Cell damage, gas exchange, and growth of Annona squamosa L. under saline water irrigation and potassium fertilization

The semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil has water limitations in terms of both quantity and quality, with salt stress as a limiting factor for increasing yield in most crops. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate cell damage, gas exchange, and growth of custard apple under salt stress and potassium fertilization. The research was carried out at the Experimental Farm of CCTA/UFCG, in São Domingos-PB, Brazil. A randomized block design was arranged in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme, with two levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECw; 1.3 and 4.0 dS m-1) and five potassium doses (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 g of K2O per plant per year). Water salinity of 4.0 dS m-1 negatively affected the stem diameter and number of leaves in custard apple at 179 and 210 days after transplanting (DAT). The highest relative growth in stem diameter in the period of 179-245 DAT was obtained in plants irrigated with 4.0 dS m-1 water and fertilized with 20 g of K2O per plant. Potassium doses of up to 30 g of K2O resulted in a higher percentage of cell damage and relative water content in custard apple leaf tissue. Water saturation deficit decreased with the increase in K2O doses in plants irrigated with water of 1.3 dS m-1. Irrigation with 1.3 dS m-1 water and estimated K2O doses ranging from 16 to 22 g per plant resulted in an increase in stomatal conductance, transpiration, CO2 assimilation rate, and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency in custard apple plants at 210 DAT.

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Physiological changes and growth of soursop plants under irrigation with saline water and H2O2 in post-grafting phase

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6supl2p3023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽

pp. 3023-3038

Author(s):

Luana Lucas de Sá Almeida Veloso ◽

◽

Geovani Soares de Lima ◽

Carlos Alberto Vieira de Azevedo ◽

Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Saline Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Exogenous Application ◽

Four Levels

The low availability of water associated with high salt concentrations in irrigation water has become one of the leading challenges for agricultural production in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. Thus, the study of strategies to enable the use of saline water in agriculture is essential. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate alterations in gas exchange, chloroplast pigments, and cell damage in soursop (Anonna muricata L.) irrigated with saline water and under exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the post-grafting phase. A study was conducted in Campina Grande, PB, under greenhouse conditions. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design, in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of four levels of electrical conductivity of water (ECw; 1.6; 2.4; 3.2 and 4.0 dS m-1) and two concentrations of H2O2 (0 and 20 µM) with four replications. Irrigation water salinity from 1.6 dS m-1 caused changes in the stomatal conductance, respiration, and internal CO2 concentration of soursop plants. A 20 µM concentration of H2O2 reduced the effects of salinity on transpiration and CO2 assimilation values, in addition to promoting the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments and reducing cell damage in soursop plants, at 150 days after transplantation. The exogenous application of 20 µM H2O2 reduced the deleterious effects of salinity on the stem diameter of both rootstock and scion in soursop plants irrigated with ECw of 1.6 dS m-1. The exogenous application of 20 µM H2O2 was not efficient in mitigating the damage caused by salinity on the stem diameter of the soursop at grafting point.

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Growth and production components of West Indian cherry cultivated with saline waters and potassium fertilization

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n4p250-256 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 250-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Geovani S. de Lima ◽

Francisco W. A. Pinheiro ◽

Adaan S. Dias ◽

Hans R. Gheyi ◽

Lauriane A. dos A. Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Saline Water ◽

Block Design ◽

West Indian ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Irrigated Agriculture ◽

Potassium Fertilization

ABSTRACT Due to water limitations in terms of both quantity and quality in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil, the use of waters with high concentrations of salts become necessary in irrigated agriculture. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the growth and production of grafted West Indian cherry under saline water irrigation and potassium fertilization. The experiment was carried out in drainage lysimeters under protected environment conditions, using a Regolithic Neosol with sandy loam texture. Treatments resulted from the combination of two levels of electrical conductivity - ECw (0.8 and 3.8 dS m-1) of irrigation water and four doses of potassium (50, 75, 100 and 125% of the recommendation of Musser), arranged in a randomized block design, with three replicates. Irrigation water salinity of 3.8 dS m-1 markedly inhibited the growth in stem diameter and mean fruit weight of West Indian cherry. Potassium fertilization mitigated the deleterious effects of salt stress on the relative growth in stem diameter of the rootstock, total number of fruits and total fresh mass of fruits of West Indian cherry, with highest values in plants irrigated with water of lowest level of salinity associated with the highest dose of K2O.

