Soft Tissue Tumor

Soft tissue tumors are a heterogeneous group of benign and malignant lesions that develop from a variety of nonepithelial, extraskeletal elements, including adipose tissue, smooth and skeletal muscle, tendons, cartilage, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, and lymphatic structures. The writing of this article includes various sources originating from scientific journals and government guidelines and related agencies. Source searches were carried out on online portals for journal publications such as Med Scape Google Scholar (scholar.google.com) and the National Centre for Biotechnology Information/NCBI (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), with the keyword “Sensoric Nerve Trauma”. Soft tissue tumors (STT) can be benign or malignant, and benign soft tissue tumors are more common than malignant tumors with a ratio of 100: 1. In a study of 93 cases of soft tissue tumors, it was found that the incidence of benign tumors was 75.2% and malignant tumors were 24.8%. Soft tissue tumors are associated with genetic conditions, radiation, chronic lymphedema, environmental carcinogens, and infections.

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Significance of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Markers for Benign and Malignant Soft Tissue Tumors

10.21203/rs.3.rs-46074/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kunihiro Asanuma ◽

Tomoki Nakamura ◽

Tomohito Hagi ◽

Takayuki Okamoto ◽

Kouji Kita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Clinicopathological Parameters ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Benign Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

Abstract Background: The intimate relationship between coagulation and fibrinolysis in malignant tumors is a well-known phenomena, with the malignant phenotype enhancing coagulation and fibrinolysis. We hypothesized that soft tissue sarcoma (STS) affects the expression of coagulation and fibrinolysis markers, which could be used to distinguish STS from benign soft tissue tumors. We analyzed the correlations between plasma levels of D-dimer (DD), plasmin-α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), soluble fibrin (SF), and thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) in benign soft tissue tumors and STS to elucidate whether these markers can be used to predict STS.Methods: Plasma DD, PIC, SF and TAT levels in primary soft tissue tumors (benign, 67, STS 68) were measured before biopsy or treatment. The marker levels were analyzed and compared to various clinicopathological parameters.Results: In malignancy (STS), the average DD, PIC and SF levels were significantly higher than in benign tumors. Multivariate logistic analysis of continuous variables indicated that only PIC exhibited a significant difference (OR: 24.5, 95%CI: 3.55-170, p=0.0012). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis produced area under the curve values for DD: 0.691, PIC: 0.784, SF: 0.734 and TAT: 0.588. Youden’s index was used to establish thresholds of 0.37 (DD), 0.80 (PIC), 0.90 (SF) and 0.82 (TAT). Threshold values for PIC and SF indicated high specificity (0.881, 0.791) and high positive predictive value (0.818, 0.745), respectively The highest accuracy value among the markers was observed for PIC (0.704). Significant differences in multivariate analysis of binary variables were demonstrated by categorizing low and high groups based on their threshold, PIC (≥0.80) (OR: 3.36, 95%CI: 1.19-9.43, p=0.0212) and SF (≥0.90) (OR: 2.63, 95%CI: 1.04-6.66, p=0.0404) . Conclusions: Of the coagulation and fibrinolysis markers studied, increased PIC levels were related to STS and over 0.80 PIC was the most suitable for the prediction of STS, which, along with other diagnostic tools, represents a helpful subsidiary tool for the prediction of STS.

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Significance of coagulation and fibrinolysis markers for benign and malignant soft tissue tumors

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-08091-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kunihiro Asanuma ◽

Tomoki Nakamura ◽

Tomohito Hagi ◽

Takayuki Okamoto ◽

Kouji Kita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Clinicopathological Parameters ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Benign Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

