◽  
Marcos Amaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
The State ◽  
Bovine Brucellosis ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Best Estimate ◽  
Strain Vaccine

In light of recent efforts in Brazil to increase B19 strain vaccine coverage of heifers, this study proposes a standardized methodology for the calculation of vaccination coverage among the Federal Units. To illustrate its use, the method was applied to data from the state of Mato Grosso to calculate vaccination coverage from 2006 to 2010. The results provide the best estimate based on data currently available in most states and can be easily adapted to situations in which the cattle registries use different age categories from those used in the state of Mato Grosso.

A Synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) in Brazil, with the Description of Two New Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
James Lucas da Costa-Lima ◽  
Earl Celestino de Oliveira Chagas
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The North ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
A New Species

Abstract—A synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) for Brazil is presented. Six species are recognized: Dicliptera ciliaris, D. sexangularis, and D. squarrosa, widely distributed in South America; D. purpurascens, which ranges from the North Region of Brazil (in the state of Acre) to eastern Bolivia; D. gracilirama, a new species from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil; and D. granchaquenha, a new species recorded in dry and semideciduous forests in Bolivia and western Brazil, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Furthermore, we propose new synonyms and designate lectotypes for eleven names. An identification key to the six accepted Dicliptera species in Brazil is provided.

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