scholarly journals Quantification of the Carbon Content of the Fractions of Humic Substances and Total Organic Carbon in Different Production Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Carlos Augusto Rocha de Moraes Rego ◽  
Jonas Francisco Egewarth ◽  
Marcio André Francziskowski ◽  
Felipe Eliazar Cremonez ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Rabello de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Western Region ◽  
State University ◽  
Permanent Pasture

Soil organic matter is degraded and easily altered by the type of management. The objective of this work is to determine the total organic carbon and humic substance fractions in the organic matter of the soil with different management types and depths in the western region of Paraná, Brazil. The work was carried out in the Experimental Farm “Professor Antônio Carlos dos Santos Pessoa”, belonging to the State University of the West of Paraná. Five soil management systems were evaluated: one area with corn cultivation for silage (CS); other area with succession of crops, with soybean in summer and corn in winter (SC); the next area also with succession of crops, with soy in the summer and oat in the winter (SO); the following area with permanent pasture with Tifton (PP); and the last area with crop-livestock integration (ILC). For each management system, four plots were randomly selected, in each plot three simple samples were collected in a diagonal direction to form a composite sample for the depth of 0.00-0.05 m, 0.05-0.10 m and 0.10-0.15 m. Total organic carbon, fractionation of the humic substances and the AH/AF and EA/HUM ratios were calculated. For most of the analyzed variables, it was verified that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) between the systems evaluated in the studied depths. In the evaluated areas, the PP, SO and ILC systems presented the highest carbon content for all attributes analyzed.

scholarly journals Humic substances of differently matured composts produced from municipal solid wastes and biomass of energetic plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Kałuża-Haładyn ◽  
Elżbieta Jamroz ◽  
Jakub Bekier
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Compost Maturity ◽  
Maturity Parameters

Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the transformation of humic substances during composting of biomass of energetic plants and municipal solid waste. The type of the organic material to be composted and the type of technology used affect the course of the humic substances transformation and formation of compost maturity parameters. Compost produced from the mixture of energetic willow and hay biomass contained humic substances with higher share of low-molecular fractions and lower share of humic acids in total organic carbon than those produced from municipal solid wastes. Obtained results also showed that insoluble alkali fraction plays an important role in humification process by its convertion to a new humic substances. Share of humic and fulvic fractions in relation to the total organic carbon appears to be reliable indicator of composting as a process of enhancing organic matter humification.

scholarly journals Investigation of Organic Matter Content of Hungarian Oil Shale and Its Influence on Sorption of 2,4-Dichlorophenol

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-237
Author(s):  
Renata Rauch ◽  
Rita Foldenyi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Aliphatic Chain ◽  
Organic Carbon Content

It is not only Total Organic Carbon content (TOC) but also the type of Organic Matter (OM) that the sorption of organic pollutants by soils or other natural absorbents is correlated with. Therefore, the characterization of organic components in the adsorbents is very important to elucidate sorption mechanisms.Oil shale samples were collected in Pula, Hungary. The TOC content of the investigated samples was approximately 6.8-40.1 m/m %. The characterization of the organic matter in samples was carried out by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis, thermal analysis, and GC-MS technics. The results predominantly indicated the presence of a low degree of the branching of aliphatic chain components in the samples. The Humic Substances (HS) content of the samples was only 1-6 m/m %, which could be determined after the treatment of oil shale with hydrogen peroxide.The influence of the amount and type of organic material in oil shale samples was studied on the adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) as a model contaminant. For this aim a series of batch equilibration experiments was carried out. The results show that the total organic carbon content of samples is a strong indicator of 2,4-DCP adsorption, while the HS content is an important feature controlling sorption capacity. The study suggests that the special organic matter (kerogen) content of the oil shale plays a major role in its high adsorption capacity and in the nonlinearity of the isotherms. The HS covering the surface could decrease the sorption capacities despite the fact that though the amount of this organic material is quite low.

scholarly journals Density, amount, and carbon content of organic matter in soils – some methodical reflections

1960 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-127
Author(s):  
Reijo Heinonen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Density

The density of soil organic matter has been derived from an equation representing the regression of soil density on the clay and organic matter contents. When the amount of organic matter was taken as equalling 1.9 times the total organic carbon, this resulted in the value 1.47 for the density of soil organic matter, which is believed to be an appropriate figure.

scholarly journals Source Rock Characteristic of Sargelu and Kurrachine Formations from the Selected Wells in Northern Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2A) ◽  
pp. 60-74
Author(s):  
Arwa M. S. Al-Dolaimy
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Rock Eval