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Gas exchange, growth, and production of mini-watermelon under saline water irrigation and phosphate fertilization

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6supl2p3039 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽

pp. 3039-3052

Author(s):

Geovani Soares de Lima ◽

◽

Charles Macedo Félix ◽

Saulo Soares da Silva ◽

Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Saline Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Co2 Assimilation ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Semi Arid Region

In the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil, due to the occurrence of excess salts, both in the water and soil, plants are constantly exposed to various conditions of abiotic stress. Thus, it is extremely important to identify methods capable of minimizing the effects of salt stress on plants as a way to ensure the expansion of irrigated areas. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the gas exchange, growth, and production of mini-watermelon irrigated with saline waters and fertilized with phosphorus. The experiment was conducted in pots under greenhouse conditions in Pombal, PB, Brazil, using a randomized block design in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water—ECw (0.3, 1.3, 2.3, 3.3, and 4.3 dS m-1), four phosphorus doses— PD (60, 80, 100, and 120% of the recommendation), and with three replicates. Watermelon plants cv. Sugar Baby were sensitive to water salinity greater than 0.3 dS m-1, with more pronounced inhibition of gas exchange, growth, and production. Reduction in the CO2 assimilation rate of watermelon plants cv. Sugar Baby was associated with factors of stomatal and non-stomatal origin. Phosphorous doses corresponding to 73 and 88% of the recommended values promoted an increase in the intercellular CO2 concentration and stem diameter of mini-watermelon plants. P2O5 doses ranging from 60 to 120% of the recommendation did not mitigate the effects of salt stress on the cultivation of watermelon cv. Sugar Baby.

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Growth and gas exchange of soursop under salt stress and hydrogen peroxide application

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n2p119-125 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 119-125

Author(s):

Luana L. de S. A. Veloso ◽

André A. R. da Silva ◽

Geovani S. de Lima ◽

Carlos A. V. de Azevedo ◽

Hans R. Gheyi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Plant Height ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Absolute Growth

ABSTRACT The cultivation of irrigated soursop in semiarid Northeastern Brazil highlights the need for information regarding its responses to the salinity of irrigation water and the use of techniques that allow its exploration, such as the use of hydrogen peroxide. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the effect of soaking of seeds and foliar application of hydrogen peroxide on soursop plant growth and physiology under conditions of salt stress. The study was conducted in lysimeters in a greenhouse, and the treatments were distributed in a randomized block design and 4 × 4 factorial scheme, with four values of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water - ECw (0.7, 1.7, 2.7, and 3.7 dS m-1) and four concentrations of H2O2 (0, 25, 50, and 75 μM), with three replicates and one plant per plot. H2O2 concentrations were applied via seed imbibition and foliar spray. Irrigation with water from 0.7 dS m-1 impairs gas exchange and absolute growth rates of plant height and stem diameter and relative growth rate in height of soursop plants. Concentrations of 35, 33 and 23 µM of hydrogen peroxide favored the relative and absolute growth rates of plant height and transpiration, respectively. Compared to the aerial part, the root of soursop plants is more affected when irrigated with water from 1.6 dS m-1.

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Phytomass and quality of yellow passion fruit seedlings under salt stress and silicon fertilization

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v11i0.3400 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. e3400

Author(s):

Genilson Lima Diniz ◽

Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽

Geovani Soares de Lima ◽

Leandro de Pádua Souza ◽

Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Block Design ◽

Passion Fruit ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

Silicon Fertilization ◽

Plant Nursery

The semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil is characterized by long drought periods, and the use of saline waters appears as an alternative for the expansion of irrigated areas. Associated with the use of these waters, silicon fertilization constitutes an important attenuator of salt stress. In this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the phytomass production and quality of the passion fruit cultivar ‘Gigante Amarelo’ grown with saline water and silicon fertilization. The experiment was conducted in a plant nursery belonging to the Center of Agrifood Science and Technology, in the municipality of Pombal-PB. A completely randomized block design in a 5 x 5 factorial scheme was used, referring to five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.3, 1.0, 1.7, 2.4, and 3.1 dS m-1) and five doses of silicon fertilization (0; 25; 50; 75, and 100 g of potassium silicate/plant), with four replications and two plants per plot. The phytomass accumulation (leaves, stem, and roots), as well as the total dry phytomass, shoot dry phytomass, root/shoot ratio, and the quality index of Dickson were evaluated. The data obtained were subjected to the F-test at 0.01 and 0.05 level of probability. The electrical conductivity of water from 0.3 dS m-1 caused the decrease of phytomass production in seedlings of the passion fruit cultivar ‘Gigante Amarelo’, although it is possible to produce good quality passion fruit seedlings with water salinity up to 3.1 dS m-1. The doses of silicon fertilization mitigated the effect of salt stress on the root/shoot ratio of plants of the passion fruit cultivar ‘Gigante Amarelo’.

