scholarly journals Blatant Dehumanization is Not Influenced by Dual Identity Labels: Evidence from the Canadian Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Carl Michael Galang ◽  
Michael Ku ◽  
Sukhvinder S. Obhi
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Intergroup Processes ◽  
Dual Identity ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
Additional Group ◽  
Canadian Context

Blatant dehumanization has been shown to be prevalent in modern society. However, little work has explored the possible ways in which blatant dehumanization may be attenuated. The current study addresses this gap in the literature by exploring if activating a dual identity attenuates (or even erases) blatant dehumanization. To investigate these issues, Canadian participants completed the “Ascent of Man” scale, rating various groups in terms of their perceived evolutionary qualities. Half of our participants saw labels with the qualifier “-Canadians” attached, while the other half saw no such qualifier. Results showed that, regardless of whether the “-Canadians” label was provided, participants rated Filipinos, Christians, Arabs, Muslims, and Indigenous groups as significantly lower than Whites on the evolution scale. As such, provision of the additional group label “-Canadians” did not influence the manifestation of blatant dehumanization. We also found that ratings on the evolution scale significantly correlated with both Social Dominance Orientation and Empathic Concern levels, such that stronger adherence to current power structures and social hierarchies showed stronger blatant dehumanization, while those with a high pre-disposition for altruistic behaviours and emotions showed weaker blatant dehumanization. We discuss our results in the light of other research on blatant dehumanization and intergroup processes.  

scholarly journals Tests of Social Dominance on Charitable Intent Towards Minorities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zacchaeus Bastion
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
First Year ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Antisocial Attitudes ◽  
The One

<p>This thesis investigates the hypothesis that the design of adverts for charitable causes may be unintentionally priming viewers in Social Dominance Orientation (SDO: Pratto, Sidanius, Stallworth, & Malle, 1994). Huang and Liu (2005) found evidence that presenting people with material that makes social hierarchies salient can temporarily increase a person's level of SDO. As many charities make differences in social hierarchy salient as part of their advertisement campaigns, it is possible that such advertisements may unintentionally prime the SDO of viewers. Given prior research that indicates that high SDO is correlated with antisocial attitudes (Sibley & Duckitt, 2010), such priming may be reducing the likelihood that viewers would donate towards the charitable cause. First, a pre-test was conducted to test the psychometric structure and reliability of the SDO7 (Ho, et al., in print) and the Counter Dominance Orientation measure (CDO: Pratto et al., 2012). Confirmatory factor analysis of each measure found a four-factor model of SDO and a two-factor model of CDO. Subsequently, 139 first-year students of psychology were used to test the previously-mentioned hypothesis. Participants were asked to critically evaluate one of two adverts for a student support service, with the one in the experimental condition being for a service for Māori and Pacifica students. The intent of this advert was to prime viewers on SDO. Afterwards, they engaged in a hypothetical public goods game where a portion of the money pool would go towards the service the advert was for. If the hypothesis was correct, participants who were primed on SDO would be less willing to contribute towards a cause that supported minorities, but the data did not support this. Implications and potential future research, both for the new measures and the hypothesis are explored.</p>

scholarly journals Tests of Social Dominance on Charitable Intent Towards Minorities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zacchaeus Bastion
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
First Year ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Antisocial Attitudes ◽  
The One

<p>This thesis investigates the hypothesis that the design of adverts for charitable causes may be unintentionally priming viewers in Social Dominance Orientation (SDO: Pratto, Sidanius, Stallworth, & Malle, 1994). Huang and Liu (2005) found evidence that presenting people with material that makes social hierarchies salient can temporarily increase a person's level of SDO. As many charities make differences in social hierarchy salient as part of their advertisement campaigns, it is possible that such advertisements may unintentionally prime the SDO of viewers. Given prior research that indicates that high SDO is correlated with antisocial attitudes (Sibley & Duckitt, 2010), such priming may be reducing the likelihood that viewers would donate towards the charitable cause. First, a pre-test was conducted to test the psychometric structure and reliability of the SDO7 (Ho, et al., in print) and the Counter Dominance Orientation measure (CDO: Pratto et al., 2012). Confirmatory factor analysis of each measure found a four-factor model of SDO and a two-factor model of CDO. Subsequently, 139 first-year students of psychology were used to test the previously-mentioned hypothesis. Participants were asked to critically evaluate one of two adverts for a student support service, with the one in the experimental condition being for a service for Māori and Pacifica students. The intent of this advert was to prime viewers on SDO. Afterwards, they engaged in a hypothetical public goods game where a portion of the money pool would go towards the service the advert was for. If the hypothesis was correct, participants who were primed on SDO would be less willing to contribute towards a cause that supported minorities, but the data did not support this. Implications and potential future research, both for the new measures and the hypothesis are explored.</p>

Intergroup Processes

2018 ◽  
pp. 620-644
Author(s):  
Linda R. Tropp ◽  
Ludwin E. Molina
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Social Categorization ◽  
Prejudice Reduction ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Contact Theory ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Intergroup Contact Theory ◽  
Intergroup Processes ◽  
Social Segregation

This chapter reviews individual and contextual processes that explain why prejudice exists in diverse societies and what processes and strategies can contribute to its reduction. The first half of the chapter discusses origins and definitions of intergroup prejudice, along with ideological and structural factors that support the endurance of intergroup prejudice, such as authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and patterns of social segregation. The second half discusses strategies and processes involved in prejudice reduction, with a particular emphasis on those derived from intergroup contact theory, including situational conditions, social categorization, cross-group friendships, and motivational processes such as anxiety reduction and empathy. Taken together, this chapter highlights that prejudice and its diminution are best understood when individual and contextual factors, and their interaction, are jointly employed to illuminate negative and positive intergroup relations between groups.

