scholarly journals Study of Plants With Allelopathic Potential in the Initial Development of Lettuce

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Bruna de Villa ◽  
Deonir Secco ◽  
Luciene Kazue Tokura ◽  
Alessandra Mayumi Tokura Alovisi ◽  
Maritane Prior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Rapid Response ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Inappropriate Use

The inappropriate use of herbicides has increased the resistance of weeds; thus, the study of allelopathy becomes of paramount importance. The ability of certain plants to interfere with the metabolism of others by means of substances released into the environment, either by their aerial or roots system, becomes an alternative to combat invasive plants, dispensing with or reducing the use of herbicides. The objective of this work was to evaluate the plant species most sensitive to the allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts. One of the plant species studied was lettuce because it had a rapid response potential, thus showing the benefits obtained through allelopathy.

scholarly journals Germination and initial development of canola and radish submitted to castor leaves aqueous extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon ◽  
Adriana Tourinho Salamoni ◽  
Luan Cutti ◽  
Adalin Cezar Morais de Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Radish Seed

This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic activity of aqueous extracts of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) leaves on germination and initial growth of canola (Brassica napus L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seedlings. Two experiments were conducted, usingcanola seeds for the first, which was installed in a 2x7 factorial scheme (with two photoperiods – dark and light and seven extracts concentrations - 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32%). The second experiment consisted of an evaluation of radish seed germination submitted to seven concentrations of the extracts in the dark photoperiod. The germination of the canola seeds was reduced in the dark, and the use of extracts at concentrations of 16% and 32%inhibited seeds germination for both studied photoperiods. The radish seed germination was completely inhibited when the concentration of 32% was used, however, at the concentrations of 4, 8 and 16% a reduction on rootand hypocoyl development of the seedlings were observed, affirming the high allelopathic potential of castor bean aqueous extracts on canola and radish.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Allelopathic Effect of Matricaria chamomilla L. Parts’ Aqueous Extracts on Germination and Seedling Growth of Two Moroccan Varieties of Durum Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Amine Elbouzidi ◽  
Noureddine Bencheikh ◽  
Sara Seddoqi ◽  
Mohamed Bouhrim ◽  
Youssef Bouramdane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

The phenomenon of allelopathy has been known for more than 2000 years. This phenomenon consists of the chemical interference of plant species (or other organisms), by enhancing, or inhibiting, the germination, seedling growth, or development of other plant species (or other organisms). This paper aimed to investigate the allelopathic potential of the aqueous extract of different parts of Matricaria chamomilla L. on germination parameters (radicle, coleoptile length, and dry weight) of two Moroccan varieties of durum wheat. Chamomile extracts from leaves, roots, or flowers at concentrations of 50 and 100 g·L−1 were prepared and applied to wheat durum seeds. The control group was given distilled water. In both studied varieties of durum wheat, only flowers’ aqueous extracts showed a significant positive allelopathic effect by increasing the studied parameters, while leaves and roots from chamomile showed an inhibiting potential on germination and seedling growth in varieties riyad and kanakis.

scholarly journals Allelopathy of Cover Crops on the Germination and Initial Development of Euphorbia heterophylla

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Bianchini ◽  
Pedro Valério Dutra de Moraes ◽  
Juliana Domanski Jakubski ◽  
Cristiana Bernardi Rankrape ◽  
Elyoenay Gadyel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Avena Strigosa

Cover crop is a important way for weed management in agriculture. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of aqueous extracts of the aerial part of Avena strigosa, Cichorium intybus, Chenopodium quinoa and Fagopyrum esculentum in different concentrations on the germination and development of Euphorbia heterophylla. The experimental design was completely randomized, in factorial 4 × 5 with four replicates. Factor A-aqueous extracts of the aerial part of the cover plants and factor B-concentrations of 0%; 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 10%. A total of 25 E. heterophylla seeds, arranged in gerboxes, were used and 15 ml of the extracts were added according to the treatments. The germination test was performed in a growth chamber (BOD) with photoperiod of 12/12 light/dark hours and constant temperature of 25±1 °C. The data were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test, a comparison was made between means and the concentration factor of the extracts and the regression analysis. The C. quinoa aqueous extracts (10%) presented greater allelopathic potential than the other extracts in the variables tested for E. heterophylla. C. intybus presented allelophatic potential with results superior to A. strigosa and F. esculentum. The C. quinoa and C. intybus extracts have allelopathic potential when compared to the control with the highest dose (10%), interfering mainly in the root portion of E. heterophylla.

scholarly journals Allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts of leaves and branches of mint under the initial development of cowpea beans

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Elton C. P. V. A. Teles ◽  
Luiz F. C. Júnior ◽  
Alysson M. Sobreira ◽  
Thiago B. Calado ◽  
Vanessa R. S. Barboza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

