scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and comparative analysis of antimicrobial activity of root and leaf extracts of Tinospora coridifolia, Phyllanthus niruri and Abrus precatorious, important medicinal plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (29) ◽  
pp. 2208-2213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gawai Dipti ◽  
Das G ◽  
R Rout G
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri

Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf Extracts ofAmomum nilgiricum(Thomas) (Zingiberaceae)from Western Ghats, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narasimha Murthy Konappa ◽  
Chandra Nayaka Siddaiah ◽  
Soumya Krishnamurthy ◽  
Brijesh Singh ◽  
Niranjana Siddapura Ramachandrappa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Crinum defixum Ker - Gawler Leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
A. Elaiyaraja ◽  
G. Chandramohan ◽  
J. Mariajancyrani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Indigenous Medicine ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Body Ache

Crinum defixum Ker - Gawler is a bulbous herb which has widely used in indigenous medicine for many diseases; mainly leaf and bulb extracts are of medicinal importance. Leaf extract is used as a treatment for pimples, body-ache, dropsy, carbuncle, paronychia, leprosy, fever and diarrhoea. The bulbs are crushed and applied on to piles and itching. The present study to determine the possible phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of various leaf extracts of Crinum defixum Ker - Gawler plant. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence different types compound like flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, saponins and glycosides. The ethanol, methanol and crude extracts of Crinum defixum Ker - Gawler showed significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus vulgaris and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus when compare to different concentrations (μg/mL). The antimicrobial potential of test compounds was determined on the basis of mean diameter of zone of inhibition around the disk in millimetres. Thus, the present findings revealed the medicinal potential of Crinum defixum Ker - Gawler to develop a drug against various human ailments.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Medicinal Plants’ (Impatiens balsamina and Lantana camara) Fresh Leaves and Analysis of Antimicrobial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry F. Aritonang ◽  
Harry Koleangan ◽  
Audy D. Wuntu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Impatiens Balsamina ◽  
Significant Difference

Plant-mediated synthesis of nanomaterials has been increasingly gaining popularity due to its eco-friendly nature and cost-effectiveness. In the present study, we synthesized silver (Ag) nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of fresh leaves of Impatiens balsamina and Lantana camara medicinal plants as bioreducing agents. This method allowed the synthesis of nanoparticles, which was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-Vis spectra and visual observation showed that the color of the fresh leaf extracts of L. camara and I. balsamina turned into grayish brown and brownish yellow, respectively, after treatment with Ag precursors. In addition, TEM analysis confirmed that AgNO3 solutions for all concentrations produced Ag nanoparticles and their average size was less than 24 nm. Moreover, aqueous leaf extracts of I. balsamina and L. camara were separately tested for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria. The results showed that the bacterial growth was inhibited by the extracts containing Ag nanoparticles. Statistical calculation performed using the Tukey test showed that zones of inhibition for the two bacteria produced by the aqueous leaf extracts of L. camara containing 3 mM and 5 mM Ag precursors were not significantly different from that by ciprofloxacin as positive control. On the contrary, there was significant difference between the zone of inhibition for E. coli by ciprofloxacin and that by the extracts of I. balsamina leaves containing 3 mM and 5 mM Ag precursors. A similar result was observed on the zone of inhibition for S. aureus by the extracts of I. balsamina leaves containing 3 mM Ag precursor. It was shown that the aqueous extracts of fresh L. camara leaves containing Ag nanoparticles were comparable to ciprofloxacin in inhibiting bacterial growth.

Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Haematostaphis barteri

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 036-042
Author(s):  
Ushie OA ◽  
Iyen SI ◽  
Longbab BD ◽  
Ama SO ◽  
Azuaga TI
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Polar Solvent ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Successive Extraction ◽  
Medicinal Treatment ◽  
Exhaustive Extraction ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The aim of this work was to carry out the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of Haematostaphis barteri. The method of cold maceration was used in the extraction by serial exhaustive extraction method which involves successive extraction with solvents of increasing polarity from a non-polar (hexane) to a more polar solvent (methanol) to ensure that a wide polarity range of compound could be extracted. The results showed that flavonoids, terpenes, terpenes, tannins, and saponins are present in all the leaf extracts. The result of the antimicrobial activity obtained from the extracts of the leaf of Haematostaphis barteri revealed that all the crude extracts of the leaf inhibited or exhibited antibacterial activity against Salmonella paratyphi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Penicillium spp. All the extracts did demonstrate antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger. The plant H. barteri is commonly used traditionally for the treatment of diarrhoea, wound, headache, malaria, dysentery and fevers. The overall results confirm the significance of the use of the plant in traditional medicinal treatment of diarrhea, wound, headache, malaria, dysentery and fevers, in line with reported claims.

