scholarly journals Combining Ability for Drought Tolerance in Upland Rice Varieties at Reproductive Stage

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Malemba ◽  
F. M. Nzuve ◽  
J. M. Kimani ◽  
M. F. Olubayo ◽  
J. W. Muthomi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Drought Conditions

Rice is an important food crop for human population ranking second among the mostly consumed cereal grains worldwide. Upland rice production is greatly constrained by drought stress resulting from rainfall variation patterns. Cultivation of drought tolerant varieties is considered the best option for drought management in rice production. The already released upland rice varieties are drought susceptible and have poor grain attributes hence, the aim of this study was to determine the combining ability for drought tolerance in upland rice. Four upland NERICA and two upland rice varieties were selected as parents for generating F1s crosses following 6 × 6 complete diallel. The generated 30 F1 crosses were advanced to F2 population for field evaluation. The F2 progenies together with six parents were planted in two sites; KALRO-Mwea Center Farm and Kirogo research Farm following a randomized complete block design in three replications. Drought stress was initiated 45 days after sowing after which data was collected on drought and agronomic parameters. The study revealed large genetic variations among the genotypes used. Both GCA and SCA were significant indicating the importance of both additive and non additive gene action in the expression of studied traits. In this study NERICA 2 and NERICA 15 were identified as good combiners for drought tolerance and grain yield under drought conditions. The single crosses namely; NERICA 15 × NERICA 2, NERICA 1 × NERICA 15, NERICA 11 × NERICA 15 and NERICA 2 × NERICA 15 were identified as superior for improving yield under drought conditions.

Evaluation of the tolerance of Thai indigenous upland rice germplasm to early drought stress using multiple selection criteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kittichai Narenoot ◽  
Tidarat Monkham ◽  
Sompong Chankaew ◽  
Patcharin Songsri ◽  
Wattana Pattanagul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Germplasm ◽  
Drought Tolerance Index

Drought remains the most important factor that affects rice productivity, especially in rainfed areas, worldwide. Upland rice is one of the crop choices of farmers in the rainfed environment. Although upland rice varieties require less water than lowland rice varieties, yields often remain limited by drought, particularly in the period of early growth. The aims of this study were to identify the traits related to early drought tolerance in upland rice varieties, and to identify the potential sources of germplasm for early drought tolerance. A total of sixty upland rice varieties were planted in a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the rainy seasons of 2011 and 2012, under greenhouse conditions. Based on the drought tolerance index (DTI), the test germplasm sources were classified into three groups: (i) susceptible; (ii) moderately tolerant; (iii) tolerant to drought stress. Grain yield (GY) showed significant negative correlations with the leaf rolling score (r= − 0.623, P< 0.01), the leaf death score (LDS) (r= − 0.673, P< 0.01) and the recovery score (r= − 0.746, P< 0.01), while leaf dry matter (r= 0.698, P< 0.01) and leaf water potential (r= 0.618, P< 0.01) had significant positive correlations with GY. These findings indicate the suitability of the DTI as the selection criteria for early drought tolerance in a breeding programme. In addition, the upland rice germplasm accessions KKU-ULR011, KKU-ULR012, KKU-ULR125, KKU-ULR199 and KKU-ULR292 were identified as having high levels of stability for drought tolerance in both the 2011 and 2012 experiments, suggesting their potential for further use for rice variety improvement for drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Upland rice breeding for drought tolerance (review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
P. I. Kostylev ◽  
А. V. Aksenov
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Impact