Abstract Background The intimate relationship between coagulation and fibrinolysis in malignant tumors is a well-known phenomena, with the malignant phenotype enhancing coagulation and fibrinolysis. We hypothesized that soft tissue sarcoma (STS) affects the expression of coagulation and fibrinolysis markers, which could be used to distinguish STS from benign soft tissue tumors. We analyzed the correlations between plasma levels of D-dimer (DD), plasmin-α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), soluble fibrin (SF), and thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) in benign soft tissue tumors and STS to elucidate whether these markers can be used to predict STS. Methods Plasma DD, PIC, SF and TAT levels in primary soft tissue tumors (benign 67, STS 68) were measured before biopsy or treatment. The marker levels were analyzed and compared to various clinicopathological parameters. Results In malignancy (STS), the average DD, PIC and SF levels were significantly higher than in benign tumors. Multivariate logistic analysis of continuous variables indicated that only PIC exhibited a significant difference (OR: 24.5, 95%CI: 3.55–170, p = 0.0012). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis produced area under the curve values for DD: 0.691, PIC: 0.784, SF: 0.734 and TAT: 0.588. Youden’s index was used to establish thresholds of 0.37 (DD), 0.80 (PIC), 0.90 (SF) and 0.82 (TAT). Threshold values for PIC and SF indicated high specificity (0.881, 0.791) and high positive predictive value (0.818, 0.745), respectively. The highest accuracy value among the markers was observed for PIC (0.704). Significant differences in multivariate analysis of binary variables were demonstrated by categorizing low and high groups based on their threshold, PIC (≥0.80) (OR: 3.36, 95%CI: 1.19–9.43, p = 0.0212) and SF (≥0.90) (OR: 2.63, 95%CI: 1.04–6.66, p = 0.0404) . Conclusions Of the coagulation and fibrinolysis markers studied, increased PIC levels were related to STS and over 0.80 PIC was the most suitable for the prediction of STS, which, along with other diagnostic tools, represents a helpful subsidiary tool for the prediction of STS.

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Role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174565 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 4395

Author(s):

Jasmeen Gulzar ◽

Syed Besina Yasin ◽

Subuh Parvez Khan ◽

Naheena Bashir

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Age Groups ◽

Malignant Lesion ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Diagnostic Modality ◽

Specificity And Sensitivity ◽

Benign Soft Tissue Tumors

Background: Soft tissue tumors constitute a large and heterogenous group of neoplasms. Benign tumors out number their malignant counterparts by a ratio of about 100:1 in hospital population. FNAC has emerged as a major outpatient procedure for the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors due to low cost of the procedure, less complications, feasibility, quick results and high therapeutic efficiency with specificity and sensitivity of approximately 95%. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC of soft tissue tumors in distinguishing benign and malignant lesion is also very high. The objectives of this study were to study the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors and its correlation with histopathology. Also, this study aimed at studying various cytomorphological patterns of soft tissue tumors and correlating cytological grading with histopathological grading.Methods: It was a hospital based study of 5 years which included 479 patients of all age groups, clinically presenting with soft tissue swellings. FNAC was performed. Smears were stained with Papanicolaou (PAP)/May Grunwald Geimsa (MGG). The cytological details of soft tissue tumors were studied and broadly classified into benign, malignant and indeterminate and suspicious. Cytomorphological subtyping and grading of tumors on FNAC was done. The cytological findings were correlated with the histopathological results, wherever available.Results: Benign tumors comprised of 423 cases (88.3%) and malignant tumors comprised 56 cases (11.69%)only. Maximum number of cases were seen in well differentiated/lipomatous group (339 cases) followed by spindle cell category (88 cases). Histopathological correlation carried out in 136 out of 479 cases (benign:111 and malignant :25) revealed that out of 111 cases diagnosed as benign by cytology, one case was malignant (liposarcoma) and among 25 malignant cases diagnosed by cytology one case was benign (myofibroblastoma). Overall sensitivity and specificity of FNAC was 96% and 99% respectively. Comparison of cytological and histopathological grading of 24 sarcomas showed overall concordance of 75%.Conclusions: FNAC is an excellent diagnostic modality in early diagnosis of soft tissue tumors. FNAC is highly reliable and obviates surgical procedures especially in high risk patients thus facilitating initiation of appropriate therapy and saving time and manpower. It is also highly sensitive in detecting benign soft tissue tumors and highly specific for malignant soft issue tumors.

