Can guanxi be a source of sustained competitive advantage for doing business in China?

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W. K. Tsang
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-115
Author(s):  
Francis Kwadade-Cudjoe

Globalization has been one of the strategies many organizations looking to achieve competitive advantage in their markets of operation have been implementing. It has been in existence since the Europeans and Americans started to move into other continents to conquer nations within those continents. Globalization involves the movement of an organization to other parts of the globe in order to utilize the opportunities normally available in those countries for manufacturing of products and trading. There are many strategies through which organizations could use to go global. However the most popular strategies are alliances, acquisitions, mergers and joint ventures.  Most organizations which go global usually look for how they could cut cost by utilizing the cheaper natural and human resources available in those countries for production of goods and services. These organizations which go global are called multi-national companies (MNCs), as they usually have assets in the countries they operate from. Some organizations have been able to benefit substantially from globalization, whilst others not. The successful organizations have been able to achieve competitive advantage and some of them have even been able to attain sustained competitive advantage in their fields of operation.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lester Ross ◽  
Kenneth Zhou

Purpose To describe and analyze the implications of the new Measures (the “Measures”) for Cybersecurity Review jointly promulgated on April 27, 2020 by twelve Chinese government departments led by the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC). Design/methodology/approach Defines the scope of the Measures, explains the functions and obligations of critical information infrastructure operators (each, a CIIO), outlines the self-assessment and cybersecurity review process and discusses the implications of the Measures for foreign companies doing business in China. Findings The Measures impose an obligation on CII operators to apply for a cybersecurity review when they intend to procure network products and services that present or may present a national security concern. Such review will focus not only on national security and data leakage concerns, but also on supply-chain security concerns. The cybersecurity review will likely further the decoupling between China and the US. Practical implications While the Measures are not formally intended to discriminate against foreign products and services, the promulgation of the Measures will have a significant impact on foreign companies that supply network products or services to CII operators in China. Originality/value Practical guidance from lawyers with extensive experience in advising Chinese, US, European and other companies on laws and regulations related to competition, cross-border investments, joint ventures, strategic alliances and international trade matters.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanny Ekawati ◽  
Nur Hidayah ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto

The purpose of the activity is to implement a competitive advantage strategy in the retail business and assistance in making product packaging in increasing retail business sales in the Old Tangerang market. PKM activity is an inspiration from the many retail stores that are not able to increase sales, which is due to competitive advantage strategies that have not been carried out optimally. Given the retail strategy in building a competitive advantage is very necessary for a retailer. The location of the traditional market was chosen because it still needs help from various parties. Including from educational institutions. For this activity partners were chosen because of limited competitive advantage and limited knowledge of the strategy of excellence. In addition, the limitations of partners to build excellence, in assessing internal and external factors in the business environment through SWOT, are indispensable to assist retailers in assessing business excellence. Furthermore, to improve product sales value, better product packaging is needed, this has not been done by partners. The method offered in this activity is the provision of knowledge of retail business excellence strategies, SWOT strategies and packaging design in the form of FGDs, socialization and training. While the assistance is done by making product packaging that is more environmentally friendly. Through this activity will help overcome the problems of partners in doing business better than competitors. Thus the hope can help partners in increasing sales.ABSTRAK:Tujuan kegiatan adalah mengimplementasikan strategi keunggulan bersaing usaha ritel dan pendampingan membuat pengemasan produk dalam meninggkatkan penjualan Usaha Ritel di pasar Lama Tangerang. Kegiatan PKM merupakan inspirasi dari banyaknya toko ritel yang tidak mampu meningkatkan penjulan, yang dikarenakan strategi keunggulan bersaing yang belum dilakukan secara optimal. Mengingat strategi eceran dalam membangun keunggulan bersaing sangatlah diperlukan bagi seorang pengecer. Dipilih lokasi pasar tradisional karena masih sangat membutuhkan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Termasuk dari lembaga pendidikan. Untuk kegiatn ini mitra yang dipilih karena masih lemahnya keunggulan bersaing, lemahnya pengetahuan akan strategi keunggulan. Selain itu keterbatasan mitra membangun keunggulan, dalam menilai faktor internal dan eksternal di lingkungan usaha melalui SWOT, yang sangat diperlukan untuk membantu peritel dalam menilai keunggulan usaha. Selanjutnya untuk meningkatkan nilai jual produk diperlukan kemasan produk yang lebih baik, hal ini belum dilakukan mitra. Metode yang ditawarkan dalam kegiatan ini adalah pemberian pengetahuan akan strategi keunggulan usaha ritel, strategi SWOT dan desain kemasan dalam bentuk FGD, sosialisasi dan pelatihan. Sedangkan pendampingan dilakukan dengan membuat kemasan produk yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Melalui kegiatan ini akan membantu mengatasi persoalan mitra dalam melakukan usaha secara lebih baik dibandingkan pesaing. Dengan demikian harapannya dapat membantu mitra dalam meningkatkan penjualan


2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Ethridge ◽  
Treba Marsh ◽  
Esther Bunn

Planning and conducting the audit of financial statements involves understanding the entity and the environment in which it operates.  First and foremost this requires identifying the risks faced by the entity.  Identifying these risks can be a complex and difficult task since the auditor needs to not only understand the entity’s risk process but also independently understand the risks facing the firm.  Tackling this task will involve a comprehensive review of the external and internal factors affecting the business.  It is possible many identified business risks are related to financial reporting risk and ultimately to audit risk.  Therefore, the auditor must understand the linkage between risks, controls and the audit.  The objective of this paper is to examine the risks faced by U.S. companies conducting business in China.  This paper attempts to identify a wide array of risks faced by U.S. companies to demonstrate how important it is for the company and the auditor to understand the business environment.


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