scholarly journals Effects of salinity stress on growth and photosynthetic activity of common basil plants (Ocimum basilicum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-556
Author(s):  
Dorota Jadczak ◽  
Kamila Bojko ◽  
Malgozhata Berova ◽  
Miroslava Kaymakanova
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum

scholarly journals An Endophytic Fungi-Based Biostimulant Modulates Volatile and Non-Volatile Secondary Metabolites and Yield of Greenhouse Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) through Variable Mechanisms Dependent on Salinity Stress Level

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 797
Author(s):  
Sergio Saia ◽  
Giandomenico Corrado ◽  
Paola Vitaglione ◽  
Giuseppe Colla ◽  
Paolo Bonini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Ocimum Species ◽  
The Impact

Salinity in water and soil is one of the major environmental factors limiting the productivity of agronomic and horticultural crops. In basil (Ocimum basilicum L., Lamiaceae) and other Ocimum species, information on the plant response to mild salinity levels, often induced by the irrigation or fertigation systems, is scarce. In the present work, we tested the effectiveness of a microbial-based biostimulant containing two strains of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma koningii in sustaining greenhouse basil yield traits, subjected to two mild salinity stresses (25 mM [low] and 50 mM [high] modulated by augmenting the fertigation osmotic potential with NaCl) compared to a non-stressed control. The impact of salinity stress was further appraised in terms of plant physiology, morphological ontogenesis and composition in polyphenols and volatile organic compounds (VOC). As expected, increasing the salinity of the solution strongly depressed the plant yield, nutrient uptake and concentration, reduced photosynthetic activity and leaf water potential, increased the Na and Cl and induced the accumulation of polyphenols. In addition, it decreased the concentration of Eucalyptol and β-Linalool, two of its main essential oil constituents. Irrespective of the salinity stress level, the multispecies inoculum strongly benefited plant growth, leaf number and area, and the accumulation of Ca, Mg, B, p-coumaric and chicoric acids, while it reduced nitrate and Cl concentrations in the shoots and affected the concentration of some minor VOC constituents. The benefits derived from the inoculum in term of yield and quality harnessed different mechanisms depending on the degree of stress. under low-stress conditions, the inoculum directly stimulated the photosynthetic activity after an increase of the Fe and Mn availability for the plants and induced the accumulation of caffeic and rosmarinic acids. under high stress conditions, the inoculum mostly acted directly on the sequestration of Na and the increase of P availability for the plant, moreover it stimulated the accumulation of polyphenols, especially of ferulic and chicoric acids and quercetin-rutinoside in the shoots. Notably, the inoculum did not affect the VOC composition, thus suggesting that its activity did not interact with the essential oil biosynthesis. These results clearly indicate that beneficial inocula constitute a valuable tool for sustaining yield and improving or sustaining quality under suboptimal water quality conditions imposing low salinity stress on horticultural crops.

scholarly journals Application of Phenotyping Methods in Detection of Drought and Salinity Stress in Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Lazarević ◽  
Zlatko Šatović ◽  
Ana Nimac ◽  
Monika Vidak ◽  
Jerko Gunjača ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Moderate Salinity ◽  
Automated Phenotyping

Basil is one of the most widespread aromatic and medicinal plants, which is often grown in drought- and salinity-prone regions. Often co-occurrence of drought and salinity stresses in agroecosystems and similarities of symptoms which they cause on plants complicates the differentiation among them. Development of automated phenotyping techniques with integrative and simultaneous quantification of multiple morphological and physiological traits enables early detection and quantification of different stresses on a whole plant basis. In this study, we have used different phenotyping techniques including chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, multispectral imaging, and 3D multispectral scanning, aiming to quantify changes in basil phenotypic traits under early and prolonged drought and salinity stress and to determine traits which could differentiate among drought and salinity stressed basil plants. Ocimum basilicum “Genovese” was grown in a growth chamber under well-watered control [45–50% volumetric water content (VWC)], moderate salinity stress (100 mM NaCl), severe salinity stress (200 mM NaCl), moderate drought stress (25–30% VWC), and severe drought stress (15–20% VWC). Phenotypic traits were measured for 3 weeks in 7-day intervals. Automated phenotyping techniques were able to detect basil responses to early and prolonged salinity and drought stress. In addition, several phenotypic traits were able to differentiate among salinity and drought. At early stages, low anthocyanin index (ARI), chlorophyll index (CHI), and hue (HUE2D), and higher reflectance in red (RRed), reflectance in green (RGreen), and leaf inclination (LINC) indicated drought stress. At later stress stages, maximum fluorescence (Fm), HUE2D, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and LINC contribute the most to the differentiation among drought and non-stressed as well as among drought and salinity stressed plants. ARI and electron transport rate (ETR) were best for differentiation of salinity stressed plants from non-stressed plants both at early and prolonged stress.

Effects of NaCl or Na2SO4 salinity on plant growth, ion content and photosynthetic activity in Ocimum basilicum L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen Tarchoune ◽  
Elena Degl’Innocenti ◽  
Rym Kaddour ◽  
Lucia Guidi ◽  
Mokhtar Lachaâl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Ion Content

Seed priming with melatonin effects on growth, essential oil compounds and antioxidant activity of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under salinity stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 112165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burak Bahcesular ◽  
Emel Diraz Yildirim ◽  
Meral Karaçocuk ◽  
Muhittin Kulak ◽  
Sengul Karaman
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds

scholarly journals Salinity Stress Alerts Genome Stability and Genotoxicity of Ocimum basilicum Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 1311-1320
Author(s):  
Saqer S. Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Terpene Biosynthesis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Regular Increase ◽  
Inhibitor Genes

Salinity is an important abiotic stress that greatly influences growth, secondary product content and genotoxicity in plants. Ocimum basilicum L. (family Lamiaceae) produces a volatile oil, which is used in many pharmaceutical industries, but the oil biosynthesis is affected by salt stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of salinity stress on genome stability and genotoxicity of three basil cultivars (Gigante, Gralissimum and Verde) using comet assays to study the genotoxic impact of salinity stress (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM NaCl) and a semi-quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction to study terpene gene expression. Both analyses revealed considerable genetic effects of salinity stress on the O. basilicum genome, detected by a regular increase in DNA damage and by diversity in the transcript levels of terpene biosynthesis and inhibitor genes. Our findings confirmed that basil plants were affected by NaCl salinity stress and that exposure to 200 mM NaCl resulted in significant DNA damage in the form of tail moment, DNA tail percentage and tail length. The accumulation of linalool synthase enzyme (LS) and hexokinase synthase (HK) gene transcripts was greatly increased in response to salinity, whereas FPPS, GPPS and DXR gene transcription was suppressed in all three basil cultivars. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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