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Hand tumors: A review of 186 patients at a single institute

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery ◽

10.1177/2309499021993994 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 230949902199399

Author(s):

Taketsugu Fujibuchi ◽

Hiroshi Imai ◽

Joji Miyawaki ◽

Teruki Kidani ◽

Hiroshi Kiyomatsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Proximal Phalanx ◽

Delayed Diagnosis ◽

Ring Finger ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Body Parts ◽

Maximal Diameter ◽

Benign Soft Tissue Tumors

Purpose: The spectrum of diagnoses and clinical features of hand tumors differ from those of tumors in other body parts. However, only a few reports have comprehensively referenced the diagnosis and clinical features of hand tumors. This study aimed to elucidate the diagnostic distribution and the clinical features of hand tumors undergone surgery in our institute. Patients and methods: A total of 235 lesions in 186 patients diagnosed with hand tumors between 1978 and 2020 were reviewed. Age at surgery, gender, chief complaint, tumor location, and pathological diagnosis were analyzed. Results: There were 121 benign bone tumors, 98 benign soft tissue tumors, and 16 malignant tumors. Chondroma and tenosynovial giant cell tumor were common benign bone and soft tissue tumors at the proximal phalanx of the ring finger and the palm, respectively. Meanwhile, chondrosarcoma and synovial sarcoma were common malignant tumors at the dorsal part of the hand. Local pain and painless mass were the chief complaints in patients with benign bone and soft tissue tumors, respectively. Most patients with malignant tumors were referred after unplanned resection. When patients were classified into two categories by tumor size according to maximal diameter, tumors larger than 19 mm had a significantly higher risk of malignant ( p = 0.031) despite being smaller than other tumors in different body parts. Conclusion: When a tumor malignancy is suspected, the patient should be referred to a specialist to avoid unplanned resection or delayed diagnosis due to misdiagnosis. Knowing the distribution and clinical features should help in diagnosing hand tumors.

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Histopathological study of soft tissue tumours in a tertiary health centre in southern part of Assam

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20214422 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 3391

Author(s):

Khadija S. Tapadar ◽

Manoj K. Deka ◽

R. N. Chaubey ◽

Shah A. Sheikh ◽

Gargi R. Choudhury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

The Body ◽

World Health ◽

Vascular Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽

Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽

Younger Age

Background: Soft tissue tumors are defined as mesenchymal proliferations which occur in the extraskeletal non-epithelial tissues of the body, excluding the viscera, coverings of brain and lymphoreticular system. The objective of this study was to study the histopathological features of soft tissue tumors and to study the occurrence of soft tissue tumors in relation to age, sex and anatomical site.Methods: This study comprised of 89 cases studied over a period of two years. All soft tissue tumors, their gross features, microscopic findings were analysed in detail. Soft tissue tumors were divided into benign and malignant categories and further sub typing were done according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The distribution of soft tissue tumors according to the age, sex and site of occurrence was studied.Results: Out of 89 cases of soft tissue tumors, 76 cases were benign, 4 cases belonged to intermediate category and 9 cases were malignant. Adipocytic tumors formed the largest group constituting 39 cases. Vascular tumors were the second commonest (26 cases) followed by peripheral nerve sheath tumors (11 cases). The benign tumors were seen in younger age as compared to malignant tumors. Malignant soft tissue tumors was seen to be more common in male than female and pleomorphic sarcoma and liposarcoma was commonest (3 cases each).Conclusions: Benign tumors were more common than malignant. The most common benign tumors were lipoma followed by hemangioma and schwannoma. The most common malignant tumor was pleomorphic sarcoma. The benign tumors were seen in younger age as compared to malignant tumors.

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Soft Tissue Tumors of the Foot and Ankle

Foot & Ankle ◽

10.1177/107110078800900105 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 19-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Karen S. Seale ◽

Thomas A. Lange ◽

David Monson ◽

Donald A. Hackbarth

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Synovial Cell ◽

Clear Cell Sarcoma ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Foot And Ankle ◽

Cell Sarcoma ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

Diagnostic Modalities ◽

Malignant Soft Tissue

Seven patients with malignant soft tissue tumors of the foot and ankle were retrospectively reviewed. Emphasis was placed on the value of various diagnostic modalities used preoperatively for staging and the adequacy of treatment rendered using current tumor surgery principles. The malignant tumors included synovial cell sarcoma (four), clear cell sarcoma (one), fibrosarcoma (one), and melanoma (one). Surgical management of the malignant lesions included intracapsular excision, marginal excision, wide excision, and radical amputation.