Upland rice grown by rice farmers is having the lowest productivity in the rice production system. Drought stress is the most severe abiotic constraint for upland rice. The improvement of rice productivity in such ecosystems is essential to meet the food security needs of the population. Therefore, the cultivation of drought tolerant rice is becoming an increasingly important task. Numerous minor traits have been proposed to assist plant breeders in their selection, but most of these traits are not used in breeding because they are not practical for breeding purposes, have low heritability, or are not very correlated with grain productivity. There has been shown, that standardization of drought screening improves heritability under stress to the values similar to those obtained for the yields under well-watered conditions. Nowadays there has now been proven that drought-resistant varieties can be developed by direct selection for productivity under stressful conditions. Currently, there have been identified many quantitative trait loci (QTL) of drought tolerance in rice, but only a few of them are suitable for use in marker breeding. However, the identified genes of great drought tolerance can be effectively used in breeding for drought tolerance. The use of molecular markers will improve the efficiency of breeding work. The current review has briefly considered the importance of rice, its various production systems, and the impact of drought stress on rice production. There have been discussed the physiological mechanisms contributing to the maintenance of grain productivity under drought conditions, and there have been analyzed the breeding methods for improvement of drought resistance.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Preferred Traits and Perceptions of Drought Stress on Rainfed Upland Rice Production across Two Rice Growing States of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Christian Okechukwu Anyaoha ◽  
Uyokei Uba ◽  
Ejiro Onotugoma ◽  
Semon Mande ◽  
Vernon Gracen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rainfed Upland

The intermittent and widespread occurrence of drought in rainfed upland rice fields across sub-Sahara Africa has led to tremendous decrease in food security in the region. Although high yielding, drought tolerant varieties have been developed over years to mitigate this trend, limited adoption had been recorded for most of these materials. This study investigated farmers’ perceptions on drought stress and their preferred traits in new upland rice varieties across two major upland rice growing states in Nigeria. Participatory Rural Appraisal was conducted among 119 rice farmers using comparative approach, probing and semi structured interviews. Result based on farmers knowledge of changes in rainfall pattern and preferred traits such as plant architecture and grain shapes in a new upland rice variety differed significantly across the two state. The results identified drought stress as one of the main constraints to upland rice production across communities. The ideal upland rice variety desired by most respondents in both states should be of medium plant height (115-130cm) characterized by white, long and bold grains. This study has demonstrated the importance of understanding farmer’s desired traits in a new upland rice variety and the need to incorporate identified traits in creation of resilient new upland rice varieties adaptable to rain-fed upland rice growing regions of Nigeria.

scholarly journals Daya Gabung Inbrida Jagung Toleran Cekaman Kekeringan dan Nitrogen Rendah pada Pembentukan Varietas Hibrida

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Roy Efendi ◽  
Andi Takdir M. ◽  
Muhammad Azrai
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

<p class="Abstrak">Low maize grain yield due to drought and low N stresses maybe overcome by growing tolerance hybrid maize varieties.<strong> </strong>The objectives of this research were to analyze the combining ability of eight inbred lines possessing those traits and indentify suitable parental inbred lines which can be used to develop single cross hybrid tolerant to drought and low nitrogen. Eight inbred lines were crossed using complete diallel cross design of Griffing’s- I on Februry to June, 2014. Those inbred lines were 1044-30, DTPYC9-F46-3-9-1-1-B (for drought tolerance), MR 14 (medium drought tolerance), G20133077 (tolerant to low N), CY 11, CLRCY039 (medium tolerant to low N), and CY12 and G2013631 (for drought and low N sensitive). Fifty-six experimental hybrids derived from diallel crosses, eight inbred lines and four commercial hybrid varieties as checks were evaluated under managed drought, low dosage of N fertilization and under optimum condition, during the dry season (July to October) of 2014. Randomized complete block design three replications was used in each different stress condition. The results showed that CY 11, G2013631, and MR 14 inbred lines possesed good general combining ability (GCA) for grain yield under drought, low N, and optimum conditions. These inbred lines also showed good GCA for the secondary traits such as large stem, delayed leaf rolling and late leaf senescence to support for high grain yield under drought stress and low N condition. Inbred lines of drought and low N sensitive such as G2013631, but had high GCA, could be used as parent to develop drought and low N tolerance hybrids if crossed with inbred lines having medium-tolerant to drought or tolerant to low N, such as G20133077, which had low DGU, or CY11 which had high GCA. Hybrid maize tolerant to drought and tolerant to low N, such as CY11 x G20133077, G20133077 x G2013631, and CY 11 x G2013631, produced significantly higher grain yield, over 8 t/ha, under drought and under low N, as compared with hybrid varieties Bima 3 and Bisi 2, which yielded 5.91 and 6.59 t/ha under drought, and 6.82 and 7.01 t/ha under low N condition. Grain yields under optimum condition were positively correlated with those under both drought and low N conditions. The result suggests that it is possible for improving grain yield of hybrid maize, simultaneously for optimum, drought stress and low N conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Natural Variation of OsLG3 Controls Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice by Inducing ROS Scavenging

