scholarly journals Prevalence and distribution of feet lesions in dairy cows raised in the freestall

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Costa Ebling ◽  
Amanda Krummenauer ◽  
Gustavo Machado ◽  
Diego Zeni ◽  
Luis Paulo Carazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Productivity Losses ◽  
Foot Diseases ◽  
Infectious Origin ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Foot Lesions ◽  
Sole Ulcers

Foot lesions are one of the main causes of productivity losses in the dairy industry. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of claudication and distribution of hoof lesions by associating them with preventive hoof trimming, as well as list the main causes of involuntary discarding and the main health problems reported in dairy farms. The study included 10 farms distributed in 7 municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul state. The body condition score (BCS) and locomotion score (LS) of the cows were assessed. Hoof examination, lesion classification, and hoof trimming of the animals were performed. Of the 492 animals, 38.4% presented lameness and 36% had foot lesions, 81.4% of which were observed in the pelvic limbs and 19.6% in the thoracic limbs. Of the lesions in the limbs, 47.1% were of infectious origin and 52.9% were noninfectious. The main lesions were sole ulcers (31.6%), digital dermatitis (30.3%), thin soles (12%), and interdigital dermatitis (11.2%). Cows aged 4 to 6 years had a higher number of lesions and a higher LS. Preventive hoof trimming reduced the chances of lameness by 55% as the locomotive system was the main sanitary problem and the first reason for involuntary disposal of the farms. The results show that dairy cows raised in a free stall system have a high prevalence of claudication and foot diseases. These data should be taken into account when altering the livestock management of these animals in order to reduce significant economic losses in the herd.

scholarly journals Interaction between the body condition score, gait, hindlimb conformation, and claw conformation in dairy cows in Aydin, Turkey

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Akin ◽  
Husnu Erbay Bardakcioglu ◽  
Elvan Hayat ◽  
Yalcin Alper Ozturan ◽  
Omer Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
The Body ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Abnormal Gait ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT: Breeding strategies aim to reduce lameness in dairies by using predictor traits to increase the selection of dairy cows. This study enhanced the present knowledge about association between the claw conformations (CC), hindlimb conformation (HiLC), gait, and body condition score (BCS) in dairy cows. A total of 166 lactating Holstein cows were enrolled in the study and scored for BCS, CC, HiLC, and gait. The abnormal HiLC group was statistically significant (P<0.001) to have more abnormal CC. Hock in (Hin) cows showed significance (P<0.001) with CC abnormalities. Cows with abnormal gait have less abnormal claw and limb conformation than normal cows (P=0.032). Lactation number (P=0.036) and abnormal HiLC (P<0.001) were significantly increased risk for CC. The present results might be useful for claw and hindlimb conformations, and breeding strategies of the herd.

scholarly journals Embryonic mortality in Holstein cows on one’s farm

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Puklová ◽  
Jan Šubrt ◽  
Dušan Skrip ◽  
Radek Filipčík
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Positive Effect

The objective of our research was to evaluate the effect of some factors on the embryonic mortality of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows in a herd. Monitoring was conducted in the course of three years (2006–2009) at a level of (9330–8970) kg/dairy cow per lactation. We monitored the reproduction parameters of 209 dairy cows (1st to 8th lactation). Ultrasonography was used to diagnose gravidity, and/or embryonic mortality, in each cow 6 times, at regular 4-day intervals between days 22 and 42 after insemination. We analysed the effect of 3 factors on embryonic mortality: age, body condition score and season of the year at the time of insemination. Embryonic mortality relative to the age of the female was significantly the lowest (20.69 %) in cows aged 42 to 47 months (3.5–3.9 years); high embryonic mortality (45.46 %) was recorded in the youngest females of 24 to 29 months of age (2.0–2.4 years). The results indicated that the body condition score of the cow at the time of insemination had a statistically significant (P > 0.01) effect on embryonic mortality (EM). Embryonic mortality was the lowest when the body condition of the cow was “ideal”, i.e. 5 points of the BCS (at the most 9 points). The season of the year when insemination was carried out had a positive effect on embryonic mortality.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Fasciola gigantica and Paramphistomum spp Infection in Aceh Cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 01025
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hambal ◽  
Rizka Ayuni ◽  
Henni Vanda ◽  
Amiruddin Amiruddin ◽  
Farida Athaillah
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Fasciola Gigantica ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Cattle Farming ◽  
Banda Aceh

