scholarly journals The Iraqi EFL Learners’ Use of Permission, Obligation and Prohibition

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jasim Betti ◽  
Zainab Kadim Igaab ◽  
Muna Talib Hussein Al-Ghizzi
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
College Of Education ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Different Types ◽  
University College ◽  
Recognition Level ◽  
Better Than

The study aims at specifying the different types of directives available in the literature about speech acts; showing their relationship; and investigating the ability of the Iraqi EFL learners to recognize and produce the aforementioned speech acts. To validate the hypotheses of the study, a test is used to measure the ability of the fourth year subjects, at Thi-Qar University, College of Education for humanities, to recognize and produce permission, obligation and prohibition. It is hypothesized that the Iraqi EFL learners’ performance at the recognition level is better than that at the production of permission, obligation and prohibition; their performance of permission at both the recognition and production levels is better than that of obligation and permission; they tend to use some specific linguistic forms which are characteristic of the types of directives. The study concludes that the subjects’ performance at the recognition and production levels do not reveal a moderate mastering of permission, obligation and prohibition. In spite of that, their recognition level is better than their production and they have weaknesses at the pragmatic level of the selected directives.

scholarly journals The Effect of Gender on the Bilingual and Bicultural Identity of the Iraqi EFL Learners' Recognition and Production of Request

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. p32
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jasim Betti ◽  
Zainab Kadhim Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
College Of Education ◽  
Bicultural Identity ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Culture Influence ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Better Than

This study examines the effect of gender on students' bilingual and bicultural identity in their recognition and production of request is studied. This means that it investigates to what extent the learners’ mother tongue and culture influence their recognition and production of request in the EFL and the effect of gender on such an identity. The study aims at exploring and identifying the linguistic patterns of request in English used by Iraqi EFL learners, those patterns of request transferred from Iraqi EFL learners’ mother tongue, and the Iraqi EFL learners’ cultural patterns and cultural realization of request transferred from Arabic culture into the EFL. Some hypotheses of the study state that there is a bilingual and cultural identity in using request by Iraqi EFL learners, females are better than males in request perception and production and they are worse in Arabic monolingualism and monoculturalism, students are better in English monolingualism and monoculturalism than in the other request features, students’ English monolingual and monocultural identity is more apparent in request perception than in production. To validate or refute its hypotheses, a test comprising recognition and production has been constructed and applied to fifty Iraqi EFL learners at fourth year, Department of English, College of Education for Humanities, University of Thi-Qar at the academic year (2020-2021). After data analysis, some conclusions are arrived at. The study concludes that Iraqi EFL learners are pragmatically incompetent and they have a bilingual and bicultural identity because of their mother tongue and culture interference.

scholarly journals The Iraqi EFL Learners’ Use of Conversational Maxims at the University Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. p43
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jasim Betti ◽  
Karrar Salim Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Test ◽  
College Of Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Gricean Maxims ◽  
University Level ◽  
Recognition Level ◽  
The University

The current study is an attempt to measure the Iraqi EFL learners’ use of conversational maxims at the recognition level. The study aims at testing whether the Iraqi EFL learners observe or flout the Gricean maxims, assessing the Iraqi EFL learners’ mastery of the conversational maxims, and identifying which maxim(s) is/are frequently flouted. The study hypothesizes that the Iraqi EFL learners flout all the maxims of conversation, the maxim of relation is the least flouted one, the Iraqi EFL learners find the maxims difficult to adhere to, and the maxim of quantity is mostly flouted. The subjects of the study are a hundred Iraqi EFL learners at the fourth-year, Dept. of English, College of Education for Humanities, University of Al-Muthanna. The data elicitation toolis a recognition test designed in accordance with nature of the study. The study brings forth the conclusions that the subjects have a difficulty in utilizing the maxims altogether, they flout all the conversational maxims in relatively different degrees, and the learners are mostly abided by the maxim of relation more than the other ones.

scholarly journals Iraqi EFL University Students’ Linguistic Strategies in Approaching Warning and Prohibition

