scholarly journals Proces romanizacije u prvom stoljeću nove ere u unutrašnjosti rimske provincije Dalmacije / The process of Romanisation in the inland of the Roman province of Dalmatia in the 1st century

2017 ◽  
pp. 78-89
Author(s):  
Amra Šačić Beća
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Roman Province

In contemporary Roman historiography and archaeology the process of Romanisation is studied from two opposite viewpoints. Post-processualists and structuralists usually define Romanisation as a construct of Mommsen’s school of thought, whereas traditionalists believe that the process of Romanisation is one of the evident cultural and political processes that marked the Roman civilisation. For traditionalists it represents a process of cultural transformation that helped indigenous communities to integrate into the Roman Empire. Perhaps the best solution to this problem was offered by Curchin who believes that instead of giving up on the term Romanisation it’s better to deconstruct this term and revise it as a useful descriptor of an important cultural process in the Roman world. The inland of the Roman province of Dalmatia can serve as an exact example of the methodological analysis of the aforementioned historiographical problem. Although the 1  century in Dalmatia was marked by construction undertakings of Publius Cornelius Dolabella, the basic parameters of Romanisation in the inland can be observed not until under the Flavian dynasty. This is the period of first municipia in the inland: municipium Bist(uensium), municipium Malvesiatum, municipium Raetinum, municipium Arupium, municipium Doclea. We observe that local, preRoman aristocracy continues to reign in these municipia as part of the Roman administrative  machinery. Therefore, even with Roman citizenship, indigenous elite did not renounce their  pre-Roman identity. This can be inferred from epigraphic monuments of decuriones from the  abovementioned municipia who, although being granted Roman citizenship, retained onomastic  elements of Western Balkans (Illyrian) origin within their nomenclature (Bato, Blodus, Tatta,  Epicadus, Laedio , Aplius and Annia). Local aristocracy evidently played a key role in spreading  the Roman political power, because it took over the role of military prefects under the Julio Claudian dynasty.

Gender, Memory, and Identity in the Roman World

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Roman History ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Imperial Rome ◽  
The Past ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Close Relationship

This volume approaches three key concepts in Roman history — gender, memory and identity — and demonstrates the significance of their interaction in all social levels and during all periods of Imperial Rome. When societies, as well as individuals, form their identities, remembrance and references to the past play a significant role. The aim of Gender, Memory, and Identity in the Roman World is to cast light on the constructing and the maintaining of both public and private identities in the Roman Empire through memory, and to highlight, in particular, the role of gender in that process. While approaching this subject, the contributors to this volume scrutinise both the literature and material sources, pointing out how widespread the close relationship between gender, memory and identity was. A major aim of Gender, Memory, and Identity in the Roman World as a whole is to point out the significance of the interaction between these three concepts in both the upper and lower levels of Roman society, and how it remained an important question through the period from Augustus right into Late Antiquity.

Egypt in the Graeco–Roman World: from Ptolemaic Kingdom to Roman Province

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan K. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Alexander The Great ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
Roman Province ◽  
The Military

This chapter examines the changes in Egypt in the Graeco-Roman world during the Hellenistic and Roman periods following the death of Alexander the Great. It explains that these periods highlight episodes of military aggression, conquest, and annexation during the struggles of the Successors of Alexander and the Roman takeover of the Hellenistic kingdoms. The analysis of the changes in the role of the elites, the exploitation of the material resources, and the character of the military presence reveal that they are all expressions of the ways in which the coming of Roman rule brought change to Egypt and their effect was cumulative and which had begun before Egypt was annexed and made into a Roman province.

“Who is his mother so I can curse him?”: The role of the mother as a passive (dangerous) medium on curse tablets

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 353-362
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Private Action ◽  
The Family ◽  
The One

Abstract Curse tablets are artefacts of a very specific nature. They are generally interpreted as material expression of a particular magic action, usually performed by an individual. Such finds are especially interesting for the study because they represent an epigraphic monument, on the one hand, as well as a standard archaeological find with its specific context on the other hand. A particularly interesting phenomenon is visible on curse tablets throughout the Mediterranean – the presence of mother's name to identify the victim of the curse. The “boom” of this phenomenon occurs in the 2nd century AD, but there also are much older examples, particularly from the 4th and 3rd century BC. In the 2nd century AD, the identification of the mother spread to Italy and the African provinces, where this kind of targeting became dominant. In my paper, I will focus on the later, Latin and Greek curse tablets in the Roman Empire. Mothers' names were assigned to identify a particular person: This is interesting because patronyms were usually used in the Greco-Roman world as the identifier. The purposes of the curse tablets bearing the mother's name were thus different: the tablets were used in cases of private action in competition, love or trials linked to family affairs – all within a ritual framework. For this reason, this paper aims to observe the curse tablets as an important medium of the ritual practice which should enable us to answer the questions: Why should the name of the father, which is usually used, be replaced by the name of the mother? Could the reason for such replacement be the recognition of the mother as a mediator for targeting her child? Is this the most precise identification, as the mother is more accurately identifiable than the father? What does it tell us about the care-giving function of the mother within the family and about the authors of the curse tablets?