Social Dominance Orientation Predicts Opposition to Hierarchy-Attenuating Intergroup Apologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1651-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanishka Karunaratne ◽  
Simon M. Laham
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
International Study ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Total N ◽  
Negative Effect

People who value social hierarchy may resist giving intergroup apologies because such apologies may attenuate the very hierarchies that these people value. We tested this claim across four studies (total N = 541) by examining associations between social dominance orientation (SDO)—a measure of preference for social hierarchy—and support for intergroup apologies. We found that higher SDO scores, and specifically the antiegalitarianism subdimension (social dominance orientation–egalitarianism [SDO-E]), predicted less apology support among U.S. residents in both domestic (Study 1) and international (Study 2) contexts. In Study 3, we found that the effect generalizes to an Australian cultural context. In Study 4, we demonstrated that the negative effect of SDO-E can extend to third-party contexts and is only observed when apologizing would be hierarchy attenuating. These studies show that the desire to maintain social hierarchies is an important driver of opposition to hierarchy-attenuating intergroup apologies.

scholarly journals Supporting social hierarchy is associated with White police officers’ use of force

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (18) ◽  
pp. e2007693118
Author(s):  
Jillian K. Swencionis ◽  
Enrique R. Pouget ◽  
Phillip Atiba Goff
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Patrol Officers ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Black Officers ◽  
Force Relationship

Three studies translate social dominance theory to policing, testing the relationship between individual officers’ endorsement of social hierarchies and their tendency to use force against residents. This article demonstrates a link between officer psychological factors and force. Because police are empowered to use force to maintain social order, and because White officers hold a dominant racial identity, we hypothesized social dominance orientation (SDO) would relate to force positively for White officers. For Black officers, we hypothesized a weak relationship between SDO and force, if any. To test these predictions, we examined the relationships between SDO and force using negative binomial regression models stratified by officer race. In an eastern city, SDO relates to force incidents positively for White officers and negatively for Black officers. In a southern city, SDO relates to force positively for White officers, and not significantly for Black officers. Stratified by race and rank, a second eastern city shows a marginally significant, positive SDO/force relationship for White patrol officers, and no significant SDO/force relationship for Black patrol officers. Finally, testing our hypotheses on a dataset pooled across these cities revealed a positive SDO/force relationship among White officers, and no significant SDO/force relationship among Black officers. These findings are consistent with our hypotheses and suggest a need to examine the role that maintaining social hierarchies plays in police behaviors. Future research must continue to investigate these relationships, especially with larger samples of non-White officers, and information about officers’ patrol environments.

scholarly journals Social Dominance Orientation (SDO)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Haarklau Kleppestø
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Social Dominance Theory ◽  
Social Hierarchies

Human societies tend to structure themselves as group-based social hierarchies such that some groups enjoy greater access to fitness-relevant resources such as prestige, wealth, social status, healthcare, food, homes, mates, and so on. Social Dominance Theory (SDT, Sidanius &amp; Pratto, 1999) asks the questions why and how group-based hierarchies are continuously reproduced, at least among surplus-producing societies. The theoretical framework spans macro-structural, institutional, ideological, social role, individual, and behavioural genetic levels of analysis to address this question and postulates that humans have a predisposition to navigate group-based social structures (Kleppestø et al., 2019; Kunst, Fischer, Sidanius, &amp; Thomsen, 2017; Pratto, Sidanius, &amp; Levin, 2006; Sidanius, Cotterill, Sheehy-Skeffington, Kteily, &amp; Carvacho, 2016; Sidanius &amp; Pratto, 1999).

Exploring the Multidimensional Facets of Authoritarianism: Authoritarian Aggression and Social Dominance Orientation

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Passini
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

The relation between authoritarianism and social dominance orientation was analyzed, with authoritarianism measured using a three-dimensional scale. The implicit multidimensional structure (authoritarian submission, conventionalism, authoritarian aggression) of Altemeyer’s (1981, 1988) conceptualization of authoritarianism is inconsistent with its one-dimensional methodological operationalization. The dimensionality of authoritarianism was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 713 university students. As hypothesized, the three-factor model fit the data significantly better than the one-factor model. Regression analyses revealed that only authoritarian aggression was related to social dominance orientation. That is, only intolerance of deviance was related to high social dominance, whereas submissiveness was not.

Social dominance orientation: Predicting negative perceptions and negative applicant ratings of the homeless

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles B. Walters ◽  
Morgan Melton ◽  
Corey Engle ◽  
Eric Klein ◽  
Chantal Gould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Negative Perceptions
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