scholarly journals Weed Suppression by Cover Plants in the Amazonian

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Leandro Amorim Damasceno ◽  
José Eduardo Borges Carvalho ◽  
Francisco Alisson Xavier ◽  
Ansselmo Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Gerlândio Suassuna Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Leaf Area Ratio ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Jack Bean

The productivity of citrus plants has not reached its maximum potential due to the action of several factors that directly affect agricultural profitability. Among these factors, weed interference has a great importance since it causes a reduction in crop productivity. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different cover crops on suppression of weeds in an orange orchard. The research was conducted in a commercial orange production area located in Rio Preto da Eva, AM, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block design with six treatments and four replications. Treatments were control, millet, jack bean, forage turnip, brachiaria, millet + jack bean. The evaluated characteristics were weed density, soil cover percentage, total weed dry matter, total cover plant dry matter and growth indices (leaf area index, leaf area ratio, and specific leaf area). Cover plants provided a good dry matter production and had a suppressive effect on weed growth, except for forage turnip. Brachiaria and jack bean presented the highest values of leaf area index and leaf area ratio.

scholarly journals Growth and yield of wheat at different dates of sowing under chrland ecosystem of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Kamrozzaman ◽  
MAH Khan ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
N Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Crop Growth Rate

An experiment was conducted at Sadipur charland under Farming System Research and Development Site, Hatgobindapur, Faridpur, during rabi season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the growth and yield performance of cv. BARI Gom-24 as affected by different dates of sowing under Agro-ecological Zone-12 (AEZ-12) of Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six replications, comprising five different dates of sowing viz. November 5, November 15, November 25, December 5 and December 15. Results reveal that the tallest plant, leaf area index, total dry matter, and crop growth rate were observed in November 25 sown crop and leaf area index, total dry matter and crop growth rate were higher at booting, grain filling, and tillering stages of the crop. Maximum effective tillers hill-1 (3.49), spikes m-2, (311), number of grains spike-1 (42.20) and 1000-grain weight (52.10 g) were produced by November 25 sown crop exhibited the highest grain (4.30 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.94 t ha-1) as well as harvest index (46.88%) of the crop. Lowest performance was observed both in early (November 5) and late sown crop (December 15). The overall results indicated that November 25 sown crop showed better performance in respect of growth and yield of wheat under charland ecosystem of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(2): 147-154, December 2016

scholarly journals DIFFERENT SHADING NETS IN ESCAROLE GROWTH

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-595
Author(s):  
Daniela Meira ◽  
Daniele Cristina Fontana ◽  
Carla Janaina Werner ◽  
Thais Pollon Zanatta ◽  
Patricia Brezolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Leaf Area Ratio ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Absolute Growth Rate ◽  
Absolute Growth

The aim of work was to verify the effect of different shading levels in escarole crop, during summer in the northwest of Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Santa Maria, Frederico Westphalen RS Campus, in 2015 with Escarola Lisa escarole cultivar. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three shading levels (0%, 30%, 50%), with six replications. Growth evaluation were performed in destructive manner every seven days, from transplant to harvest point. From the information obtained, traits were determined: leaf area, leaf area index, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, leaf weight ratio, biological productivity, absolute growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate. The data obtained were analyzed by the statistical program Genes, the Tukey test at 5% of error probability. The shading level 30% provided greater leaf area, higher biological productivity and absolute growth rate. However, the leaf area ratio was higher when shading level 50% was tested. However, it can be said that the shading levels favor growth of escarole crop.

Plant density and intra-row spacing effects on phenology, dry matter accumulation and leaf area index of maize in second cropping

Biologija ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raouf Seyed Sharifi ◽  
Ali Namvar
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Spacing Effects

Crop phenology is one of the most important aspects of crop yield determination and it is essential to predicting physiological responses under varying field conditions. In order to evaluate plant density and intra-row spacing effects on phenology, dry matter accumulation, and leaf area index of maize in second cropping, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted at the research farm of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Experimental factors were: plant population at three levels (7, 9, and 11 plants m–2) with three levels of intra-row spacing (45, 60, and 75 cm). The results showed that the maximum plant height (179.07  cm), total dry matter (592  g  m–2) in 83–91 days after sowing, days to 50% anthesis (45 days), days to 50% silking (50 days), LAI (4.07) in 63–70 days after sowing were observed in the plots with 11 plants m–2 and intra-row spacing of 45 cm. Based on the results, it was concluded that application of 11 plants m–2 with row spacing of 45 cm can be recommended for profitable maize production.

