Mulching effect on soil temperature, weed management, growth and flower yield in rose (Rosa hybrida L.)

ABSTRACT: The objectives of the study were to analyze the effect of sawdust mulch on the: (1) soil characteristics; (2) growth and flower yield of the anthurium cv. 'Apalai'. Assay was conducted in a totally randomized design in subdivided plots, with five treatments and eight replications. The treatment consisted of five volumes of sawdust 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80L m-2, distributed over the bed, every three months. Soil, plants and flower stalks were evaluated during two years. Soil temperature, moisture, organic matter, bulk density and water retention conditions were improved, while the leaf area of plants and the yield of flower stalks were increased when the soil were mulched with sawdust. In addition to increasing soil organic matter, however, no change occurred in the level of nutrients in plants. Sawdust also improved the dimension of flower stalks. Application of 40L m-2 of sawdust every three months is recommended.

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Influence of fluctuating temperatures on emergence of shattercane (Sorghum bicolor) and giant foxtail (Setaria faberi)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500089505 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 330-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

George O. Kegode ◽

R. Brent Pearce ◽

Ted B. Bailey

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Weed Management ◽

Crop Production ◽

Production Systems ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Temperature Fluctuations ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Giant Foxtail ◽

Emergence Patterns

Understanding patterns of shattercane and giant foxtail field emergence during the spring and summer in the Midwest is important to determine the best weed management programs for crop production systems. The primary objective of this study was to determine percentage emergence of shattercane and giant foxtail under field conditions as influenced by soil temperature fluctuations, in 1992 and 1993. A secondary objective was to determine the difference in emergence percentage based on shattercane and giant foxtail seed lots harvested in different years (1985, 1991, and 1992). Soil temperature fluctuations were manipulated by artificially shading the soil surface with plastic netting that provided 30, 60, and 90% of incident sunlight in addition to the full sunlight control (0% shade). Giant foxtail and shattercane seed was planted at depths of 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 cm under each shade, and emergence was monitored for 45 d. Soil temperature fluctuations were reduced by increasing depth and amount of shade. Increasing depth of seed significantly reduced percentage emergence by 63 and 54% for shattercane, and 71 and 73% for giant foxtail in 1992 and 1993, respectively. Decreasing light intensity significantly reduced percentage emergence of shattercane by 72 and 73% in 1992 and 1993, respectively, but did not decrease giant foxtail emergence. Seed lots of both species were different from one another both years. These results were consistent over years, even though 1993 precipitation was three times that for 1992. Therefore, shattercane seed uses diurnal fluctuations in temperature to sense proximity to the soil surface and covering vegetation to avoid germination when conditions are unfavorable for growth. In contrast, giant foxtail seed can germinate readily and grow when environmental conditions are within an acceptable range and when seed is not buried too deeply. Differences in percentage emergence between seed lots could play a major role in emergence patterns of shattercane and giant foxtail observed in the field and may be influenced by environmental conditions during seed development on parent plants.

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Soil temperature and horticultural traits as influenced by mulching materials and orchard floor management practices in ber (Zizypus mauritiana Lamk.)

Journal of Agrometeorology ◽

10.54386/jam.v22i4.475 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 201-508

Author(s):

J.S. BRAR ◽

K.S. GILL ◽

KIRANDEEP KAUR ◽

GAGANDEEP KAUR

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Winter Season ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

North West ◽

Fruit Drop ◽

Horticultural Traits ◽

Investigation Period ◽

And Control

Different type of mulches viz. paddy straw mulch (PSM), black polythene mulch (BPM), and white polythene mulch (WPM) were spreaded under the canopies of Indian ber (Zizypus mauritiana Lamk.) trees in second fortnight of October. The treatments of inter-cultivation (IC) and chemical weed management (CWM), and control trees were also kept for comparative analysis. The daily soil temperature recorded at 0900, 1200, 1400 and 1700 hours from October to April months during 2018-19 and 2019-20 revealed significant variations under different treatments. The respective soil temperature variation during 1st and 2nd year was minimum (9.2 and 9.9 oC) under PSM as compared to 16.5 oC in control plots throughout the investigation period. The soil temperature under PSM was higher during extreme winters whereas, it was comparatively lower during pre and post-winter season as compared to other treatments.The variations in intra-day average soil temperature during the months of October-November and again in March-April was higher than in December-February; the period of extreme winters. Significant reduction in physiological fruit drop was recorded under all the treatments with minimum fruit drop under PSM followed by BPM, while it was maximum in control trees. Likewise, fruit weight and fruit yield was also recorded highest under PSM followed by BPM treatments. The microbes in the rhizopshere of mulched trees with PSM followed by BPM exhibited highest and sustained activity from from Otober to April month under North-West Indian conditions.