Nerva as Supreme Military Commander

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan T. Elkins
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Military Commander ◽  
Broad Audience ◽  
Historical Representations

As Nerva’s coinage has been studied almost exclusively with historical hindsight, and with the biases of later historians in mind, there is an impulse to read Nerva’s “weak” character into his coinage. This bias is most pronounced on his coinage bearing military themes, which are interpreted as “apologetic,” “hopeful,” or a “desperate plea” to the army to forestall mutiny. State-sanctioned art did not operate in this way and always presented the emperor positively. Reinterpreted in the context of historical representations, the martial imagery on the coinage was traditional and to be expected of the emperor, who had always played the role of supreme military commander. Although often understood as courting the sympathies of the army, many types are excessively rare, suggesting they had little communicative potential in the Roman world. Those proclaiming the “harmony of the armies” are common throughout the Roman Empire and spoke to a broad audience.

scholarly journals Anubis in the “Isiac Family” in the Hellenistic and Roman World

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 529-548
Author(s):  
Giulia Sfameni Gasparro
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Hellenistic World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Religious Meaning ◽  
Roman Age

Summary The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of Anubis as a member of the “Isiac Family” (Isis–Osiris/Sarapis–Horus/Harpokrates–Anubis) during the Hellenistic and Roman age. A new religious-historical analysis allows us to detect more or less profound changes of Anubis' ancient religious meaning due to the transfer from Egypt to Greece and Rome. The spread of this cult from its motherland to the Hellenistic world and subsequently to the Roman Empire caused, as well, the creation of its new religious identity.

scholarly journals Pons et cella penaria – Die Bedeutung Siziliens für die Entwicklung des Imperium Romanum ausgehend von Ciceros „Verrinen“

2021 ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Kleyhons
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Roman History ◽  
Marcus Tullius Cicero ◽  
Roman Province ◽  
New System

Pons et cella penaria – The importance of Sicily for the formation of the Roman Empire on the basis of Ciceros “In Verrem”In the year 70 BCE, one of the most renowned trials in Roman history took place: The lawsuit of Gaius Verres, former propraetor of the Roman province Sicilia. Marcus Tullius Cicero, taking up the role of the claimant in this trial, wrote a series of speeches against Verres (“In Verrem”). Therein he stated, among other things, the importance of Sicily for the Roman Empire. As the first Roman province, it introduced the Romans to a new system of governing foreign territory. It functioned as a “bridge” for the conquest of Carthage and, finally, it fed the Roman population and its army. The following paper will examine each of these three steps, as well as use them as a framework to discuss the role of Sicily for the formation of the Roman Empire.

scholarly journals Subversive Faith and Competition in Patronage: A Note on ΠίΣΤΙΣ in Mark

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter-Ben Smit
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Gospel Of Mark ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
General Picture ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
The People ◽  
Christian Discourse

Abstract In her influential monograph Roman Faith and Christian Faith: Pistis and Fides in the Early Roman Empire and Early Churches, Theresa Morgan has convincingly shown how closely the early Christian discourse on ‘faith’ was bound up with similar notions in the broader Greco-Roman world, particularly in relation to the system of patronage, with both humans and deities fulfilling the role of (trustworthy and trusted) patrons. Thus, she has shifted attention from πίστις/fides as a primarily ‘theological’ notion to an interpretation along more ‘social’ lines and situated it in realm of human and divine/human relations. She also analyses this in relation to the Gospel of Mark, showing how Mark also fits this general picture. This note builds on Morgan’s work and will further develop one aspect of Mark’s use of the language (and concept) of patronage and πίστις. This is its subversive character, which is present to a lesser extent in Morgan's work; by calling for πίστις directed to him on the part of the people that he encounters, Jesus also draws these people away from other allegiances and ‘πίστις commitments’, that is, intersubjective relationships based on trust and leading to personal allegiance.

Directions and Perspectives of Political-Economic Studies

2008 ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
A. Libman
Keyword(s):  
International Political Economy ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Policy Studies ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Economic Studies

The paper surveys the main directions of political-economic research, i.e. variants of economic and political approaches endogenizing political processes in economic models and applying economic methods to policy studies. It analyses different versions of political-economic research in different segments of scientific community: political economics, evolutionary theory of economic policy, international political economy, formal political science and theory of economic power; main methodological assumptions, content and results of positive studies are described. The author also considers the role of political-economic approach in the normative research in economics.

