scholarly journals Evaluation of Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) in Medical Students in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahriar Alian ◽  
Amir Dadashi ◽  
Narges Najafi ◽  
Ahmad Alikhani ◽  
Alireza Davoudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Positive Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Risk Factor

<p><strong>BACKGROUND: </strong>Working in health care units has been known as occupational risk factor in mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection. The TB exposure rate in medical students is more than other people. In several studies significant correlation has been reported between hospital presence hours and positive PPD test prevalence. With regard to morbidity of several medical students and nursing staff due to primary tuberculosis in recent years, we decided to investigate positive tuberculin skin test (TST) prevalence in medical students and examine correlation between positive cases prevalence with presence hours in hospitals.</p><p><strong>METHODS: </strong>This was a cross sectional study and 297 medical students of Mazandaran University of medical sciences were investigated. TST was done with Mantoux method. After 48 hours, injection site induration was measured. Subjects that had induration &lt;10 millimeters were injected again (1-3 weeks later) with same method. (As a booster dose)</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>32 cases (10.7%) had positive test at the first phase. Second phase was done on rest 265 persons and 20 cases had positive test. In summation 52 positive cases (17.5%) were observed. 21 cases of 151 persons (13.9%) in group with &lt;100 hours/annual hospital presence, had positive tests. 21 cases of 71 persons (16.9%) in group with 100-1000 h/a hospital presence (Extern) and 19 cases of 75 people (25.3%) those who had  &gt;1000 h/a hospital presence(Intern),  had positive tests. There was a meaningful statically difference in positive tests, between groups &lt; 1000 hours exposure and the other who had &gt; 1000 hours contact (p=0.032).</p><p><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>Because of, Interns’ high responsibilities and their more involvement in patient’s diagnostic and therapeutic process, they have high chance to contact with undiagnosed and diagnosed tuberculosis patients. Due to these reasons, TB infection rate is increasing among Interns. As a result of these findings, performing PPD test should be considered at the beginning of entrance to hospital departments and then annually. Necessary tasks and following up are needed to new positive cases.</p>

scholarly journals Factors associated with tuberculosis disease among children who are household contacts of tuberculosis cases in an urban setting in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Atika Azit ◽  
Aniza Ismail ◽  
Norfazilah Ahmad ◽  
Rohani Ismail ◽  
Shuhaily Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Investigation Period

Abstract Background With the rise in prevalence of childhood tuberculosis (TB) globally, contact tracing should be a powerful strategy for early diagnosis and management, especially in children who are household contacts of active TB cases. Here, we aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with TB disease in children who are household contacts of TB cases. Methods We used a cross-sectional study with data from the Malaysian TB Information System (TBIS) recorded from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2017. All children aged 0–14 years who were registered in the TBIS with at least one household contact of TB cases were included in the study. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (adj. OR) and for adjusting the confounding factors. Results A total of 2793 children were included in the study. The prevalence of active TB was 1.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31, 1.77%). Children aged < 5 years [adj. OR 9.48 (95% CI: 3.41, 26.36) p < 0.001] with positive tuberculin skin test [adj. OR 395.73 (95% CI: 134.17, 1167.13), p < 0.001] and investigation period of > 6 weeks [adj. OR 7.48 (95% CI: 2.88, 19.43), p < 0.001] had significantly higher odds for TB disease. Conclusions The prevalence of TB disease in children who were household contacts of TB cases is relatively low. However, contact tracing programmes should not only focus on children aged < 5 years and with positive tuberculin skin test results, but also be empowered to reduce the investigation period.

scholarly journals Steroids Decrease Prevalence of Positive Tuberculin Skin Test in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Implications on Anti-TNF Therapies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta Agarwal ◽  
Siddharth Kumar Das ◽  
Girdhar G. Agarwal ◽  
Ragini Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional

Tuberculin skin test has been used as an indicator of latent tuberculosis in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) before administration of biologicals. Effect of Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and steroids on the result of tuberculin skin test (TST) may have important implications in interpretation of results of this test.Objectives. To find the prevalence of positive TST in rheumatoid patients and the effect of standard treatment on the results of TST.Method. In this cross-sectional study two hundred and fifty patients of RA above 18 years of age, classified using 1987 ACR criteria for RA, were enrolled from rheumatology outdoor. Demographics, disease activity, disease duration, and therapy were recorded. All patients underwent TST.Results. Fifty-one (20.4%) patients were found to be tuberculin positive. Tuberculin positivity was not affected by MTX intake but it was significantly low in patients with recent steroid intake as compared to patients who had not taken steroids in last 3 months (3% versus 25%,P= 0.002).Conclusion. Prevalence of tuberculin positivity in patients with RA was found to be low. Results were not affected by methotrexate; however tuberculin skin test results in patients with recent use of steroids are likely to be negative.

