Assessment of awareness about cardiovascular disease risk factors and association between overweight and family history of cardiovascular disease among first-year medical students of a medical college in Karnataka

Background: The increasing incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) threatens the Middle Eastern population. Several epidemiological studies have assessed CVD and its risk factors in terms of the primary prevention of CVD in the Middle East. Therefore, summarizing the information from these studies is essential. Aim: We conducted a systematic review to assess the prevalence of CVD and its major risk factors among Middle Eastern adults based on the literature published between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018 and carried out a meta-analysis. Methods: We searched electronic databases such as PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Embase and Google Scholar to identify literature published from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2018. All the original articles that investigated the prevalence of CVD and reported at least one of the following factors were included: hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, smoking and family history of CVD. To summarize CVD prevalence, we performed a random-effects meta-analysis. Results: A total of 41 potentially relevant articles were included, and 32 were included in the meta-analysis (n=191,979). The overall prevalence of CVD was 10.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.1-14.3%, p<0.001) in the Middle East. A high prevalence of CVD risk factors, such as dyslipidaemia (43.3%; 95% CI: 21.5-68%), hypertension (26.2%; 95% CI: 19.6-34%) and diabetes (16%; 95% CI: 9.9-24.8%), was observed. The prevalence rates of other risk factors, such as smoking (12.4%; 95% CI: 7.7-19.4%) and family history of CVD (18.7%; 95% CI: 15.4-22.5%), were also high. Conclusion: The prevalence of CVD is high (10.1%) in the Middle East. The burden of dyslipidaemia (43.3%) in this region is twice as high as that of hypertension (26.2%) and diabetes mellitus (16%). Multifaceted interventions are urgently needed for the primary prevention of CVD in this region.

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Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among Egyptian and Saudi medical students

Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association ◽

10.1097/01.epx.0000460969.93981.c2 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alaa-El-Dine H. Mahmoud

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Medical Students ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

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A review of family history of cardiovascular disease: risk factor and research tool

International Journal of Clinical Practice ◽

10.1111/j.1742-1241.2012.02908.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 66 (6) ◽

pp. 536-543 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

A. Banerjee

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Family History ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Research Tool ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor ◽

Disease Risk Factor ◽

History Of

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PP036. Cardiovascular disease risk factors among women with a history of placental abruption

Pregnancy Hypertension ◽

10.1016/j.preghy.2012.04.147 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 261

Author(s):

J.H.W. Veerbeek ◽

J.G. Smit ◽

M.P.H. Koster ◽

S.V. Koenen ◽

L.L.H. Peeters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Placental Abruption ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽

History Of

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Cardiovascular disease risk factors and anthropometry features among seemingly healthy young adults

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v10i1.20554 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 77

Author(s):

Viskasari P. Kalanjati ◽

Rury T. Oktariza ◽

Bambang E. Suwito ◽

Krisnawan A. Pradana ◽

Dzanuar Rahmawan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Young Adults ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Arm Circumference ◽

History Of ◽

Level Of Significance

We explored association between the levels of total cholesterol (TC) and uric acid (UA) to the middle upper arm circumference (MUAC), waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) amongst seemingly healthy university students in Kediri, Indonesia aged 17-23 years (n=150); no history of major previous diseases were found (i.e. metabolic syndrome). TC and UA measured from the capillary blood; standardised anthropometry measurements were done by trained medical doctors. Correlation, linear regression, independent t-test or Mann-Whitney analysis were performed with the level of significance of p<0.05. We found higher TC (p=0.053), UA (p<0.001), MUAC (p=0.009), HC (p=0.865) and WC (p=0.001) among males than among females. TC was significantly correlated to the UA with prevalence of hypercholesterolemia of 46.7% and hyperuricemia of 30% of all participants. All anthropometry was significantly correlated to the TC and UA among males (p<0.001); TC and UA were strongly corresponded to all anthropometry parameters among males. Hypercholesterolemia and hyperuricemia could be found amongst the seemingly healthy young adults in Indonesia; among males these are strongly correlated to the higher MUAC, WC and HC. Daily physical activity and proper healthy diet might help to decrease these cardiovascular disease risk factors.

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Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among People in Hail City, Saudi Arabia

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i19b31334 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 22-32

Author(s):

Mona Madbouly Mohammad Shahin ◽

Madiha Rabie Mahmoud ◽

Hanan Odah Salem Al-Shmaily ◽

Salma Rshed Mohammed Altamimy ◽

Lama Abdulaziz Saud Alanzi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Family History ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Fast Foods ◽

History Of

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally, and representing 31% of all global deaths according to WHO. So, this study may be useful to detect the risk factors of CVDs and how to prevent them to help in reducing the rate of deaths due to these diseases. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of CVD risk factors in Hail region, Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: The study was carried out through an observational cross-sectional study on 300 participants from Hail region including both genders (females 231 [77%] & males 69 [23%]) with age group range from 18 years-old and above. The study was conducted using an electronic questionnaire, and the data was analyzed using Software Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 23. Results: The highest risk factor for CVDs was obesity, the total number of overweight, obese and extremely obese was 171 (57%) which was more pronounced with peoples at the age of 31-45 years old. Other risk factors that were found in our participants were hypertension (8.3%), diabetes mellitus(DM, 7.3%),family history of diseases (80.4%), consuming insufficient amounts of fruits and vegetables (62.7%), always drinking coffee (60.9%), physical inactivity (34.7%), consuming fast foods more than one time per week (32.4%) and smoking 10.3%.We can conclude that many risk factors for CVDs were prevalent among Hail population either non modifiable (family history of diseases) or modifiable (obesity, physical inactivity, fast foods, insufficient amounts of fruits and vegetables) showed a considerable percentage which needs awareness programs for Hail population.

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