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Xiong ◽  
Jianping Yu ◽  
Jinjie Li ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Pengli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Scavenging Efficiency

AbstractBackgroundImproving performance of rice under drought stress has potential to significant impact on rice productivity. Previously we reported that OsLG3 positively control rice grain length and yield.ResultsIn this study, we found that OsLG3 was more strongly expressed in upland rice compared to lowland rice under drought stress condition. Candidate gene association analysis showed that the natural variation in OsLG3 was associated with tolerance to water deficit stress in germinating rice seeds. Transgenic rice with enhanced OsLG3 expression exhibited improved tolerance to drought and that is most likely due to enhanced ROS scavenging efficiency. Phylogenetic analysis and pedigree records indicated that the tolerant allele of OsLG3 has potential to improve drought tolerance of japonica rice.ConclusionsCollectively, our work revealed that the natural variation of OsLG3 contributes to rice drought tolerance and the elite allele of OsLG3 is a promising genetic resource for the development of drought-tolerant and high-yield rice varieties.

scholarly journals Drought tolerance in selected aerobic and upland rice varieties is driven by different metabolic and antioxidative responses

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 254 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Melandri ◽  
Hamada AbdElgawad ◽  
Kristýna Floková ◽  
Diaan C. Jamar ◽  
Han Asard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidative Response ◽  
Biomass Loss ◽  
Osmotic Acclimation

Abstract Main conclusions Sugar-mediated osmotic acclimation and a strong antioxidative response reduce drought-induced biomass loss at the vegetative stage in rice. Abstract A clear understanding of the physiological and biochemical adaptations to water limitation in upland and aerobic rice can help to identify the mechanisms underlying their tolerance to low water availability. In this study, three indica rice varieties-IR64 (lowland), Apo (aerobic), and UPL Ri-7 (upland)-, that are characterized by contrasting levels of drought tolerance, were exposed to drought at the vegetative stage. Drought-induced changes in biomass, leaf metabolites and oxidative stress markers/enzyme activities were analyzed in each variety at multiple time points. The two drought-tolerant varieties, Apo and UPL Ri-7 displayed a reduced water use in contrast to the susceptible variety IR64 that displayed high water consumption and consequent strong leaf dehydration upon drought treatment. A sugar-mediated osmotic acclimation in UPL Ri-7 and a strong antioxidative response in Apo were both effective in limiting the drought-induced biomass loss in these two varieties, while biomass loss was high in IR64, also after recovery. A qualitative comparison of these results with the ones of a similar experiment conducted in the field at the reproductive stage showed that only Apo, which also in this stage showed the highest antioxidant power, was able to maintain a stable grain yield under stress. Our results show that different metabolic and antioxidant adaptations confer drought tolerance to aerobic and upland rice varieties in the vegetative stage. The effectiveness of these adaptations differs between developmental stages. Unraveling the genetic control of these mechanisms might be exploited in breeding for new rice varieties adapted to water-limited environments.

scholarly journals Improvement of Upland Rice Variety by Pyramiding Drought Tolerance QTL with Two Major Blast Resistance Genes for Sustainable Rice Production

Rice Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-500
Author(s):  
Vishalakshi Balija ◽  
Umakanth Bangale ◽  
Senguttuvel Ponnuvel ◽  
Kalyani Makarand Barbadikar ◽  
Srinivas Prasad Madamshetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Blast Resistance Genes

scholarly journals Genotype selection and addition of fertilizer increases grain yield in upland rice in Suriname