Effect of Sowing Spacing on Vegetative Growth, Dry Matter Production, and Peanut Pod Yield

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Giayetto ◽  
G. A. Cerioni ◽  
W. E. Asnal
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Distribution ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract Peanut growth and pod yield are influenced by sowing spacing and plant density. Production and distribution of dry matter on peanut cultivars sown in different spacings and densities and their relationships with pod and kernel yields were assessed. The factors evaluated were two cultivars (Florman INTA, virginia-type “runner” and Colorado Irradiado, valencia-type erect), three interrow spacings (IRS) (0.70, 0.50, and 0.30 m) and two interplant spacings (IS) (0.06 and 0.12 m). The 12 treatments were disposed in a factorial arrangement of 2×3×2 and a randomized block design with three replications. Weeds were controlled with Imazetapir (100 g ai/ha) and also hand weeded while leaf spot control was done with Fluzilasole (60 g ai/ha). Sowing spacings did not affect phenologic stage duration, but the differences observed were due to the cultivar. Vegetative growth was sensitive to spacings effect. At an individual plant level, dry matter and leaf area decreased significantly because of the greater intraspecific competition produced by the shortening of distances between rows (from 0.70 to 0.30 m) and between plants (from 0.12 to 0.06 m) and the corresponding density increase from 12 to 56 plants/m2. However, at a population level, most compact spacings produced more dry matter per surface and leaf area index. This also is related to the lesser time required for plants at these spacings to achieve a radiation interception higher than 90%. Dry matter distribution did not vary with sowing spacings. The number of branches per plant was reduced with the increase of density. The effect was greater in the late maturing cultivar. The most compact sowing spacings (0.30×0.06, 0.50×0.06 and 0.30×0.12 m) produced higher pod and kernel yield/ha than those less dense. This response is based upon the significant correlations between the dry matter and number of branches per surface area, and leaf area index and pod yield.

scholarly journals GROWTH AND SEED YIELD OF SUNFLOWER ON SOIL FERTILIZED WITH CASSAVA WASTEWATER

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARA SUYANE MARQUES DANTAS ◽  
MARIO MONTEIRO ROLIM ◽  
ELVIRA MARIA REGIS PEDROSA ◽  
MANASSÉS MESQUITA DA SILVA ◽  
DANIEL DA COSTA DANTAS
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Specific Leaf Area ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Leaf Area Ratio ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Cassava Wastewater

ABSTRACT Cassava wastewater is the liquid residue of the cassava flour processing and its application to the soil as fertilizer for agricultural crops is a good alternative to sources of nutrients for plants. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and seed yield of sunflower on soil fertilized with cassava wastewater. A randomized block experimental design with four replications was used, with six cassava wastewater rates (0, 8.5, 17, 34, 68 and 136 m3 ha-1) and six plant sampling times (15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after sowing), using the sunflower cultivar Helio-250. The evaluated variables were total leaf area, leaf area index, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, leaf weight ratio, shoot dry mass and sunflower seed yield. The use of cassava wastewater rate of 136 m3 ha-1 increases the seed yield, leaf area, leaf area index and shoot dry mass, and results in lower leaf area ratio, specific leaf area and leaf weight ratio of sunflower (cv. Helio-250) crops.

scholarly journals Adaptive Responses of Paspalum oteroi Native Grass to Fertilization and Shading

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 871
Author(s):  
Alex Coene Fleitas ◽  
Luísa Melville Paiva ◽  
Sandra Aparecida Santos ◽  
Henrique Jorge Fernandes ◽  
Redney Gomes Brevilieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production