A total of 56 cuttings samples of Sargelu and Kurrachine formations from different wells (Ain Zalah, Baiji, and Jabal Kand) in northern Iraq have been investigated in this study. Both the Sargelu and Kurrachine formations were examined using Rock-Eval pyrolysis to assess the richness of organic matter and thermal maturity level. The Sargelu Formation Have Total Organic Carbon wt.% ranged from 0.22–2.52 wt.%, average 1.26 wt.% in Ain Zalah Well, and between 0.57–8.90 wt.%, average 2.95 wt.% in Baiji Well, and between 0.81–11.80 wt.%, average 5.01wt.% in for Kand Well. It is considered a potential source rock based on total organic carbon content. total organic carbon wt. % in Ain Zalah and Kand in the Kurrachine Formation is considered poor source rock with a total organic carbon content of 0.17, 0.39 wt. %, respectively, while in Baiji Well is considered moderate source rock with total organic carbon content 0.53 wt. %. The Rock-Eval data are not always sufficient to define the kind of organic matter through the use of the van Krevelen diagram because HI and OI are affected by both matrix mineralogy and the kerogen mixture. For accurate assessments of the source rocks, gas chromatography has been relied on, which provides a direct indication of the kerogen type as well as the type of hydrocarbons that kerogen can generate during maturity. Gas chromatography analysis indicates that all selected samples contained type II kerogen. The highest value of the TAS/ (MAS+TAS) ratio was found in Ain Zalah samples (Sargelu Formation), and this result indicates the occurrence of an aromatization process with increasing thermal maturation.

Distribution of organic matter fractions of an Oxisol under different integrated agricultural production systems. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan López de Herrera ◽  
Carlos Augusto Rocha de Moraes Rego ◽  
Paulo Sergio Rabello de Oliveira ◽  
Eloisa Mattei ◽  
Antonio Saa-Requejo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Distribution of organic matter fractions of an Oxisol under different integrated agricultural production systems. &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;AUTHORS Juan L&amp;#243;pez-Herrera, Augusto Rocha de Moraes Rego, Paulo Sergio Rabello de Oliveira, Eloisa Mattei, Antonio Saa-Requejo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The declining organic matter content (OM) in agricultural soils is due mainly to poor agricultural management as soil fertility is closely related to OM. This work studies the variation in the different fractions of the OM in 7 plots with different agronomic management following integrated agricultural production system (IAPS) with different type of management. Six plots presented two crops per year, one of oats grown in autumn-winter and then soybeans grown in spring-summer. Seed doses per hectare and the management of livestock grazing were different among them. The seventh plot had a natural resection of rye and forage turnip during the winter, with succession of soybeans in spring-summer. Two reference plots were selected with hay and native forest production. These IAPS were compared at two areas, haymaking area and native forest, classified as Oxisols.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In each plot, random samples were analyzed at three different soil horizons, between 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m. Based on the soil samples the following parameters were measured: Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) associated with sand fraction, carbon stock (TOCst), mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC) associated with silt and clay, and humic substances (Fulvic Acids FA, Humic Acids HA and humin HUM). The relationship between these seven carbon indices and the seven IAPS were statistically analyzed using Tocher's multivariate non-hierarchical grouping methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The results pointed out that the different fractions of MO minus AH have a positive correlation in the three layers studied compared to the native forest. Therefore, IAPS management strategies promote beneficial modifications to soil properties and are beneficial for soil preservation. The management systems studied can serve as options for producers who wish to replace exclusive hay production with integration between crops and livestock in an Oxisol area similar to this one. Finally, the adoption of these management systems can lead to better soil preservation and increased economic benefits.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords:&lt;/strong&gt; integrated crop-livestock system, soil management, fractions of soil organic matter.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Reference&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;REGO, C. A. R. M.; OLIVEIRA, P. S. R.; PIANO, J. T.; ROSSET, J.S.; EGEWARTH, J. F.; MATTEI, E.; SAMPAIO, M. C.; LOPEZ-HERRERA, J.; GON&amp;#199;ALVES JUNIOR, A. C. (2020). Chemical properties and physical fractions of organic matter in oxisols under integrated agricultural production systems. Revista de Agricultura. Neotropical, Cassil&amp;#226;ndia-MS, v. 7, n. 3, p. 81-89, jul./set. 2020. ISSN 2358-6303.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;REGO, C. A. R. M.; OLIVEIRA, P. S. R.; PIANO, J. T.; EGEWARTH, J. F.; EGEWARTH, V. A.; LOPEZ-HERRERA, J. (2020). Organic Matter Fractions and Carbon Management Index in Oxisol Under Integrated Agricultural Production Systems. Journal of Agricultural Studies, 2020, Vol. 8, No. 3 ISSN 2166-0379 https://doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i3.16325&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Relationship between Color CIEL∗a∗b∗ and Total Organic Carbon in Compost

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhon Jairo Palechor-Tróchez ◽  
Luis Eduardo Ordoñez Santos ◽  
Hector Samuel Villada-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Surface Color ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Pearson Correlations

The CIEL∗a∗b∗ coordinates and the total organic carbon content in compost were correlated. Two particle sizes of 0.5 and 2 mm were obtained in the compost samples; the surface color was analyzed with a CIEL∗a∗b∗ colorimeter and the total organic carbon content by spectrophotometry at 588.9 nm. The results indicate that all chromaticity values were significantly affected (p<0.001) by particle size. Chromaticity values a∗, b∗, C∗, and h° showed significantly strong Pearson correlations (r>0.95). The coordinates a∗ (r=−0.992) and b∗ (r=0.968) have the potential to be used in estimating the total organic carbon concentration in the compost samples analyzed.

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