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GAS EXCHANGE, CHLOROPLAST PIGMENTS AND GROWTH OF PASSION FRUIT CULTIVATED WITH SALINE WATER AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION 1

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252020v33n120rc ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 184-194

Author(s):

GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA ◽

COSMO GUSTAVO JACOME FERNANDES ◽

LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS SOARES ◽

HANS RAJ GHEYI ◽

PEDRO DANTAS FERNANDES

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Saline Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Co2 Assimilation ◽

Passion Fruit ◽

Water Salinity ◽

Chloroplast Pigments ◽

Potassium Fertilization ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Fruit Plants

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the gas exchange, chloroplast pigments and growth of ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ passion fruit as a function of irrigation with saline water and potassium fertilization in the seedling formation stage. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in the municipality of Pombal-PB, Brazil. A randomized block design was used in 5 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to five levels of water electrical conductivity - ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7 and 3.5 dS m-1) and two doses of potassium - KD (50 and 100% of the recommendation), with four replicates and two plants per plot. Water salinity from 0.3 dS m-1 reduced the stomatal opening, transpiration, CO2 assimilation and inhibited the growth of ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ passion fruit plants, at 40 days after sowing. There was no CO2 restriction in the substomatal cavity of passion fruit plants grown under water salinity from 0.3 dS m-1. Potassium dose of 150 mg kg-1 of soil, corresponding to 100%, intensified the effect of salt stress on the assimilation rate and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency in 'BRS Rubi do Cerrado' passion fruit. There was interaction between water salinity levels and potassium doses for the chlorophyll a and b contents of 'BRS Rubi do Cerrado' passion fruit.

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Potassium fertilization and irrigation with treated wastewater on gas exchange of colored cotton

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n11p741-746 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 741-746 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Breno L. de C. Lima ◽

Ênio F. de F. e Silva ◽

Hugo R. B. Santos ◽

Edivan R. de Souza

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Block Design ◽

Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Potassium Fertilization ◽

Cotton Plants ◽

Colored Cotton ◽

Naturally Colored Cotton

ABSTRACT The use of treated domestic wastewater in agriculture is promising because it contains essential nutrients for crops, especially for cotton plants. Information on leaf gas exchanges helps to understand the responses of plants to different water and nutrient managements, since they directly affect physiological processes. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of potassium fertilization and irrigation with treated wastewater on the gas exchange of naturally colored cotton plants grown in the semi-arid region of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, providing a reference for evaluations of responses of cotton plants to abiotic factors. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, in a 5 × 5 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The treatments consisted of five potassium rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200% of the recommended rate for the crop) and five irrigation depths (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150% of the evapotranspiration of the crop). The highest stomatal conductance, transpiration, net assimilation rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, and carboxylation efficiency were found in irrigated plants with 110, 99, 117, 150, and 113% of ETc, combined with the potassium rates of 96, 113, 97, 100, and 100% of the recommendation rate for the crop, respectively. The increase in irrigation depths increased the diffusion of CO2 of the plants. The highest instantaneous water-use efficiency was found with the irrigation of 150% of ETc without potassium fertilization. According to the interaction between irrigation depths and potassium rates, the most efficient potassium rate for naturally colored cotton depends on the irrigation depth applied.

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Initial growth of zucchini irrigated with saline water in soil with biofertilizers

Revista Agro mbiente On-line ◽

10.18227/1982-8470ragro.v15i0.6910 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Juvenaldo Florentino Canjá ◽

Josimar De Azevedo ◽

Geocleber Gomes de Sousa ◽

Clarissa Lima Magalhães ◽

Thales Vinícius De Araújo Viana

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Plant Height ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Number Of Leaves