Fasciola gigantica and Paramphistomum spp. are trematode helminth causing severe economic losses in cattle farming in Aceh Province, Indonesia. This study was conducted to examine the correlation between the prevalence of F. gigantica and Paramphistomum spp infections with the body condition and sex of Aceh cattle. In total, 103 cattle (50 males and 53 females) from an abattoir in Banda Aceh were used. The body condition score was recorded and the number of fluke eggs in feces was examined coproscopically. The results showed that F. gigantica prevalence was 41% and 72% in females and males, respectively, whereas, the prevalence of Paramphistomum spp in females and males was 81% and 72%, respectively. The average number of fasciola eggs was 2.55 eggs/ g feces and 2.75 eggs/ g feces in females and males, respectively, The average number of Paramphistomum spp eggs was 127.6 eggs/g feces and 36.8 eggs/ g feces in males, and female respectively. Based on the Body Condition Score (BCS), the prevalence of both trematodes was higher in the skinny cattle (BSC 2 and 3). This study established that the infection of Fasciola in BCS 3 was higher than BCS 2 and 4. Male cattle were more susceptible to infection than females.

scholarly journals Correlations between acute phase proteins and the body condition score

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-344
Author(s):  
Mária Vargová ◽  
Rudolf Hromada ◽  
Katarína Veszelits Laktičová ◽  
Terézia Pošiváková ◽  
Juraj Benculák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Condition Score

The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of the body condition score, acute phase proteins (serum amyloid A and haptoglobin) and their relationships in dairy cows of the Slovak Pied Cattle from 3 weeks before parturition to 9 weeks after parturition. Significant differences were found in the means of serum amyloid A (P < 0.01). Haptoglobin concentrations increased from 172.0 ± 0.05 µg/ml to 173.0 ± 0.13 µg/ ml at week 3 and week 1 before the parturition, respectively. The highest value of haptoglobin was recorded in cows 3 week post partum. Cows during the early postparturient period had significantly higher serum amyloid A concentrations compared to cows in the prepartal period (P < 0.01). Significantly higher body condition score values were observed in dry cows (from 4.42 ± 0.20 to 4.25 ± 0.15 points) than in cows after parturition (from 3.90 ± 0.12 to 3.25 ± 0.08 points) (P < 0.001). In the assessment of correlations between the selected acute phase proteins significant positive correlation was found (r = 0.213, P < 0.05). Moreover, negative correlations were found between the body condition score and acute phase proteins. Our results show a strong relationship between the decrease of the body condition score and the increase of acute phase proteins in dairy cows around parturition which indicates the process of a certain form of non-specific inflammation at loss of body fat.

NON-CONTACT BODY CONDITION SCORE OF DAIRY COWS BASED ON TOF-TECHNOLOGY

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
DMITRY YU. PAVKIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Tof Camera ◽  
Ischial Tuberosities

The paper presents the results of applying the body condition score (BCS) least squares algorithm used to assess the body condition of dairy cows with a 3D ToF camera. The authors propose a method for collecting field data on the body condition of dairy cows in industrial milk production using a 3D ToF camera. The camera was installed at a height of 2200 mm from the floor at an angle of 5° towards the sacrum. Four areas of the body of 34 dairy cows were examined: the ischial tuberosities, the roundness of the maclugs, the sacral ligament, and the caudal ligament. Data were collected during milking. 136 images were processed. Digital data were processed in three types of images: in the RGB-D color spectrum, Point Cloud and binary. The assessment took into account five groups of fatness: 1 - lean; 2 - thin; 3 - well-fed; 4 - very well-fed; 5 - obese dairy cow. The resulting images were analyzed using software developed in the Matlab environment. The results of the algorithm were compared with the expert assessment of four specialists. According to the results of the BCS assessment of the algorithm, the fatness scores of groups 1 and 5 coincided with the opinion of experts with a probability of 73 and 67%, in groups 2, 3, 4 the coincidence was 61, 52 and 55%, respectively. The authors suppose that the inaccuracy in determining the fatness of groups 2, 3 and 4 is associated with their implicit differences. It is concluded that of all the BCS groups, the system more accurately determines the fatness of cows of groups 1 and 5, as well as from three image options (Point cloud 3D, RGB-D, binary) RGB-D most accurately determined the fatness of cows.