The aim of this study was to evaluate the Paspalum oteroi native grass and its adaptive responses to shading and foliar fertilization in two pasture systems in the Cerrado-Pantanal transition region. A completely randomized block design with factorial arrangement was adopted to this study: three types of fertilizers [no fertilization – control (C); Foliar fertilizer for pasture (FF) and Soil fertilizer + Foliar fertilizer (SF)] x two pasture systems (WS - with shading, wooded P. oteroi pasture; NS - no shading, exclusive P. oteroi pasture) with four repetitions. P. oteroi seedlings were transplanted in November 2015. Data collection was from May 2016 to September 2016, during dry season. There were differences (p<0.05) in the sward height variables (H), dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) content, dry matter production (DMP) and shoot: root ratio (S:R). In the WS system increased of 8,61% of the CP content and fertilizer SF increased of 8.81% of the CP content. However, in the WS system was observed reduced DM, DMP and S:R and in the FF and SF fertilizers increased leaf area index (LAI), in the latter months of the application. Probably, P. oteroi grass developed adaptation strategies to deal with the environmental conditions to which it was submitted during this study, such as variations in its morphophysiological traits: low shoot / root ratio, height, chemical composition, leaf area index e light interception. In conclusion, P. oteroi showed adaptation to wooded pasture systems, during dry period, however, the use of fertilization depends on economic viability studies.

scholarly journals The Effect of Microbe Plus and Phosphorus Fertilizers on the Vegetative Growth of Oil Palm (Elaesis guineensis, Jacq.) Seedlings

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
E. Oppong ◽  
A. Opoku ◽  
N. Ewusi-Mensah ◽  
F. Danso ◽  
H. O. Tuffour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Rock Phosphates ◽  
Area Index

The main objective of this study was to improve the growth of oil palm seedlings by using microbe plus to enhance phosphorous availability from rock phosphate under oil palm nursery was evaluated at Oil Palm Research Institute of Ghana, Kade-Kumasi. The study consisted of 16 treatments replicated 3 times in a 4 × 4 factorial experiment arranged in Randomize Complete Block Design. The factors tested were: Phosphate fertilizers (Phosphate only, triple superphosphate, super rock phosphate and Togo rock phosphate) and microbe plus rates (0, 50, 100 and 150%). Data was collected on leaf area, leaf area index and dry matter production. All data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using GENSTAT Version 11.1 (2008). The results showed that the P fertilizers and microbe plus applied alone or their interactions had no significant (P=.05) effect on leaf area and leaf area index values, however, dry matter produced was significantly (P=.05) different from each other. TSPMP150 treated seedlings produced significantly (P=.05) the highest dry weight; 42% increase over the control (No phosphate and microbe plus). The complementary use of microbe plus with triple superphosphate or Senegal rock phosphate proved to be the best options in terms of the parameters measured than the triple superphosphate. Microbe plus can therefore be used in combination with rock phosphate to improve phosphate availability. Field experiment is suggested to validate the effect of microbe plus and these rock phosphates on the performance of oil palm, whereas, additional studies with different application rates, both at nursery and at the field, are recommended.

scholarly journals Performance of Chia on Different Sowing Dates: Characteristics of Growth Rate, Leaf Area Index, Shoot Dry Matter Partitioning and Grain Yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Patrícia Carine Hüller Goergen ◽  
Isabel Lago ◽  
Angelica Durigon ◽  
Gabriel Felipe Maboni Roth ◽  
Lúcio Gabriel Scheffel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Physiological Indexes

The objective of this study was to comparatively determine the characteristics of growth rate, leaf area index, shoot dry mass partitioning and grain yield of chia plants (Salvia hispanica L.) on different sowing dates. A field experiment was conducted in the crop year of 2016/2017 in five sowing dates (09/22/16, 10/28/16, 01/03/17, 02/08/17 and 03/24/17) with a randomized complete block design and four replicates. Plant growth was determined through field samplings to determine the dry matter mass and leaf area performed every 15 days. The following physiological indexes were calculated: relative growth rate, absolute growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area and leaf mass ratio. To weekly evaluate plant height, ten plants per plot were marked after emergence, and the final height was considered when plants reached physiological maturity. A useful area of 2.10 m&sup2; per plot was collected for evaluating grain yield. The physiological indexes indicated that at earlier sowing dates there is a greater plant growth, either in shoot dry matter mass, height and leaf area index. The leaf area index of branches is progressively increased with plant development and contributes significantly to total leaf area index of chia plants in all studied sowing dates. The main stem represents between 60 and 70% of the shoot dry matter accumulated in the early sowing dates, and between 40 and 50% in late sowing. The best sowing date in terms of grain yield is 01/03/17.

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