scholarly journals Histochemical changes induced by Trichoderma spp. and potassium phosphite in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in response to the attack by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 811
Author(s):  
Eliana Peliçon Pereira Figueira ◽  
Odair José Kuhn ◽  
Tatiane Martinazzo-Portz ◽  
José Renato Stangarlin ◽  
Marcos Donizete Peliçon Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Potassium Phosphite ◽  
Induction Of Resistance ◽  
Histochemical Changes ◽  
Lignin Deposition

Induction of resistance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) has been considered a promising alternative to control anthracnose. Among the changes generated in the induction of resistance, structural changes have been reported by several authors as an efficient form of resistance to the stress plants undergo. Histochemical analysis techniques have been used to investigate tissue changes triggered by induction of resistance. Thus, this study aims to investigate certain histochemical changes suffered by common bean plants induced with potassium phosphite and Trichoderma spp. in response to the attack by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, aiming to determine the host response pattern in terms of structural changes, associating it to possible disease control. Treatments consisted of isolates T. harzianum (isolate TOD1) and T. virens (isolate TM4), leaf fertilizer potassium phosphite Fertilis®, and distilled water (control). Inducers were applied to common bean alone or associated, consisting of five treatments plus the control treatment. The six treatments were evaluated for the absence and presence of C. lindemuthianum in a factorial scheme (6×2). Treatments allowed evaluating the severity of anthracnose in common bean, location of H2O2, lignin deposition, and hypersensitivity response in common bean hypocotyl by histochemical staining. Potassium phosphite and combinations of T. virens and T. harzianum with potassium phosphite efficiently reduced disease severity under greenhouse conditions, reaching 68, 84, and 71%, respectively. Studies with hypocotyl showed that T. harzianum + potassium phosphite and T. virens + potassium phosphite accelerated the H2O2 accumulation process and lignin deposition at the pathogen penetration site, in addition to the hypersensitivity reaction through the resistance-inducing activity, contributing to the protection of common bean against anthracnose caused by C. lindemuthianum.

Characterization of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Races in Zambia and Evaluation of the CIAT Phaseolus Core Collection for Resistance to Anthracnose

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Kamfwa ◽  
Paul Gepts ◽  
Swivia Hamabwe ◽  
Zombe Kapata Nalupya ◽  
Chikoti Mukuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Runner Bean ◽  
Causal Pathogen ◽  
Scarlet Runner Bean

Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causal pathogen of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) anthracnose, is highly variable. Therefore, understanding its race structure and identification of new sources of resistance is necessary for the development of varieties with durable resistance. The objectives of this study were (i) to characterize isolates of C. lindemuthianum collected from three major bean-growing regions in Zambia, and (ii) evaluate the CIAT Phaseolus core collection for resistance to C. lindemuthianum races 37, 73, and 566, and a blend of 20 races. Isolates collected from three major bean-growing districts in Zambia, namely Mporokoso, Mpika, and Mbala, were characterized as race 37, 73, and 566, respectively. A subset of the CIAT core collection comprised of 885 accessions of common bean, 13 accessions of scarlet runner bean (P. coccineus), and 11 accessions of year bean (P. dumosus) were evaluated for resistance to races 37, 73 and 566, and a blend of 20 races in a greenhouse at University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. A total of 72%, 66%, 48% and 9% of P. vulgaris accessions evaluated were highly resistant to races 37, 73, 566 and a blend of 20 races, respectively. Also, accessions of P. coccineus and P. dumosus, highly resistant to races 37, 73 and 566, were identified. Only eight of the 331 P. vulgaris accessions were highly resistant to all three individual races (37, 73, and 566) and to a blend of 20 races. These eight accessions constitute a valuable breeding resource for developing varieties with durable resistance to C. lindemuthianum.

Arikara Yellow common bean

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Henning Mündel, David Gehl ◽  
Henry C. Huang ◽  
Robert L. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
White Mould ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Wide Adaptation ◽  
Cultivar Description

Arikara Yellow is an early-maturing heritage bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar with a tan-yellow seed belonging to the Canario mexicano (syn. Mantequilla) market class. It has a determinate bush type growth habit, with wide adaptation on the Canadian prairies. Arikara Yellow is resistant to white mould caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary and to three of four common races of anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Lams.-Scrib. Key words: Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, heritage bean, cultivar description

scholarly journals Characterization of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum isolates using differential cultivars of common bean in Santa Catarina State, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 883-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal ◽  
Claudia Thomazella ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Kvitschal ◽  
Haroldo Tavares Elias
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
First Report ◽  
Differential Cultivars ◽  
Differential Cultivar ◽  
Santa Catarina State

In 2003 and 2004, 32 isolates of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum obtained from the infected plants of field-grown common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Santa Catarina state, Brazil were analyzed based on the virulence to 12 differential cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L.. Thirteen distinct races were identified, six of which had not been reported previously in Santa Catarina. This is the first report of the occurrence of 67, 83,101,103,105, and 581 races of C. lindemuthianum. Race 65 was most common (34%). All the isolates were compatible to the cultivars Michelite and Mexico 222. Some isolates infected not only differential cultivar of Mesoamerican origin, but also the ones of Andean origin.