scholarly journals Prevalence of reproductive diseases and its associated risk factors in crossbred dairy cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Atikul Alam ◽  
Md Musharraf Uddin Bhuiyan ◽  
Mst Sonia Parvin ◽  
Mohammad Moshiur Rahman ◽  
Farida Yeasmin Bari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Uterine Prolapse ◽  
The Body ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Reproductive Disease ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Reproductive diseases of crossbred dairy cows significantly reduce productivity which is of great concern of dairy producers worldwide. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of reproductive diseases and its associated risk factors in crossbred dairy cows in selected areas of Bangladesh. The study was conducted at eight villages of Ullapara Upazila under Sirajganj district. A total of 197 dairy farms having 488 breedable crossbred dairy cows (395 cows + 93 heifers) were randomly selected. A questionnaire as well as examination of cows was made to collect data on occurrence of reproductive diseases. The overall prevalence of reproductive diseases was 39.4%. Among the diseases, post calving anoestrus was 8.6%, delayed puberty was 6.8%, repeat breeding was 5.7%, retained placenta was 4.7%, metritis was 3.9%, dystocia was 3.3%, vaginal prolapse was 2.7%, abortion was 2.1% and uterine prolapse was 1.6%. The body condition score (BCS) of cows significantly (P<0.05) influenced the occurrence of reproductive disease. However, feeding practice, suckling, milk yield and parity did not influence significantly (P>0.05) the occurrence of reproductive diseases in crossbred dairy cows. In conclusion, further studies are needed with more number of cows to confirm the findings DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v1i1.22357 Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.1(1): 71-79, Dec 2014

scholarly journals Periparturient Period in Terms of Body Condition Score and Selected Parameters of Hormonal Profiles

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
M. Vargová ◽  
G. Kováč
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Periparturient Period ◽  
Hormonal Profiles ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
All Diseases ◽  
Opposite Tendency

Abstract The majority of all diseases in dairy cows occur during the period from three weeks before parturition to three weeks after parturition, in the periparturient or transitional period. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of selected parameters of: the hormonal profiles, the body condition score (BCS) and their interrelationships. The study was carried out on 15 dairy cows of the Slovak Pied Cattle, from three weeks before to nine weeks after parturition, which were divided into six groups. The concentrations of leptin during ante partum increased from 23.08 ± 10.58 ng.ml−1 to 26.80 ± 11.47 ng.ml−1, then gradually decreased (P > 0.05), and conversely, the concentrations of ghrelin before parturition were found to be decreasing and during the postpartal period, the concentrations increased, with the highest value of 35.94 ± 16.85 pg.ml−1. In the case of insulin, we found the opposite tendency of ghrelin. We observed significantly higher values of BCS in dry cows than in cows after parturition (P < 0.001). Comparing the BCS and the parameter of the hormonal profiles, we found both positive and negative correlations: leptin and ghrelin (r = −0.235, P < 0.05), and BCS and insulin (r = 0.232, P < 0.05), and BCS and leptin (r = 0.360, P < 0.001). The interrelationships between the hormones and the body condition score, provided evidence that the variations in concentrations of leptin, ghrelin and insulin were related to variations in the BCS.

scholarly journals Relationship between the pre- and postpartum body condition scores and periparturient indices and fertility in high-yielding dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Stefańska ◽  
Agnieszka Poźniak ◽  
Włodzimierz Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Days Open

Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body condition score (BCS) determined on the dry-off day, calving day, and in the first month of lactation, its changes during the dry period and early lactation, and periparturient indices and fertility in high-producing dairy cows. Material and Methods: The experiment was conducted in two herds: A and B, located in Western Poland. The studies were conducted on 116 and 108 Polish Holstein-Friesian dairy cows respectively, with an average milk yield of >10 000 kg/305-day lactation. The experiment included the dry period (-56 d to the calving day), the calving day, and early lactation (from +1 to +56 d). The experimental factor was BCS (0 to 5-point scale). The BCS was performed by one person on day -56, on parturition day (in the first 12 h after calving) and on day 30 of lactation. Results: A decrease in BCS (≥-0.25) in herd A during the dry period accelerated the planned calving period by 7.3 d. In the group of cows with BCS <3.25 on the dry-off day, the lowest artificial insemination index (1.80), the shortest period of insemination services (25 d), and days open (87 d) were recorded. Moreover, cows with BCS < 3.25 at calving had the shortest days open (91 d). BCS >3.50 in the first month of lactation (30 d) resulted in the extension of uterine involution period (56 d). Improvement of BCS during the dry period shortened the anoestrus (60 d) in herd A and the period of insemination service (60 d) in herd B. However, in this group (IM BCS ≥ 0.25) of cows the day of the highest artificial insemination index (2.50) in herd B was analysed. Conclusion: The body condition on the dry-off day and at calving, as well as its deterioration in the first month of lactation, have a considerable effect on fertility indices in dairy cows, thus confirming the advisability of its regular monitoring during routine operations connected with the management of a dairy cattle herd.

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