Characterization and Phytochemical Screening of Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) Extract's Nanoparticles Used Ball Mill Method

Objective: The aim of the present study was to obtain an optimized formula of meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) extract tablets that fulfilled the requirements as a good pharmaceutical preparation based on Indonesian Pharmacopoeia IV and USP XVII.Methods: P. niruri plant was collected and determined at the Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy, Universitas Padjadjaran. First performed phytochemical screening to determine the content of secondary metabolites. Then designed five kinds of tablet formulas of P. niruri extract using a direct compressed method with a variation of concentration of filler. Each formula contains a similar concentration of P. niruri extract as the active ingredient, avicel PH 102 and amprotab with varying concentrations as filler, talcum, and magnesium stearate as a lubricant and Aerosil®200 vv as an adsorbent. Tablet print mass and quality of the resulting tablets were then evaluated. Also, check whether the resulting tablets still contain P. niruri extract as the active substance or not.Results: The results of phytochemical screening of simplicia and viscous plant extract showed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids as secondary metabolites. The five formulas made contain avicel PH 102 and amprotab as binders and crushers and the expected results such as shape and durability as desired. The results of examination of shrinkage rate of mass drying of tablet prints from the above five formulas indicated an increase of value from formula A (5.4609 %) to formula E (5.8600%). This was because avicel PH 102 and amprotab had a considerable moisture content, so with the combination of both fillers could increase the water content from mass print tablets. Real density, compact density, and true density decreased from formula A to formula E. The amount of these densities were influenced by the shape and size of the particles. Flowability increased from formula A (23.7124°) to formula E (26.4210°) whereas compressibility increased from formula A (21.7222%) to formula E (29,4121%). Flowability and compressibility increase might be due to the uniformity of the particle size between the amprotabs and the other additives which could cause electrical charges to the print mass affecting the speed and flow of the print mass. All quality testing results including Weight (mg), Thickness (mm), Diameter (mm), Hardness (N), Friability (%) and Disintegration time (min.) had met the requirements. Thin Layer Chromatography showed that the resulting tablets still contain P. niruri extract as the active substance.Conclusion:. Overall results showed that the formulation fulfilled the requirements as a good pharmaceutical preparation based on Indonesian Pharmacopoeia IV and USP XVII.

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Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Screening and Chemical Fingerprint Analysis of Herbal Plant Phyllanthus niruri using HPTLC

Journal of Scientific Research ◽

10.3329/jsr.v13i2.50391 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 623-633

Author(s):

R. Nigam ◽

R. Arnold

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Root Extract ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Phyllanthus Niruri ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Stem Extract ◽

Herbal Plant

This study focused to develop the fingerprint profile of Phyllanthus niruri through high performance thin layer chromatography. Various solvent extracts such as ethanol and water were prepared and phytochemical screening was made using standard procedures. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of two extracts of the plant showed the presence of secondary metabolites viz., alkaloids, triterpenoids, proteins, amino acids, flavonoids and steroids. The total flavonoid contents of leaves were significantly higher than those revealed in stem and root. The total phenolic contents of Phyllanthus niruri leaves (aqueous extract), leaves (ethanol extract) and root (ethanol extract) were 5.71 mg GAE/100 mg extract, 7.66 mg GAE/100 mg and 5.63 mg GAE/100 mg extract respectively. Methanol extract of Phyllanthus niruri was subjected to HPTLC analysis due to it is most effective, highly polar universal solvent for extraction of phytoconstituents. Among the samples, leaves extract resolved maximum number of spots followed by stem extract and root extract. It can be concluded that HPTLC fingerprinting of Phyllanthus niruri may be useful in differentiating the species from the adulterant and authentication of this herbal plant in the medical field and systematic plant studies.

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Phytochemical screening and comparative analysis of antimicrobial activity of root and leaf extracts of Tinospora coridifolia, Phyllanthus niruri and Abrus precatorious, important medicinal plants

Journal of Medicinal Plants Research ◽

10.5897/jmpr12.5136 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (29) ◽

pp. 2208-2213 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gawai Dipti ◽

Das G ◽

R Rout G

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Phyllanthus Niruri

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Antioxidant Activity of Phyllanthus niruri Extract, Rutin and Quercetin

The Indonesian Biomedical Journal ◽

10.18585/inabj.v9i2.281 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 84 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Djaja Rusmana ◽

Roro Wahyudianingsih ◽

Mariska Elisabeth ◽

Balqis Balqis ◽

Maesaroh Maesaroh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Phyllanthus Niruri ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Normal Metabolism ◽

Human Need ◽

Medicinal Properties ◽

Rutin And Quercetin

BACKGROUND: Normal metabolism of oxygen and exogenous factors constantly generate free radicals which could be harmful to the human body. Human need antioxidants to provide protection against free radicals, thus plants are a good source of natural antioxidants. Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri) has been known to possess several medicinal properties and contain numerous active phytochemical. In this research, we conducted phytochemical screening and antioxidant assay of P. niruri extract along with the compounds rutin and quercetin, which are flavonoids possessing medicinal properties. This study was conducted to determine P. niruri, rutin and quercetin as antioxidant.METHODS: In this study, qualitative phytochemical screening was performed to detect phenol, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, steroid/triterpenoid, terpenoid and alkaloid in P. niruri extract. Antioxidant analysis of P. niruri, rutin and quercetin was conducted using total measured phenolic content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays.RESULTS: The study revealed that P. niruri extract contained saponin, phenol, flavonoid and tannin based on phytochemical screening. In DPPH and ABTS assays quercetin possessed highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 0.55 and 1.17 μg/ml respectively. Meanwhile, P. niruri extract showed the highest FRAP activity which was 373.95 μM Fe(II)/μg extract. Rutin possessed the lowest antioxidant activity in all antioxidant assays.CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that P. niruri extract and quercetin have great potential as a natural antioxidant source.KEYWORDS: asntioxidant, phytochemical, Phyllanthus niruri, quercetin, rutin, free radical

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