scholarly journals The Concentration of the Banking Industry and Its Exposure to Financial Contagion

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Mario Eboli
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial Contagion ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Ring Networks ◽  
Systemic Crisis ◽  
Systemic Crises

This paper focuses on the effects that the concentration of the banking industry has on its exposure to the risk of systemic crises due to direct, balance-sheet financial contagion. Studying three stylized (and analytically tractable) classes of interbank networks – namely the complete, star and ring networks – we show that the magnitude of the smallest insolvency shock that is capable of causing the default of all banks in the system depends on the degree of concentration of the industry. Concerning complete and ring interbank networks, we obtain that the more concentrated the banking system is, the smaller the magnitude of the shock that induces the insolvency of the entire system. That is, concentration renders the banking system more fragile. Conversely, we show that the opposite applies to star interbank networks – i.e. networks composed of a bank at the centre connected to a set of peripheral banks that are not connected among themselves. In this case, the more concentrated the industry, the larger the smallest shock that causes a systemic crisis, i.e. the smaller the exposure to systemic risk.

scholarly journals Competitive Advantages of Shadow Banking Industry: An Analysis Using Porter Diamond Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Riasi
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Firm Strategy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Shadow Banking ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Diamond Model ◽  
Shadow Banking System ◽  
Global Financial System

<p>This paper tries to find out why shadow banking system has become so competitive in the global financial system and how it can be controlled. For this reason we use Porter’s diamond model to find the competitive advantages of shadow banking. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that factor conditions, chance and government do not contribute to the competitiveness of shadow banking industry. On the other hand the results suggested that related and supporting industries, firm strategy, structure and rivalry, and demand conditions contribute to the competitiveness of shadow banking industry. It is important to regulate the activities of shadow banking industry in order to prevent this industry from creating systemic risk.</p>

Systemic Risk, Stress Testing, and Financial Contagion

2014 ◽  
pp. 282-310
Author(s):  
Calixto Lopez-Castañon ◽  
Serafin Martinez-Jaramillo ◽  
Fabrizio Lopez-Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial Contagion ◽  
Interbank Market ◽  
Coherent Risk ◽  
Central Bankers ◽  
Standard Risk

Despite the acknowledgment of the relevance of Systemic Risk, there is a lack of consensus on its definition and, more importantly, on the way it should be measured. Fortunately, there is a growing research agenda and more financial regulators, central bankers, and academics have recently been focusing on this field. In this chapter, the authors obtain a distribution of losses for the banking system as a whole. They are convinced that such distribution of losses is the key element that could be used to develop relevant measures for systemic risk. Their model contemplates several aspects, which they consider important regarding the concept of systemic risk: an initial macroeconomic shock, which weakens some institutions (some of them to the point of failure), a contagion process by means of the interbank market, and the resulting losses to the financial system as a whole. Finally, once the distribution is estimated, the authors derive standard risk measures for the system as a whole, focusing on the tail of the distribution (where the catastrophic or systemic events are located). By using the proposed framework, it is also possible to perform stress testing in a coherent way, including second round effects like contagion through the interbank market. Additionally, it is possible to follow the evolution of certain coherent risk measures, like the CVaR, in order to evaluate if the system is becoming more or less risky, in fact, more or less fragile. Additionally, the authors decompose the distribution of losses of the whole banking system into the systemic and the contagion elements and determine if the system is more prone to experience contagious difficulties during a certain period of time.

Systemic Risk, Stress Testing, and Financial Contagion

2013 ◽  
pp. 181-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serafin Martinez-Jaramillo ◽  
Calixto Lopez-Castañon ◽  
Fabrizio Lopez-Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial Contagion ◽  
Coherent Risk Measures ◽  
Interbank Market ◽  
Coherent Risk

By using the proposed framework, it is also possible to perform stress testing in a coherent way, including second round effects like contagion through the interbank market. Additionally, it is possible to follow the evolution of certain coherent risk measures, like the CVaR, in order to evaluate if the system is becoming more or less risky, in fact, more or less fragile. Additionally, the authors decompose the distribution of losses of the whole banking system into the systemic and the contagion elements and determine if the system is more prone to experience contagious difficulties during a certain period of time.

scholarly journals Systemic risk in the banking system: measuring and interpreting the results

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Olena Bezrodna ◽  
Zoia Ivanova ◽  
Yulia Onyshchenko ◽  
Volodymyr Lypchanskyi ◽  
Serhii Rymar
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Regime Types ◽  
Systemic Crisis ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
Systemically Important Banks

Highly concentrated banking system risks and the cumulative effect due to their accumulation act as a driver for improving the macro-prudential policy implemented by central banks. For this reason, an effectively and comprehensively assessed systemic risk in the banking system is declared an express condition for the early detection of its production sources and blocking of potential spreading channels, reducing the possible implementation. In light of this, the article develops an approach to the aggregated systemic risk assessment and interpretation of its results. The proposed approach is based on the considered influence exerted by financial risks of systemically important banks on the destabilized banking system and interconnections between banks in the context of the possible crisis impulse spreading. The following steps should be accomplished to form an aggregated systemic risk indicator in the banking system. Firstly, the differentiation of systemically important banks by the degree of their systemic importance; secondly, an integral assessment of the bank operation riskiness within certain bank groups; thirdly, the cumulative composition of the corresponding integral indicators, taking into account their weighting coefficients based on two criteria, namely values of the systemic importance indicator differentiating the bank groups, and the correlation of their risks. Interpreting the quantitative measurement results with regard to the systemic risk in the banking system is followed by the recommendations below: the systemic risk grading into high, medium and low levels and the respective definition of the threshold aggregated systemic risk indicator value which informs about the possible systemic crisis when approached; justification of the selected supervision regime types (strengthened, moderate or weakened) for systemically important banks, depending on the riskiness level specific for their operation and the systemic importance degree. The developed approach to measuring the systemic risk by means of constructing an aggregated indicator and interpreting the obtained results was being tested considering the financial risk indicators of the systemically important banks in Ukraine during 2009–2018.