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Statistically Based Survival Rate Estimation in Patients with Soft Tissue Tumors

Romanian Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology ◽

10.2478/rojost-2018-0018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

B. Şerban ◽

Z. Panti ◽

M. Nica ◽

M. Pleniceanu ◽

M. Popa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Healing Rate ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Rate Estimation ◽

Differentiation Degree ◽

Histopathological Type

Abstract Introduction. Although most soft tissue tumors are benign, with a high healing rate after surgical excision, there is a variety of malignant tumors with differences in progression and prognosis. The study aims to assess the survival rate in patients diagnosed with this pathology, based on the patient’s characteristics (age, gender, race), as well as the tumor’s (histological type, differentiation degree, location and size). Materials and methods. The retrospective study included a group of 103 patients diagnosed in our department during 2010 and 2017. Considering the high healing rate of benign tumors, only the group of neoplastic patients (45 cases) was involved in the survival rate estimation, assessing tumor characteristics and individual comorbidities. Within this lot, we emphasized a predominance of neoplasm in patients aged over 50 years (32 cases), men (29 cases), and localization of the neoplasm in the thigh (23 cases). The predominant histopathological type, liposarcoma, was diagnosed in 67% of the cases, with dimensions over 6 cm and with local extension. Results. There have been significant variations in mortality between the different histological subtypes (liposarcoma vs. synovial sarcoma). Local recurrences were shown in 18 cases of liposarcoma in the first 2 years after the surgical excision, with an increased aggressiveness of this neoplasm in men over 50 years. 12 cases developed distant metastasis, and, until the end of the study, 7 deaths were reported in 3 cases involving associated comorbidities. Conclusions. The five-year survival is inversely proportional to the extent of the tumor and the local invasion, as well as to the age of the patient. It is difficult to appreciate an overall survival rate in the context of a heterogeneous group of tumors so it must be evaluated for every histological subtype taking into account the patient’s particularities.

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Statistically based survival rate estimation in patients with soft tissue tumors

Romanian Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology ◽

10.2478/rojost-2018-0085 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 84-89

Author(s):

Bogdan Serban ◽

Zsombor Panti ◽

Mihai Nica ◽

Marian Pleniceanu ◽

Mihnea Popa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Healing Rate ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Rate Estimation ◽

Differentiation Degree ◽

Histopathological Type

Abstract Although most soft tissue tumors are benign, with a high healing rate after surgical excision, there is a variety of malignant tumors with differences in progression and prognosis. The study aimed to assess the survival rate in patients diagnosed with this pathology, based on the patient’s characteristics (age, gender, race), as well as the tumor’s histological type, differentiation degree, location and size. The retrospective study included a group of 103 patients diagnosed during 2010 and 2017 in our department. Considering the high healing rate of benign tumors, only the group of neoplastic patients (45 cases) was involved in the survival rate estimation, assessing tumor characteristics and individual comorbidities. Within this lot, we emphasized a predominance of neoplasm in patients aged over 50 years (32 cases), men (29 cases), and localization of the neoplasm in the thigh (23 cases). The predominant histopathological type, liposarcoma, was diagnosed in 67% of the cases, with dimensions over 6 cm and with local extension. There have been significant variations in mortality between the different histological subtypes (liposarcoma vs. synovial sarcoma). Local recurrences were showed in 18 cases of liposarcoma in the first 2 years after the surgical excision, with an increased aggressiveness of this neoplasm in men over 50 years. 12 cases developed distant metastasis, and until the end of the study, 7 deaths were reported in 3 cases involving associated comorbidities. The five-year survival is inversely proportional to the extent of the tumor and the local invasion, as well as to the age of the patient. An overall survival rate is difficult to appreciate in the context of a heterogeneous group of tumors so it must be evaluated for every histological subtype taking into account the patient’s particularities.