Bolt common bean

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Khanal ◽  
Terry Rupert ◽  
Alireza Navabi ◽  
Thomas H. Smith ◽  
Thomas E. Michaels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
High Yield Potential

The breeding line ACUG10-1 named as Bolt (CFIA registration no. 7366) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is resistant to anthracnose [caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus)] with an upright plant architecture, suitable for direct harvest and high yield potential. Bolt is recommended for the dry bean growing areas in southwestern Ontario.

scholarly journals Variability in Cooking Time, Iron and Zinc Content in Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Irene Mughi ◽  
M. Ochwo-Ssemakula ◽  
R. Edema ◽  
C. Mukankusi
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Zn Content

Prolonged cooking time leads to structural changes at the grain cellular level, resulting in loss of nutrients such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) which are among the main nutrients important in addressing micronutrient malnutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity of cooking time, Fe and Zn content in a total of 152 common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes from around Eastern Africa, in order to identify short cooking genotypes with high Fe and Zn content. Field trials were conducted at CIAT-Uganda research station over two seasons in 2016. Cooking time was estimated using an automated Mattson cooker at CIAT-Uganda while Fe and Zn content was determined using XRF analysis at Rwanda Agricultural Board (RAB) in Rubona. A wide variability was evident from the test genotypes both for cooking time and mineral concentration. Cooking time exhibited a continuous distribution ranging from 35-100 minutes for the first season and 43–122 minutes for the second season. Seventy-three percent of the test genotypes had Fe levels higher than the low Fe check, CAL 96 (55mg/kg) which is popularly known as ‘Nambale’ and a popular commercial variety in Uganda. A total of 15 genotypes (Amahunja, Awash melka, Bihogo, CAB 2, ECAPAN021, G858, Icaquimbaya, KK20, NABE12C, NABE4, NABE6, ROBA-1, RWR1873, RWV3006) were consistent in short cooking time for the two seasons and had a Fe content above the low Fe check (CAL96 – 55mg/kg). A high correlation (r = 0.71) was observed between Fe and Zn whereas a low correlation between cooking time and Fe (r = -0.04) and Zn (r = 0.04) was observed. Great variability was evident for both traits indicating possible improvement by breeding and thus the possibility of having short cooking common bean genotypes with high Fe and Zn content.

scholarly journals Context-Dependent Effects of Trichoderma Seed Inoculation on Anthracnose Disease and Seed Yield of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): Ambient Conditions Override Cultivar-Specific Differences

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1739
Author(s):  
Karina Gutiérrez-Moreno ◽  
Michelina Ruocco ◽  
Maurilia Maria Monti ◽  
Octavio Martínez de la Vega ◽  
Martin Heil
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Fungi

Root colonizing Trichoderma fungi can stimulate plant immunity, but net effects are strain × cultivar-specific and changing ambient conditions further contribute to variable outcomes. Here, we used four Trichoderma spp. to inoculate seeds of four common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars and explored in three different experimental setups the effects on fungal anthracnose after leaf inoculation with Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Plants growing in pots with field soil under greenhouse conditions exhibited the highest and those in the open field the lowest overall levels of disease. Among 48 Trichoderma strain × bean cultivar × setup combinations, Trichoderma-inoculation enhanced disease in six and decreased disease in ten cases, but with the exception of T. asperellum B6-inoculated Negro San Luis beans, the strain × cultivar-specific effects on anthracnose severity differed among the setups, and anthracnose severity did not predict seed yield in the open field. In the case of Flor de Mayo beans, Trichoderma even reduced yield in anthracnose-free field plots, although this effect was counterbalanced in anthracnose-infected plots. We consider our work as a case study that calls for stronger emphasis on field experiments in the early phases of screenings of Trichoderma inoculants as plant biostimulants.

scholarly journals Changes in photosynthetic pigment and carbohydrate content in common bean cultivars infected by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K.S. Lobato ◽  
Gonçalves-Vidigal MC ◽  
Filho PS Vidigal ◽  
R.C.L. Costa ◽  
F.J.R. Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents ◽  
Reducing Carbohydrates

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrate contents on resistant and susceptible plants of <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L. (cvs. Mexico 222 and Widusa) infected by <i>Colletotrichum lindemuthianum</i> race 23. The experimental design used was entirely randomized in factorial scheme, with 2 cultivars (Mexico 222 and Widusa) and 2 treatments (control and inoculated). The cultivar Widusa (susceptible) showed a significant reduction in photosynthetic pigments, and an increase in the total carbohydrates, sucrose and reducing carbohydrates, whereas the cultivar Mexico 222 (resistant) showed a significant change in the carotenoid and total carbohydrate contents.

Black Violet common bean

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Henning Mündel, Ferdinand A. Kiehn ◽  
Henry C. Huang ◽  
Robert L. Conner ◽  
Gilles Saindon
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
White Mould ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Black Violet is a high-yielding, large-seeded, purple-podded, upright black dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar. It was developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Research Centre, Lethbridge, with cooperation from the AAFC Research Station, Morden. Black V iolet is well adapted to the Canadian prairies, with high yields equal to the high-yielding check cultivar, AC Harblack, in narrow rows. Black Violet is moderately resistant to white mould, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary; resistant to the Delta race and moderately resistant to race 1216 of anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Lams.-Scrib.; and resistant to race 15 of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). Key words: Common bean, Common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, black bean, cultivar description, high yielding

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