scholarly journals Screening of phytochemical compounds, trace metals and antimicrobial activity of Anacyclus pyrethrum

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Subasri ◽  
S. Ahmed John
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Positive Results

In the present study is phytochemicals, trace metals and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Anacyclus pyrethrum. The phytochemical screening of the crude ethanolic root, stem and leaf extracts showed the positive results of steroids, triterpenes, reducing sugar, sugar, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, tannins, anthraquinones and amino acids. The average mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in plant sample were BDL, 0.03, 0.42, 0.79, BDL, BDL and 0.58 mg kg-1, respectively. The descending order of the metal content in the plant sample were: Zn > Fe > Cu > Cd > Cr = Ni = Pb. Among various part of plant extracts studied for antimicrobial activity, root ethanolic extract showed highest of inhibition than leaves and stem ethanolic extracts.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of Sida acuta, Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus muellerianus against microorganisms implicated in urinary tract infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-168
Author(s):  
T. M. Obuotor ◽  
A. O. Kolawole ◽  
F. O. Adeyanju ◽  
S. S. Adewumi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phyllanthus Amarus ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Sida Acuta ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Tract Infections

Increasing level of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial pathogens causing Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most significant public health challenges globally. Hence, the search for alternatives from medicinal plants. This study investigated the efficacy of Phyllanthus amarus (PA), Phyllanthus muellerianus (PM) and Sida acuta (SA) leaf extracts on microorganisms implicated in UTI. Mid-stream urine samples collected from 100 patients clinically diagnosed with UTI were cultured. The microorganisms isolated were identified using their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Methanol leaf extracts of the three plants were obtained by cold maceration in 60% methanol. Crude extract of PM was thereafter purified by solvent partitioning. Antibiotic susceptibility test was determined using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion. Antimicrobial effects of the extracts and oil was ascertained using agar well diffusion. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC) were also determined. Rate of kill and mechanism of action of the purified extract of PM on isolates were investigated. Cytotoxicity of plant extracts were assayed on brine shrimps while synergism of the purified extract with ciprofloxacin was ascertained using overlay inoculum susceptibility disc method. Antioxidant and phytochemical analyses of the extracts were conducted using standard methods. Phytochemical analysis of the leaf extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins and steroids. Antioxidant assay also indicated SA had the highest total flavonoids and phenol content of 339.86 mgQUE/g and 27.63 mgGAE/g. Microorganisms isolated include: Escherichia coli (24%), Proteus mirabilis (24%), Staphylococcus aureus (19%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (13%), Candida albicans (11%), Enterobacter sp. (5%) and Citrobacter sp. (4%). The crude extract of PA had zone of inhibition ranging from 16.7 ± 1.53 mm to 24 ± 1.00 mm while SA crude extract had 14.7 ± 1.53 mm to 27 ± 2.00 mm. PM crude extract had inhibition zones of 17 ± 1.00 mm to 22.3 ± 2.12 mm. The MIC and MBC ranged from 6.25 mg/ml to 50 mg/ml and 12.5 mg/ml to 50 mg/ml respectively. Ethyl acetate fraction of PM showed the highest percentage yield and had a zone diameter range from 13.5 ± 1.00 mm to 28 ± 1.53 mm with MIC and MBC ranges of 6.25 mg/ml – 12.5 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml to 50 mg/ml respectively. Synergism with ciprofloxacin was observed at 25% of the microorganisms, 50% antagonism and 25% additively. Toxicity analysis showed lethal dose concentrations of 19.05 mg/ml, 25.12 mg/ml and 130.11 mg/ml for PM, PA and SA respectively. The findings of this study suggest that the methanol extracts of the medicinal plants used in this study does possess a potent lead molecule in combating microorganisms causing UTI. Key words: Antimicrobial activity, Phyllanthus muellerianus, Phytochemicals, Toxicity, UTI,

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