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Multiparametric quantitative analysis of tumor perfusion and diffusion with 3T MRI: differentiation between benign and malignant soft tissue tumors

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr.20191035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 93 (1115) ◽

pp. 20191035

Author(s):

Seul Ki Lee ◽

Won-Hee Jee ◽

Chan Kwon Jung ◽

Yang-Guk Chung

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Subgroup Analysis ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Multiparametric Mri ◽

Time Signal ◽

Dce Mri ◽

Malignant Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Benign Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Malignant Soft Tissue

Objective: To evaluate multiparametric MRI for differentiating benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. Methods: This retrospective study included 67 patients (mean age, 55 years; 18–82 years) with 35 benign and 32 malignant soft tissue tumors. Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI)-derived parameters (D, D*, f), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI parameters (Ktrans, Kep, Ve, iAUC) were calculated. Myxoid and non-myxoid soft tissue tumors were divided for subgroup analysis. The parameters were compared between benign and malignant tumors. Results: ADC and D were significantly lower in malignant than benign soft tissue tumors (1170 ± 488 vs 1472 ± 349 µm2/s; 1132 ± 500 vs 1415 ± 374 µm2/s; p < 0.05). Ktrans, Kep, Ve, and iAUC were significantly different between malignant and benign soft tissue tumors (0.209 ± 0.160 vs 0.092 ± 0.067 min−1; 0.737 ± 0.488 vs 0.311 ± 0.230 min−1; 0.32 ± 0.17 vs 0.44 ± 0.28; 0.23 ± 0.14 vs 0.12 ± 0.09, p < 0.05, respectively). ADC (0.752), D (0.742), and Kep (0.817) had high AUCs. Subgroup analysis showed that only Ktrans, and iAUC were significantly different in myxoid tumors, while, ADC, D, Ktrans, Kep, and iAUC were significantly different in non-myxoid tumor for differentiating benign and malignant tumors. D, Kep, and iAUC were the most significant parameters predicting malignant soft tissue tumors. Conclusion: Multiparametric MRI can be useful to differentiate benign and malignant soft tissue tumors using IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI. Advances in knowledge: 1. Pure tissue diffusion (D), transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (Kep), and initial area under time–signal intensity curve (iAUC) can be used to differentiate benign malignant soft tissue tumors. 2. Ktrans and iAUC enable differentiation of benign and malignant myxoid soft tissue tumors.

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Spectrum of bone and soft tissue tumors in a tertiary cancer institute in Eastern india

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20183252 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 2686

Author(s):

Ashwini Natekar ◽

Shubasis Basu ◽

Gavruv Gupta ◽

Maruti Pujari

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Age Group ◽

Eastern India ◽

Female Ratio ◽

True Incidence ◽

Site Distribution ◽

Male Female Ratio

Background: Bone and soft tissue tumours are uncommon tumours that can affect any age group. Soft tissue tumors are said to be heterogeneous group of mesenchymal malignancies. Primary bone sarcomas are rare tumors, comprising approximately 0.2% of all cancers. Their true incidence is difficult to estimate because of their rarity. The outcome of the disease depends on the age and time at diagnosis.Methods: A study was carried out in department of pathology in tertiary cancer institute in East India from December 2015 to September 2017. A total of 60 cases were included in the study. All age group patients with indoor admissions and review cases were included in this study. Only soft tissue and bone tumors were included in the study. Epithelial tumors metastasis to bone were excluded from our study. Clinical and radiological details of patients were noted along with gross specimen findings and microscopic examination of H and E stained slides. IHC was also carried out for confirmatory diagnosis. Aims and objectives was to study the histological spectrum of bone and soft tissue tumors in a tertiary cancer institute in Eastern India. Also, to study gender distribution and site distribution of bone and soft tissue tumors.Results: Out of the total 60 cases studied 24 cases were of bone and cartilaginous tumours and 36 cases included were of soft tissue tumors. Benign tumors comprised of 08 cases (13.3%) and malignant tumors accounted to 52 cases (86.7%). Age of the patients ranged from 10 to 80 years. Male female ratio was 1.4:1.Conclusions: Multimodal therapies of treatment are practiced for bone and soft tissue tumors. Early detection and treatment is essential for diagnosis of these malignant tumors. Molecular studies are most important in diagnosing, classifying and also prognosticating bone and soft tissue tumors.

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