Zucchini culture is slightly sensitive to salinity and is among the ten vegetables of highest economic value, with characteristics of precocity and easy cultivation. These characteristics are some of the reasons for the expansion of its cultivation among small producers. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different levels of salinity in the irrigation water and biofertilizer types on the initial growth of the zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) culture. The experiment was carried out in the full sunlight in a randomized block design, in a 5x2 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of a combination of five types of biofertilizers (quail, sheep, mixed, bovine, and crab) and two salinity levels of the irrigation water (0.8 and 2.5 dS m-1), with five replicates. At 30 days after transplanting, the following variables were evaluated: electrical conductivity of the substrate, plant height, number of leaves, roots length, stem diameter, leaf area, chlorophyll content, dry mass of the aerial part, root dry mass, and total dry mass. Salt stress negatively interferes with the accumulation of zucchini plant biomass. Quail, bovine, and sheep biofertilizers are more efficient about plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter. The sheep biofertilizer attenuates the salt stress for the dry mass of the aerial part, the root, and the total dry mass.

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Physiological indices and growth of ‘Gigante Amarelo’ passion fruit under salt stress and silicate fertilization

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n12p814-821 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 814-821

Author(s):

Genilson L. Diniz ◽

Reginaldo G. Nobre ◽

Geovani S. de Lima ◽

Leandro de P. Souza ◽

Hans R. Gheyi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Saline Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Co2 Assimilation ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

Passion Fruit ◽

Physiological Indices ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Fruit Plants

ABSTRACT Abiotic stresses are responsible for the loss of agricultural production in different regions, especially in semiarid regions, which have long periods of drought and high evapotranspiration, leading to the use of saline water as an alternative for the expansion of irrigated areas. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the physiological indices and the growth of the ‘Gigante Amarelo’ passion fruit as a function of the salinity of irrigation water and fertilization with silicon. A randomized block design was used in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, whose treatments consisted of five electrical conductivities of irrigation water - ECw (0.3; 1.0; 1.7, 2.4 and 3.1 dS m-1) associated with two doses of silicion (150 and 300 g of silicon plant-1) with four repetitions. Salt stress causes changes in gas exchange, chlorophyll a and b synthesis and growth of ‘Gigante Amarelo’ passion fruit plants, 60 days after transplanting. Fertilization with silicon dose of 300 g plant-1 promotes increments in CO2 assimilation rate and instantaneous water use efficiency, being able to mitigate the deleterious effects of salinity. Passion fruit plants fertilized with silicon dose of 300 g plant-1 attained greater growth in stem diameter and relative growth rate in stem diameter, from 30 to 60 days after transplanting.

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GAS EXCHANGE AND CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE OF CITRUS ROOTSTOCK VARIETIES UNDER SALT STRESS

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452016951 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

Author(s):

MARCOS ERIC BARBOSA BRITO ◽

FRANCISCO VANIES DA SILVA SÁ ◽

WLATER DOS SANTOS SOARES FILHO ◽

LUDERLÂNDIO DE ANDRADE SILVA ◽

PEDRO DANTAS FERNANDES

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Physiological Stress ◽

Block Design ◽

Saline Stress ◽

Santa Cruz ◽

Rangpur Lime ◽

Rough Lemon ◽

Volkamer Lemon ◽

Citrus Rootstock

ABSTRACT High salt concentration in water are common in Brazilian semirad region, being important to research alternatives for use this waters on crop, like use of tolerant genotypes to salinity. Thus, in order to evaluate the saline stress perception of citrus rootstocks varieties crop from gas exchange and fluorescence analysis, an experiment was realized in greenhouse at the Center for Science and Technology Agrifood, CCTA, of Federal University of Campina Grande, UFCG, Pombal, PB, Brazil. It was studied in a randomized block design with factorial scheme (2x4), two salinity levels (0.3 and 4.0 dSm-1) and four varieties of citrus rootstocks [1 -common Sunki mandarin (TSKC), 2 - Florida Rough lemon (LRF), 3 -Santa Cruz Rangpur lime (LCRSTC) and 4-Volkamer lemon (LVK)], with three replications. The citrus rootstocks varieties grown on hydroponic system and at 90 days after sowing the plants were evaluated by gas exchange and PSII fluorescence at 0, 24 and 48 hours after application of treatments to determine the times for the physiological establishment of salt stress. The first 48h under saline conditions promoted changes in gas exchange and PSII fluorescence in varieties TSKC, LRF and LCRSTC indicating the begin of physiological stress; the common ‘Sunki’ mandarin and the ‘Florida Rough’ lemon are the more sensitive genotypes to saline stress, in order hand the ‘Santa Cruz Rangpur’ lime and ‘Volkamer’ lemon are the genotypes more tolerant.

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