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Abbas Lutfi Hussein ◽  
Saad Qasim Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
University Students ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Linguistic Strategies ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Efl College Students ◽  
Better Than

This paper aims at detecting Iraqi EFL students’ ability in recognizing and producing the speech acts of warning and prohibition, finding the reasons behind their failure and attempting to find possible solutions. The data are responses of 60 fourth year Iraqi EFL college students who participated to answer a two-part test of recognition and production. It is hypothesized that the Iraqi EFL learners commit more errors in producing SAs of warning and prohibition than recognizing these two SAs, they find more difficulty in handling the SA of prohibition than of warning, they show a tendency towards using a particular strategy to express the SAs of warning and prohibition, and they also confuse the SAs of warning and prohibition with other relevant SAs at the recognition and production levels. The paper concludes that Iraqi EFL learners recognize warning expressions better than those conveying prohibition. They also show sufficient awareness in issuing warning strategies in various situations. By contrast, they display a poor awareness of using various strategies in performing the SA of prohibition. Furtherly, the students’ level in recognizing the SAs of warning and prohibition is higher than their level in producing these SAs. Correspondingly, in producing the SAs of warning, Iraqi EFL learners show a higher preference for using negative imperative, modals and if-conditional strategies more than other types in most of the situations, whereas in communicating the SA of prohibition, they employ negative imperatives and modals more than any other construction.

scholarly journals Iraqi EFL Learners' Recognition and Production of English Derivational Suffixes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (132) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Mubdir Shihab Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Choice ◽  
College Of Education ◽  
Multiple Choice Question ◽  
Production Level ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Ibn Rushd ◽  
Recognition Level ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Different Parts

This study aims at testing the Iraqi EFL learners' recognition and production of the derivational suffixes in English and namely, noun, verb, adjective, and adverb. It is hypothesized that the Iraqi EFL learners find difficulty in forming new correct parts of speech from the roots due to their unsureness of the suitable derivational suffixes. Also, they tend to use derivational suffixes with different parts of speech depending on different factors like guessing and generalization. The sample of this study is fourth-year Iraqi students of the Department of English/ College of Education Ibn Rushd/ Universitry of Baghdad of the academic year (2014-2015). To achieve the aim of this study a test, which comprises two questions, has been constructed. A multiple-choice question at the recognition level and a completion question at the production level are constructed. The findings of the test show that Iraqi EFL university learners face difficulty in recognizing and producing the derivational suffixes of different parts of speech. In the light of the results, some conclusions have been drawn and a number of recommendations and suggestions have been presented.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Written Corrective Feedback as a Tool to Reduce Learners’ Errors on L2 Writing

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Aisha Tanveer ◽  
Mehwish Malghani ◽  
Durdana Khosa ◽  
Maria Khosa
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Better Than

Over the last few decades, considerable research has been done to investigate the role of written corrective feedback in SLA classrooms. However, early researches suffered from major design flaws and consequently failed to draw any definite conclusions. In order to move this line of research it is important to analyze the issue in EFL/ESL settings. This research study, by applying quantitative research design, seeks to investigate the effectiveness of WCF on 30 low-intermediate EFL learners and their error reduction rate on pre, post and delayed posttest. Two different types of WCF (direct and indirect metalinguistic) were provided on two error categories, i.e. articles and past tense. Statistical analysis indicated that both treatment groups performed significantly better than control group on subsequent drafts. Thus, the present study by proving the efficacy of WCF at least on above mentioned error categories strengthens the case in favor of WCF in L2 classrooms.

scholarly journals Investigating Iraqi EFL Learners’ Performance in Utilizing the Speech Acts of Advice and Suggestion

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Deygan Darweesh ◽  
Nesaem Mehdi Al-Aadili
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
College Of Education ◽  
Social Variable ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Completion Task ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pragmatic Strategies

This study explores the pragmatic strategies of the English speech acts of “suggestion” and “advice” as used by Iraqi EFL university students. The data analyzed in this study were collected in the Dept. of English, College of Education, University of Babylon. The subjects encompass 50 Iraqi EFL undergraduate learners who are native speakers of Arabic. The gender of the subjects is taken into consideration during the execution of the speech acts in question. The instrument of the study is a discourse completion task (DCT) consisting of two questions. In responding to the questions, the participants are asked to pay heed to the social variable of status to see whether it affects the execution of the speech acts under study.

