scholarly journals A Pedagogical View of English/Urdu Collocations

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Saleem Akhter ◽  
Behzad Anwar ◽  
Abrar Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Esl Students ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
English Language Teachers ◽  
Knowledge Of Language

To build a sound vocabulary and to give the basic knowledge of language to ESL students is one of the key issues for English language teachers in Pakistan. They emphasize single word vocabulary build-up along with grammatical construction of a sentence at the same time by making its Urdu translation without taking any considerable notice of the use of collocation (the naturally co-occurring words) not by chance but chosen by the native speakers consistently as a psycholinguistic consideration. This phenomenon results in the development of erroneous writing and speaking skills on the part of ESL students. So, the purpose of present study is to give a concrete description of English/Urdu collocations and to highlight the scope of English/Urdu collocations in Second Language Acquisition and Learning. A corpus based approach has been adopted to give the description of English/Urdu collocations based on contrastive analysis to point out the equivalent and non-equivalent collocations. The data is analyzed to emphasize the importance of teaching non-equivalent English/Urdu collocations to Pakistani students. This brief paper suggests the practical solutions of the present problem.

scholarly journals The Causes of English Writing Anxiety among Pakistani ESL Students: Perceptions of Teachers and Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fareed ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Huma Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Esl Students ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Writing Anxiety ◽  
Language Writing ◽  
English Language Teachers ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Public And Private Sector

English language writing skills play a significant role in academic and professional lives in the ESL context. Anxiety can have debilitating effects on learning English language listening, reading, speaking and writing skills. The objective of the current study was to explore the causes of writing anxiety in Pakistani undergraduate ESL students. The data for this study were collected from Pakistani ESL students and English language teachers in Karachi with asample that had both public and private-sector representation. Group interviews were held to collect the data. Interview protocols were designed for the interviews of the students and the teachers and checked for self-validity and expert validity. Three group interviews were carried out with the undergraduate ESL students and two with the ESL English language teachers. All of the interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Respondent validation technique was used for the transcription and similarly, inter-coder reliability was carried out for respondents’ Urdu translation into English. The findings revealed multiple causes of Pakistani ESL students’ English language writing anxiety.

scholarly journals English Language Teachers’ Oral Corrective Preferences and Practices Across Proficiency Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-177
Author(s):  
Sajjad Sepehrinia ◽  
Nahid Fallah ◽  
Soad Torfi
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
English Language ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Teacher Education Programs ◽  
Advanced Learners ◽  
English Language Teachers

Studies on oral error correction in second language acquisition have been tilted towards cognitive aspects ignoring the affective and practical dimensions. This study attempted to fill this gap by investigating the role of students’ proficiency levels in five English language teachers’ corrective behavior. Follow-up interviews were conducted with the observed teachers. The results showed that the teachers provided more corrections to less proficient learners though they preferred more correction for advanced learners and used mainly recast for both groups, avoiding explicit forms of correction. They were mainly concerned with the affective aspects of oral error correction and acted on their own value system and teaching experience. The findings carry important implications for teacher education programs and the studies in this regard.

On professional identity of English language teachers

10.12737/3591 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-108
Author(s):  
Галина Чудайкина ◽  
Galina Chudaykina
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Foreign Language Teachers ◽  
Professional Background ◽  
English Language Teachers ◽  
English Speaking

A vast majority of English language teachers in Russia are not native speakers with no or inadequately little personal experience of living in an English-speaking country. What are the specifics of teaching in view of such an authenticity-lacking professional background, and how does the personality of a teacher reveal itself and is transformed in the course of teaching? How does language teaching affect self-identification? What should a teacher focus on attaining or, by contrast, avoiding in view of the above-raised issues? A significant number of foreign language teachers who are not native speakers demonstrate a clear non-target-language-specific accent, thus, either inadvertently or purposefully, revealing and asserting their national identity. The author of the article aims at identifying the problems that the teacher’s explicit target-language-alien accent may cause to both learners and teachers, and the root causes of the accent resilience.

Dogme ELT: A Liberal Perspective in English Language Teaching in the Post-Methods Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Quang Nguyen Nhat ◽  
Hung Bui Phi
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
English Language Teachers

This paper aims to make a critical discussion of Dogme ELT, an innovative pedagogy in English language teaching first developed by Thornbury (2000). This paper first provides a comprehensive review of second language acquisition and pedagogical theories as well as post-methods era perspectives in English language teaching. After that, the authors discuss different aspects of Dogme ELT and figure out the room for Dogme ELT in English language teaching in the post-methods era. Dogme ELT is rooted in a conglomerate of compatible theories in second language learning and teaching. The most noticeable perspective may be that the language teachers should not rely mainly on prescribed coursebooks, but teach design tasks based on learners’ problems and interests. There should be more studies on various aspects of Dogme ELT, although it satisfies most, if not all, basic principles in English language teaching theoretically. The authors also figure out gaps in research and recommendations for English language teachers and learners.