scholarly journals Measuring Systemic Risk in the Polish Banking System by Means of the Risk-Based Balance Sheets Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Karkowska
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Risk Modeling ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
New Framework

Abstract The complex connections, spillovers and feedbacks of the global financial crisis remind how important it is to improve the analysis of risk modeling. This article introduces a new framework for mitigating systemic risk by using a risk-adjusted balance sheet approach. In this regard, the analysis of individual banks in Poland shows potential risk which could threaten all the financial system. Traditional banking models do not adequately measure risk position of financial institutions and cannot be used to understand risk within and between balance sheets in the financial sector. A fundamental subject is that accounting balance sheets do not indicate risk exposures, which are forward-looking. The paper concludes new directions for measuring systemic risk by using Merton’s model. It shows how risk management tools can be applied in new ways to measure and analyze systemic risk in the Polish banking system.

scholarly journals Non-Traditional Systemic Risk Contagion within the Chinese Banking Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7954
Author(s):  
Tonmoy Choudhury ◽  
Simone Scagnelli ◽  
Jaime Yong ◽  
Zhaoyong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Chinese Banking Industry ◽  
Contagion Risk ◽  
Chinese Banking

Systemic risk contagion is a key issue in the banking sector in maintaining financial system stability. This study is among the first few to use three different distance-to-risk measures to empirically assess the domestic interbank linkages and systemic contagion risk of the Chinese banking industry, by using bivariate dynamic conditional correlation GARCH model on data collected from eight prominent Chinese banks for the period 2006–2018. The results show a relatively high correlation among almost all the banks, suggesting an interconnectedness among the banks. We found evidence that the banking system is exposed to significant domestic contagion risks arising from systemic defaults. Given that Chinese markets deliver weak signals of forthcoming stress in banking sectors, new policy intervention is crucial to resolve the hidden stress in the system. The results have important policy implications and will provide scholars and policymakers further insight into the risk contagion originating from interbank networks.

scholarly journals Prediction of Systemic Risk Contagion Based on a Dynamic Complex Network Model Using Machine Learning Algorithm

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jiannan Yu ◽  
Jinlou Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
The Stability

It is well known that the interbank market is able to effectively provide financial liquidity for the entire banking system and maintain the stability of the financial market. In this paper, we develop an innovative complex network approach to simulate an interbank network with systemic risk contagion that takes into account the balance sheet of each bank, from which we can identify if the financial institutions have sufficient capital reserves to prevent risk contagion. Cascading defaults are also generated in the simulation according to different crisis-triggering (targeted defaults) methods. We also use machine learning techniques to identify the synthetic features of the network. Our analysis shows that the topological factors and market factors in the interbank network have significant impacts on the risk spreading. Overall, this paper provides a scientific method for policy-makers to select the optimal management policy for handling systemic risk.

scholarly journals Systemic Risk Caused by the Overlapping Portfolios of Banks Under a Bilateral Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Gao ◽  
Hong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Optimal Investment ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Price Cutting ◽  
Cutting Effect ◽  
The Impact

Frequent financial crises and economic globalization have made systemic risk a growing Research Topic. This paper constructs a dynamic banking system model based on the bank-asset bilateral network. By collecting the balance sheet and portfolio data of 47 Chinese listed banks in 2018, the paper firstly empirically analyses the impact of external shocks, the price-cutting effect, and the proportion of various assets held by banks to their total assets on the systemic risk of the banking system. The risk preference coefficient and systemic shock are then introduced to construct the banks' quantitative portfolio strategy model to study its optimal investment. It has been found that the greater the external shock and the stronger the price-cutting effect, the higher the systemic risk. Moreover, the external shock and price-cutting effect will have a superimposed effect within a specific range, and systemic risk will increase significantly. The asset classes of the Chinese banking system have a different sensitivity to external shocks, among which loan assets are the most sensitive. Further studies reveal an inflection point of risk preference, resulting in banks' expected return “increasing first and then decreasing.” The higher the debt-asset ratio and the stronger the banks' risk tolerance, the more aggressive investment strategies banks can choose to achieve high returns. This paper provides a reference for the banking industry to react to shocks and analyze systemic risk.

scholarly journals Community Structure and Systemic Risk of Bank Correlation Networks Based on the U.S. Financial Crisis in 2008

Algorithms ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Yajing Huang ◽  
Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Correlation Network ◽  
Power Law Distribution ◽  
Correlation Networks

This paper studies the community structure of the bank correlation network in the financial system and analyzes the systemic risk of the community sub-networks. Based on the balance sheet data of U.S. commercial banks from 2008, we establish a bank correlation network for each state according to the banks’ investment portfolio ratio. First, we analyze the community structure of each bank’s correlation network and verify the effectiveness of the community division from the point of view of the importance of nodes. Then, combining the data of failed banks after the 2008 financial crisis, we find that for small communities, the financial systemic risk will appear to have obvious volatility, and it is quite likely to reach an extremely high level. With the increase in the number of nodes in the community, systemic risk will tend towards a stable and low level. Furthermore, if only communities with failed banks are considered, the regression analysis shows that systemic risk and the size of the community almost follow a power law distribution trend. These results reveal the importance of supervising the banking system at the level of community sub-networks, which has certain guiding significance for the stability of the financial system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document