scholarly journals Validity of a self-reported history of a positive tuberculin skin test

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1039-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hillary V. Kunins ◽  
Andrea A. Howard ◽  
Robert S. Klein ◽  
Julia H. Arnsten ◽  
Alain H. Litwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Positive Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
History Of

Medical Students Viewpoints towards Development of Telemedicine Methods at Army University of Medical Sciences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Mehrabi ◽  
Fatemeh Kalroozi ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Kazemi-Galougahi ◽  
Erfan Kazemi ◽  
Leila Gholamhosseni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Exclusion Criterion ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive View ◽  
Positive Attitudes

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the viewpoints of medical students towards the development of telemedicine methods at the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran (AJA) University of Medical Sciences. Method: This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study, which lasted 4 months, was performed on 117 medical students of AJA University of Medical Sciences in 2021. In doing so, a Stratified sampling method and researcher-made questionnaire were used to collect data. Thus, the inclusion criterion was being a medicine student and the exclusion criterion was the incomplete completion of the questionnaire. Results: Students showed the most positive view (90.6%) regarding organizational factors to having a codified program in telemedicine development, and the most positive view towards high-speed Internet access (92.3%) concerning technology factors.  In addition, as far as the stakeholders were concerned, they had the most positive view (70.1%) on community support for telemedicine development. As for information literacy, 88.9% emphasized computer and Internet skills. Also, 83.8% had the most positive view on raising awareness for telemedicine development regarding environmental factors. Conclusion: To sum up, the students had the most positive attitudes towards comprehensive telemedicine development plan, high-speed Internet access, and community support for telemedicine development, computer skills, Internet, and awareness. Hence, it is recommended to enhance these factors to help the development and implementation of telemedicine in medical education.

scholarly journals Nutrition knowledge and Attitude in Medical Students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2017-2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Dolatkhah ◽  
Seyed Kazem Shakouri ◽  
Azizeh Farshbaf Khalili ◽  
Majid Hajifaraji ◽  
Maryam Hashemian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Abstract Objectives : In this cross-sectional study among 220 medical students we aimed to determine the nutritional knowledge and attitude of medical students through clinical training courses (externship and internship) of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. A nutritional knowledge questionnaire included 51 questions was used to determine the correct, perceived and accuracy of knowledge of the participant in different aspects of nutrition sciences. Nutritional knowledge was calculated as percentage of correct responses. The nutrition attitude questionnaire included 30 questions. Both questionnaires were confirmed in terms of the validity and reliability for assessing nutritional knowledge and attitude in this sample of Iranian medical students. Results: The mean score of correct knowledge was not significantly different among externs and interns (68.20±7.50% and 67.87±6.04% respectively, p=0.729). Results showed that most of the participants (49.61% of externs and 57.14% of inters) had a poor nutritional knowledge, significantly varied by age (p=0.035). The mean attitude index of the subjects was not significantly different among externs and interns (106.37±13.66 and 108.16±13.35 out of 145 respectively, p=0.337). Most students (92.7%) had a very appropriate attitude toward nutrition, significantly varied by sex (p=0.010). These findings indicate that there are multiple deficiencies in nutrition knowledge of medical students.

scholarly journals Developing a comprehensive tool to assess professional attitude among physicians and medical students

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Yavari ◽  
Fariba Asghari ◽  
Zahra Shahvari ◽  
Saharnaz Nedjat ◽  
Bagher Larijani
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Professional Attitude ◽  
Final Questionnaire ◽  
Students Attitudes

It appears that up until now, no comprehensive tool has been developed to assess medical students’ attitudes toward the different dimensions of professionalism. The present study aimed to develop a comprehensive quantitative tool to evaluate medical students’ attitudes toward professionalism. This study consisted of two phases: The first phase was item generation and questionnaire design based on literature review and a qualitative survey. The qualitative data were extracted from 49 semi-structured individual interviews and one focus group discussion. In the second phase, the questionnaire was developed and its face, content, and structure validity and reliability were evaluated. To measure the construct validity of the questionnaire, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 354 medical students at different academic levels at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The final questionnaire was loaded on five factors. The factors accounted for 43.5% of the total variance. Moreover, Cronbach's alpha was 0.84 for the total scale, and the interclass correlation coefficient was 0.77 for the test-retest reliability. The 17-item questionnaire measuring medical students’ professional attitude had acceptable validity and reliability and can be adopted in other studies on physicians’ and medical students’ professional attitudes.   

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