scholarly journals Effect of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids in Western Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Peter Okoth Mbogo ◽  
Mathews Mito Dida ◽  
Barrack Owuor
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

<p><em>Striga hermonthica</em> (<em>Striga</em>) weed is widespread in Kenya, where it causes significant cereal crop losses, particularly when susceptible varieties are grown. The use of maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) genotypes that support reduced <em>Striga hermonthica</em> emergence can form an important basis for developing resistant cultivars. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of diverse maize hybrids to <em>Striga</em> weed<em> </em>infestation and to identify high yielding and stable hybrids. Six experimental maize hybrids and three commercial hybrid checks (DK8031, PhB3253 and H513) were evaluated under <em>Striga</em> and <em>Striga</em> free conditions at Nyahera and Maseno in western Kenya in 2011 and 2012 growing seasons. The data collected included grain yields and other yield components; emerged <em>Striga</em> counts and <em>Striga</em> damage rating (on a scale of 1-5) at 8 and 10 weeks after planting (WAP). Significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) were observed in grain yield and yield components; emerged <em>Striga</em> counts and <em>Striga</em> damage syndrome in both years. Negative correlation (r) was observed between emerged <em>Striga</em> and yield as well as between <em>Striga </em>damage ratings and yield. Maseno experimental hybrids produced much better grain yields and were more stable compared to commercial varieties under <em>Striga</em> infestation and in <em>Striga</em> free fields. Deployment of the tolerant/resistant high yielding well adapted hybrids coupled with other management options such as rotation with legumes and cultural practices could possibly help in depletion of <em>Striga</em> seed bank in the soils in western Kenya. EH12 and EH14 maize hybrids were formally released for commercialization in the <em>Striga</em> endemic areas of western Kenya.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of nitrogen (Urea) on Zea mays L. under Balkh province climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Nasratullah Habibi ◽  
Friba Sikandari
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Effect On Yield

An experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of urea fertilizer on yield and yield components of Zea mays L. Using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) split plots in three replications in agricultural research farm of Balkh University by 2019. Doses of urea used in this experiment were 0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1 , respectively. It has been found that amount of nitrogen fertilizer (urea) had significant effect on yield of maize at p<0.05. The higher level of nitrogen caused the higher grain yield, number of kernels per ear, the number of grains per ear row, ear diameter, cob length, grain per plant and plant height. As a result 7.76 ton ha-1 was recorded as high yield while 240 kg ha-1 urea was used, and 5.12 ton ha-1 was recorded as low yield in treatment one with 0 kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer. Finally, as a result using 240 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer is recommended.

CROP-WEED COMPETITION STUDIES IN FABA BEAN (Vicia faba L.) UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tawaha ◽  
M. A. Turk
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

Field experiments were conducted during the two growing seasons of 1999 and 2000 at the research farm of the Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST) to study the effect of the time of weed removal on the yield and yield components of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Removing weeds from 25 to 75 days after crop sowing led to significantly larger yields than on plots which were not weeded. Maximum yield was obtained in both years when weeds were removed thrice at 25, 50 and 75 days after crop sowing.

scholarly journals Changes in Number and Weight of Wheat and Triticale Grains to Manipulation in Source-Sink Relationship

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ballesteros-Rodríguez ◽  
C. G. Martínez-Rueda ◽  
E. J. Morales-Rosales ◽  
G. Estrada-Campuzano ◽  
G. F. González
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Source Sink

The source-sink ratio experimental manipulation has helped to define whether a crop is limited by source or sink or co-limited by both. There is no evidence in triticale of source-sink manipulations effects on yield and yield components. Two experiments were accomplished during 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, México, and one in 2010 at the National Institute of Agricultural Technology in Pergamino, Argentina. Two triticale cultivars (line 4 and 7) and one wheat cultivar (Tollocan) were used. Source-sink relations were modified at anthesis by thinning, degraining, shading, and total defoliation procedures. Changes in the source-sink relation affected yields in both species differentially. The changes in yield due to cultivars and treatments were explained mainly by the number of grains rather than by their individual grain weight. The number of grains was affected by all treatments in both species, while the individual grain weight was increased by thinning and degraining mainly in triticale. A greater number of fertile florets in triticale were associated with their higher rate of abortion compared to wheat. These results could help to better understand crop management and genetic improvement.

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