Efeito Alelopático de Extratos Aquosos de Persea americana Mill. Sobre a Germinação e Desenvolvimento Inicial de Lactuca sativa L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Uéliton Alves De Oliveira ◽  
Alex Souza Rodrigues ◽  
Elisa Dos Santos Cardoso ◽  
Ana Aparecida Bandini Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Randomized Design

O abacateiro é uma planta frutífera, de porte arbóreo, cultivada em diversas regiões do Brasil, sendo utilizado tanto como alimento quanto fitoterápico. Estudos recentes indicam que compostos químicos, considerados fitoterápicos, podem afetar a germinação de sementes e o desenvolvimento de plântulas. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito alelopático de extratos aquosos das folhas de Persea americana Mill (abacateiro) sobre a germinação e desenvolvimento inicial de alface (Lactuca sativa L.). O experimento foi realizado em câmara de germinação, utilizando extratos aquosos obtidos por meio de decocção e infusão, nas concentrações 4,0, 12,0 e 20,0 mg mL-1, e água destilada (controle), em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com 4 repetições de 50 sementes cada. Para avaliar o potencial alelopático foram realizados os testes de Porcentagem de Germinação (PG), Primeira Contagem (PC), Índice de Velocidade de Germinação (IVG) e Tempo Médio de Germinação (TMG) das sementes, além do Comprimento da Parte Aérea (CPA) e Comprimento do Sistema Radicular (CSR) das plântulas da alface. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os extratos interferiram, significativamente, no CPA e apresentaram interação significativa para as variáveis PC, PG e CPA, sendo que o decocto, quando comparado ao infuso, ambos na concentração 4 mg mL-1 estimulou o crescimento, diferindo estatisticamente do infuso e do controle negativo. Os resultados indicam que ambos os extratos podem ser utilizados como insumo biológico, sendo o infuso como bioherbicida e o decocto como biofertilizante. Palavras-chave: Abacateiro. Alelopatia. Metabólitos Secundários. AbstractAvocado is a fruitful, large-sized plant, grown in several regions of Brazil, used both as food and phytotherapy. Recent studies indicate that chemical compounds considered phytotherapic can affect seed germination and seedling development. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of leaves of Persea americana Mill (avocado) on germination and initial development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The experiment was carried out in a germination chamber, using aqueous extracts obtained by means of decoction and infusion, at concentrations 4.0, 12.0 and 20.0 mg mL-1, and distilled water (control), in a completely randomized design (DIC), with 4 replicates of 50 seeds each. In order to evaluate the allelopathic potential, the Germination Percentage (PG), First Count (PC), Germination Speed Index (IVG) and Mean Germination Time (TMG) tests were performed in addition to the Aerial Part Length (CPA) and Root Length (CSR) of lettuce seedlings. The data were subjected to analysis of variance by the F test and the averages were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. The extracts interfered significantly in the CPA and presented significant interaction for the variables PC, PG and CPA, and the decoction, when compared to the infusion, in the concentration 4 mg mL-1, stimulated the growth, differing statistically from the infusion and control negative. The results indicate that both extracts can be used as biological inputs, being the infusion as bioherbicide and decoction as biofertilizer. Keywords: Avocado. Allelopathy. Secondary metabolites.

Herbicidal potential of Aerva javanica to control wild oat in wheat crop

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-194
Author(s):  
Al-Ghamdi A.M. ◽  
El-Zohri M
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Culture Experiment ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Wheat Germination ◽  
Radical Length

We investigated the phytotoxicity of desert cotton (Aerva javanica) extracts on wild oat and wheat. Aqueous extracts from A. javanica roots, leaves and inflorescences collected from Jeddah and Al-Baha regions, Saudi Arabia were used. Generally, the allelopathic potential of water extracts of A. javanica collected from Jeddah were more in inhibitory to wild oat germination and seedlings growth than those from Al-Baha. In both regions, root extracts were inhibitory to wild oat followed by leaves and inflorescences extracts. All test aqueous extracts of both regions did not inhibit the wheat germination or seedlings growth.Whreas, the wild oat germination was reduced by root extracts 58.62 %, 28.62 % leaves extracts : 32.72 %, 17.72 % and inflorescences extract 28.11 %, 12.13 % by in plants samples collected from Jeddah and Al-Baha, respectively. Wild oat radical length was inhibited by root extracts 53.27 %, 32.84 % leaves 42.35 %, 9.63 % and inflorescences extracts 22.64 %, 16.75 % in case of Jeddah and Al-Baha plants, respectively. In pot culture experiment, all treatments markedly reduced the plant dry weight and soluble carbohydrates, proteins and free amino acids contents in wild oat. The differences in the allelopathic potentials of studied A. javanica extracts were related to the qualitative variations in their phytochemicals constituents. Our results showed that A. javanica extracts could be safely used to control wild oat growth in wheat fields after more detsaled research..