scholarly journals Blame the Message Senders Not the Messenger: The Defence Case of the English “Native Speaker” Teacher

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Muneer Hezam Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
State University ◽  
Pay Gap ◽  
Nonnative Speaker ◽  
English Language Teachers ◽  
Native Speaker Teacher ◽  
The Uk

This article investigates how “native speaker” teachers define who a “native speaker” is and how they view themselves in relation to the concept. It further explores how they feel about discriminatory practices in employability and the pay gap that are systemically carried out against their “nonnative speaker” counterparts by recruiters. Data were gathered from 10 English language teachers: five males and five females from the UK, Canada, Ireland, and South Africa, who were hired by a state university in Saudi Arabia on the basis that they are “native speakers.” The findings show that although the place of birth and the official status of English in a given country were the main defining criteria for hiring a “native speaker,” the interviewees did not view the concept of the “native speaker” in the same ways as their recruiters did, who they believed used those criteria in an overly simplistic and reductive way rooted in native-speakerism. The findings also show that the participants did not enjoy the unjustified privileges given to them by their recruiters at the expense of their “non-native speaker” colleagues. Instead, in some cases, they attempted to confront their recruiters over such discriminatory practices, and in some others, they attempted to bridge the gap and ease the tension between themselves and their “nonnative speaker” counterparts, although these efforts were hindered by the system’s unfair and unjust practices.

The Effectiveness of Using Technology on Students' Speaking Skills in an ESL Traditional Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Yahya Ashour Alkhoudary
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Virtual Learning Environment ◽  
Traditional Classroom ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Esl Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
English Language Teachers

This investigation scrutinizes the influence of utilizing blended learning model, or makes use of both direct instruction and online learning in an ESL classroom. A random sample of 60 college students majoring in English was selected randomly and divided into two groups: Experimental group (Ex.) 30, and Controlled group (Conc.) 30. Pre-and post- speaking tests were administrated to both groups. Moreover, 15 English language teachers are called on to be included in this inquiry. Furthermore, interviews were conducted to check the participants' attitude towards this teaching strategy. The findings of inspection revealed that (Ex.) outperformed (Cont.G) in the post-test achievement. Further, this examination uncovers that incorporating melded learning model comes up with superb results among ESL students. Additionally, it demonstrates that such a system leads to learner autonomy and high-powered instruction. This exploration comes to conclude that integrating appropriate technology as an assertive method in classroom is of paramount importance to promote language skills' quality in a virtual learning environment.

scholarly journals REFUSAL STRATEGIES USED BY MALAY ESL STUDENTSAND ENGLISH NATIVE SPEAKERS TO REFUSE A REQUEST

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Saad ◽  
Siti Jamilah Bidin ◽  
Ahmad Affendi Shabdin
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Politeness Theory ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
English Language Teachers ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Refusal Strategies

The present study investigates similarities and differences of a speech act of refusal in English as realized by Malay Speakers of English (MSE) and Native Speakers of English (NSE). The study examined the types and also the contents of the strategies used by the two groups when refusing a request made by a higher status interlocutor. An Enhanced Open Role-play was utilized to obtain data on the types and content of refusal strategies. Participants of the study comprised 12 MSE undergraduate students from a local university and 12 NSE who were IGSCE and Diploma Baccalaureate students from an international school who had refused to the higher status interlocutor’s request. Qualitative data analytic methods were used to analyse the data which were classified into semantic refusal strategies and politeness strategies. Brown’s and Levinson’s politeness theory, Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and Hall’s high- and low-context cultures were used to guide the study. The findings revealed that the two groups shared many similarities in terms of types and contents of the strategies when refusing to the higher status interlocutor’s requests. Nevertheless, the NSE demonstrated a higher use of direct strategies and the content of their indirect strategies and adjuncts to refusal strategies reflect the western individualistic values.  The MSEs,’ on the other hand exhibited the eastern values which prioritize group’s importance. These findings provide further insights on the complexities of refusal interaction and the patterns could be used by English language teachers as pragmatic input to develop English as a Second Language students’ ability to use socially appropriate language for the situation they encounter.

Native-speakerism and ‘hidden curricula’ in ELT training

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Lowe ◽  
Luke Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Hidden Curriculum ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
English Language Teachers ◽  
Individual Training

Issues surrounding native-speakerism in ELT have been investigated from a diverse range of research perspectives over the last decade. This study uses a duoethnographic approach in order to explore the concept of a 'hidden curriculum' that instils and perpetuates Western 'native speaker' norms and values in the formal and informal training of English language teachers. We found that, despite differences in our own individual training experiences, a form of 'hidden curriculum' was apparent that had a powerful effect on our initial beliefs and practices as teachers and continues to influence our day-to-day teaching.

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