Design, Development and Comparison of Heuristic Driven Algorithms Based on the Crossed Domain Products’ Reviews for User’s Summarization

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 884-892
Author(s):  
Sartaj Ahmad ◽  
Ashutosh Gupta ◽  
Neeraj Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Recent Time ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Use Of Internet ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Better Than

Background: In recent time, people love online shopping but before any shopping feedbacks or reviews always required. These feedbacks help customers in decision making for buying any product or availing any service. In the country like India this trend of online shopping is increasing very rapidly because awareness and the use of internet which is increasing day by day. As result numbers of customers and their feedbacks are also increasing. It is creating a problem that how to read all reviews manually. So there should be some computerized mechanism that provides customers a summary without spending time in reading feedbacks. Besides big number of reviews another problem is that reviews are not structured. Objective: In this paper, we try to design, implement and compare two algorithms with manual approach for the crossed domain Product’s reviews. Methods: Lexicon based model is used and different types of reviews are tested and analyzed to check the performance of these algorithms. Results: Algorithm based on opinions and feature based opinions are designed, implemented, applied and compared with the manual results and it is found that algorithm # 2 is performing better than algorithm # 1 and near to manual results. Conclusion: Algorithm # 2 is found better on the different product’s reviews and still to be applied on other product’s reviews to enhance its scope. Finally, it will be helpful to automate existing manual process.

scholarly journals Fighting Together against the Pandemic: Learning Multiple Models on Tomography Images for COVID-19 Diagnosis

AI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-273
Author(s):  
Mario Manzo ◽  
Simone Pellino
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Ensemble Classification ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Neural Network Architecture ◽  
Experimental Phase ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Better Than

COVID-19 has been a great challenge for humanity since the year 2020. The whole world has made a huge effort to find an effective vaccine in order to save those not yet infected. The alternative solution is early diagnosis, carried out through real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests or thorax Computer Tomography (CT) scan images. Deep learning algorithms, specifically convolutional neural networks, represent a methodology for image analysis. They optimize the classification design task, which is essential for an automatic approach with different types of images, including medical. In this paper, we adopt a pretrained deep convolutional neural network architecture in order to diagnose COVID-19 disease from CT images. Our idea is inspired by what the whole of humanity is achieving, as the set of multiple contributions is better than any single one for the fight against the pandemic. First, we adapt, and subsequently retrain for our assumption, some neural architectures that have been adopted in other application domains. Secondly, we combine the knowledge extracted from images by the neural architectures in an ensemble classification context. Our experimental phase is performed on a CT image dataset, and the results obtained show the effectiveness of the proposed approach with respect to the state-of-the-art competitors.

scholarly journals Directive Speech Acts in English and Spanish Filmspeak

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-125
Author(s):  
Carlos de Pablos-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
Spanish Film ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Directive Speech Acts ◽  
Film Scripts ◽  
Directive Speech ◽  
Local Grammar

AbstractThe main aim of the study is to ascertain contrastively, in English and Spanish, how directive speech acts are represented in film discourse. For the purpose of the investigation, the directive speech acts of 24 films, 12 in English and 12 in Spanish, were extracted and analysed. A classification taxonomy, inspired by previous research, was created in order to categorize the different types of directive speech acts and determine their level of (in)directness. The results show that indirectness is more widely represented in the English than in the Spanish film scripts, thus confirming the assertion that being indirect is a distinctive feature of English native speakers (Grundy, 2008). This research makes a valuable contribution to the exploration of speech acts in filmspeak and informs the existing local grammar descriptions of the linguistic patterns of directive speech acts.

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