scholarly journals Wild Oat (Avena Fatua L.) and Canary Grass (Phalaris Minor Ritz.) Management Through Allelopathy

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khawar Jabran ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Mubshir Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Complete Inhibition ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Phalaris Minor ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Canary Grass

Wild Oat (Avena FatuaL.) and Canary Grass (Phalaris MinorRitz.) Management Through AllelopathyEnvironmental contamination, herbicide resistance development among weeds and health concerns due to over and misuse of synthetic herbicides has led the researchers to focus on alternative weed management strategies. Allelochemicals extracted from various plant species can act as natural weed inhibitors. In this study, allelopathic extracts from four plant species sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench], mulberry (Morus albaL.), barnyard grass [Echinochloa crusgalli(L.) Beauv.], winter cherry [Withania somnifera(L.)] were tested for their potential to inhibit the most problematic wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) weeds wild oat (Avena fatuaL.) and canary grass (Phalaris minorRitz.). Data regarding time to start germination, time to 50% germination, mean germination time, final germination percentage, germination energy, root and shoot length, number of roots, number of leaves, and seedling fresh and dry weight was recorded for both the weeds, which showed that mulberry was the most inhibitory plant species while sorghum showed least allelopathic suppression against wild oat. Mulberry extracts resulted in a complete inhibition of the wild oat germination. The allelopathic potential for different plants against wild oat was in the order: mulberry > winter cherry > barnyard grass > sorghum. Mulberry, barnyard grass and winter cherry extracts resulted in a complete inhibition of canary grass. Sorghum however exhibited least suppressive or in some cases stimulatory effects on canary grass. Plants revealing strong allelopathic potential can be utilized to derive natural herbicides for weed control.

Soil microbial communities alter leaf chemistry and influence allelopathic potential among coexisting plant species

Oecologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 183 (4) ◽  
pp. 1155-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott J. Meiners ◽  
Kelsey K. Phipps ◽  
Thomas H. Pendergast ◽  
Thomas Canam ◽  
Walter P. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Leaf Chemistry ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Soil Microbial

scholarly journals Major environmental factors and traits of invasive alien plants determine their spatial distribution: a case study in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minwoo Oh ◽  
Yoonjeong Heo ◽  
Eun Ju Lee ◽  
Hyohyemi Lee
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Summer Temperature ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Cold Spots

Abstract Background As trade increases, the influx of various alien species and their spread to new regions are prevalent, making them a general problem globally. Anthropogenic activities and climate change have led to alien species becoming distributed beyond their native range. As a result, alien species can be easily found anywhere, with the density of individuals varying across locations. The prevalent distribution of alien species adversely affects invaded ecosystems; thus, strategic management plans must be established to control them effectively. To this end, this study evaluated hotspots and cold-spots in the degree of distribution of invasive alien plant species, and major environmental factors related to hot spots were identified. We analyzed 10,287 distribution points of 126 species of alien plant species collected through a national survey of alien species using the hierarchical model of species communities (HMSC) framework. Results The explanatory and fourfold cross-validation predictive power of the model were 0.91 and 0.75 as area under the curve (AUC) values, respectively. Hotspots of invasive plants were found in the Seoul metropolitan area, Daegu metropolitan city, Chungcheongbuk-do Province, southwest shore, and Jeju Island. Hotspots were generally found where the highest maximum summer temperature, winter precipitation, and road density were observed. In contrast, seasonality in temperature, annual temperature range, precipitation during summer, and distance to rivers and the sea were negatively correlated to hotspots. The model showed that functional traits accounted for 55% of the variance explained by environmental factors. Species with a higher specific leaf area were found where temperature seasonality was low. Taller species were associated with a larger annual temperature range. Heavier seed mass was associated with a maximum summer temperature > 29 °C. Conclusions This study showed that hotspots contained 2.1 times more alien plants on average than cold-spots. Hotspots of invasive plants tended to appear under less stressful climate conditions, such as low fluctuations in temperature and precipitation. In addition, disturbance by anthropogenic factors and water flow positively affected hotspots. These results were consistent with previous reports on the ruderal and competitive strategies of invasive plants, not the stress-tolerant strategy. Our results supported that the functional traits of alien plants are closely related to the ecological strategies of plants by shaping the response of species to various environmental filters. Therefore, to control alien plants effectively, the occurrence of disturbed sites where alien plants can grow in large quantities should be minimized, and the waterfront of rivers must be managed.

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