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Weed suppression with hydramulch, a biodegradable liquid paper mulch in development

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1079/raf2006154 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 216-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J.P. Warnick ◽

C.A. Chase ◽

E.N. Rosskopf ◽

E.H. Simonne ◽

J.M. Scholberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Organic Production ◽

Weed Suppression ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

North Central ◽

Purple Nutsedge ◽

Polyethylene Mulch

AbstractCost-effective, laborsaving, and environmentally sound weed management practices are needed for sustainable vegetable production. Organic production, in particular, precludes the use of synthetic herbicides and requires that organic farmers utilize practices that reduce harmful environmental impact. Although polyethylene film mulch is used extensively in vegetable production in Florida, its use has a number of drawbacks, among which is the susceptibility of opaque polyethylene mulch to penetration by yellow and purple nutsedge. Appreciable labor and disposal/environmental costs are associated with its removal. A durable mulch material that would effectively control nutsedge and other weeds but with no associated environmental and disposal costs is highly desirable. Hydramulch, a paper-like material applied as a slurry consisting of cotton waste, newsprint, gypsum and a proprietary adhesive, was tested as a biodegradable alternative to polyethylene mulch during the spring of 2003. Experiments were conducted in southeastern and north-central Florida to compare the effects of three hydramulch formulations, polyethylene mulch and a no mulch control on soil temperature, soil moisture and weed infestation. Soil temperature under hydramulch was 1–4°C lower than that under polyethylene. In the absence of rain, the use of hydramulch resulted in soil moisture levels that were 1–4% lower than with polyethylene mulch. Higher soil moisture with hydramulch than polyethylene was coincident with rainfall. Hydramulch remained intact on most beds and suppressed broadleaf weeds and grasses, particularly at the north-central site where the mulch was applied at a greater thickness. However, purple nutsedge readily penetrated hydramulch. Therefore, hydramulch may be applicable for use for the suppression of broadleaf weeds and grasses at sites with little or no nutsedge pressure in fall or in crops for which cooler soils are desirable or crops that are rainfed or overhead irrigated.

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Peer Review #2 of "Mulch and groundcover effects on soil temperature and moisture, surface reflectance, grapevine water potential, and vineyard weed management (v0.1)"

10.7287/peerj.5082v0.1/reviews/2 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Water Potential ◽

Peer Review ◽

Weed Management ◽

Surface Reflectance ◽

Soil Temperature And Moisture

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High-pressure Sodium Radiation during Off-peak Nighttimes Increases Cut Rose Production and Quality

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.6.938 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 938-940

Author(s):

Douglas A. Hopper

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Rosa Hybrida ◽

Stem Length ◽

Cut Flower ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Flower Yield ◽

Cut Flower Yield ◽

One Year ◽

Cut Rose

One-year-old plants of four cut rose (Rosa hybrida L.) cultivars were grown under either natural or supplemental irradiance for 4 months during the winter in Colorado. Supplemental irradiance with high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps was supplied at 100 μmol·m–2·s–1 for 10 h each night during off-peak electrical use periods. Total cut flower yield, stem length, and fresh weight of individual flowers were recorded. The number of flowers produced and fresh weight increased for all cultivars under the supplemental irradiance treatment. Flower count, stem length, and fresh weight showed significant differences among the four 4-week production periods; production differences were promoted through pinches of two stems per plant to time for holiday peaks. When production was highest, stem length and fresh weight were lower, most likely due to redistribution of the limited carbohydrate pool during the winter.

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