Perhambaan Tradisional di Borneo Utara Zaman Kesultanan Sulu & Brunei

Sains Insani ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Aping Sajok
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
North Borneo ◽  
Official Records

This study is related to the practice of slavery happened in indigenous communities in North Borneo since under the rule of the Sultanate of Sulu and Brunei. The aim of this study to see how slavery is considered as a unique practice and the slave role in daily life, including the type of slaves and relationship between the slave and their owners. This study will use information about slavery in North Borneo which are available from various sources such as diary, Official records of British North Borneo Chartered Company (BNBCC), Reports, News paper, Microfilm, books and articles. Slavery in North Borneo basically influenced by the role of datu’s and pengiran of the Sulu Sultanate and Brunei which sparked demand for slaves. This causes a form of slavery that occurred in the indigenous tribes such as Suluk, Bajau, Iranun, Dusun and Murut. The practice of slavery grow rapidly along with pirate activities which are intertwined with the slave trading in the Borneo sea. However, before settling by James Brooke in Sarawak and BNBCC in North Borneo, the abolition of slavery activities was implemented. Keywords: Slavery, Sulu, Brunei, Native, History, North Borneo, Abstrak: Kajian ini adalah berkaitan dengan amalan perhambaan yang berlaku dalam masyarakat peribumi di Borneo Utara sejak dibawah pengaruh Kesultanan Sulu dan Brunei. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana amalan perhambaan dianggap sebagai sebuah amalan yang unik dan peranan golongan hamba tersebut dalam kehidupan harian termasuklah jenis hamba dan bentuk hubungan di antara hamba itu sendiri dan pemilik hamba. Kajian ini akan menggunakan maklumat mengenai perhambaan di Borneo Utara yang boleh didapati daripada pelbagai sumber seperti catatan diari pegawai British, rekod-rekod Syarikat Berpiagam Borneo Utara British (SBBUB), laporan, akhbar, Mikrofilem, Buku-buku dan Artikel yang telah dihasilkan oleh sarjana awal. Perhambaan di Borneo Utara pada dasarnya banyak dipengaruhi oleh peranan pembesar daripada Kesultanan Sulu dan Brunei yang mencetuskan permintaan terhadap hamba. Hal tersebut menyebabkan wujud perhambaan yang berlaku dalam suku peribumi seperti Suluk, Bajau, Iranun, Dusun dan Murut. Amalan ini berkembang pesat bersama dengan aktiviti perlanunan yang saling berkait dengan perdagangan hamba di sekitar perairan Borneo. Namun demikian, menjelang pertapakan James Brooke di Sarawak serta SBBUB di Borneo Utara, penghapusan aktiviti perhambaan ini telah dijalankan. Kata kunci: Perhambaan, Sulu, Brunei, Peribumi, Sejarah, Borneo Utara,

Nimíciwinán, nipimátisiwinán – “Our food is our way of life”: On-Reserve First Nation perspectives on community food security and sovereignty through oral history in Fisher River Cree Nation, Manitoba

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailesh Shukla ◽  
Jazmin Alfaro ◽  
Carol Cochrane ◽  
Cindy Garson ◽  
Gerald Mason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Community Food Security ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
Indigenous Foods ◽  
Oral History Interviews

Food insecurity in Indigenous communities in Canada continue to gain increasing attention among scholars, community practitioners, and policy makers. Meanwhile, the role and importance of Indigenous foods, associated knowledges, and perspectives of Indigenous peoples (Council of Canadian Academies, 2014) that highlight community voices in food security still remain under-represented and under-studied in this discourse. University of Winnipeg (UW) researchers and Fisher River Cree Nation (FRCN) representatives began an action research partnership to explore Indigenous knowledges associated with food cultivation, production, and consumption practices within the community since 2012. The participatory, place-based, and collaborative case study involved 17 oral history interviews with knowledge keepers of FRCN. The goal was to understand their perspectives of and challenges to community food security, and to explore the potential role of Indigenous food knowledges in meeting community food security needs. In particular, the role of land-based Indigenous foods in meeting community food security through restoration of health, cultural values, identity, and self-determination were emphasized by the knowledge keepers—a vision that supports Indigenous food sovereignty. The restorative potential of Indigenous food sovereignty in empowering individuals and communities is well-acknowledged. It can nurture sacred relationships and actions to renew and strengthen relationships to the community’s own Indigenous land-based foods, previously weakened by colonialism, globalization, and neoliberal policies.

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