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Stephan NASCENTE ◽  
Ruby KROMOCARDI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT The upland rice farmers in Suriname use local varieties and low level technologies in the field. As a result, the upland rice grain yield is low, at about 1 000 kg ha-1. Our objective was to evaluate the use of upland rice cultivars from Suriname and Brazil, and the effect of nitrogen, N, phosphorus, P, and potassium, K, fertilizers on cultivation variables. We undertook four field trials in the Victoria Area, in the Brokopondo District, using a randomized block design each with four replications. The most productive rice varieties were BRS Esmeralda (grain yield 2 903 kg ha-1) and BRS Sertaneja (2 802 kg ha-1). The highest grain yield of 2 620 kg ha-1 was achieved with a top dressing application of 76.41 kg N ha-1 20 days after sowing. For P, the highest grain yield of 3 085 kg ha-1 was achieved with application of 98.06 kg ha-1 P2O5 applied at sowing. An application rate of 31.45 kg ha-1 of K2O at sowing achieved the highest grain yield of 2 952 kg ha-1. Together, these application rates of N, P and K resulted in rice grain yield of about 3 000 kg ha-1, which is three times greater than the national average for upland rice. We demonstrate that the use of improved rice varieties matched to the local conditions, and application of appropriate fertilizers, are management practices that can result in significant increases in rice grain yield in Suriname.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Short Duration Drought Tolerant Rice Varieties in Drought Prone Areas of Subarnapur District of Odisha

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
S. Pradhan ◽  
F. H. Rahman ◽  
S. Sethy ◽  
G. Pradhan ◽  
J. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sowing Seed

A study was conducted in farmer’s field through technology demonstrations during Kharif season of 2018 and 2019 in Subarnapur district of Odisha to recommend the most suited short duration drought tolerant upland rice variety particular to the locality. Six different varieties like Sahabhagi dhan, Mandakini, Jogesh, DRR-44, and DRR-42 & Khandagiri were taken with four replications in Randomized Block Design in both years. Technology demonstration included not only the improved short duration varieties, but also a package of good agronomic practices viz. line sowing, seed treatment with Bavistin, proper fertilization with dose @ 80:40:40 NPK/ha, pre emergence herbicide application with pretilachlor, needful manual weeding and  need based plant protection chemicals. The results of demonstration showed that farmers could increase rice productivity notably by adopting improved variety Sahabhagi dhan and DRR-44. These varieties recorded higher grain yields of 64% and 46%, respectively, and fetched a sum return of Rs 25620 and Rs 25275 over farmers’ local variety Khandagiri.

scholarly journals Enhancement of drought tolerance in diverse Vicia faba cultivars by inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria under newly reclaimed soil conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsayed Mansour ◽  
Hany A. M. Mahgoub ◽  
Samir A. Mahgoub ◽  
El-Sayed E. A. El-Sobky ◽  
Mohamed I. Abdul-Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Effects Of Drought

AbstractWater deficit has devastating impacts on legume production, particularly with the current abrupt climate changes in arid environments. The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is an effective approach for producing natural nitrogen and attenuating the detrimental effects of drought stress. This study investigated the influence of inoculation with the PGPR Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae (USDA 2435) and Pseudomonas putida (RA MTCC5279) solely or in combination on the physio-biochemical and agronomic traits of five diverse Vicia faba cultivars under well-watered (100% crop evapotranspiration [ETc]), moderate drought (75% ETc), and severe drought (50% ETc) conditions in newly reclaimed poor-fertility sandy soil. Drought stress substantially reduced the expression of photosynthetic pigments and water relation parameters. In contrast, antioxidant enzyme activities and osmoprotectants were considerably increased in plants under drought stress compared with those in well-watered plants. These adverse effects of drought stress reduced crop water productivity (CWP) and seed yield‐related traits. However, the application of PGPR, particularly a consortium of both strains, improved these parameters and increased seed yield and CWP. The evaluated cultivars displayed varied tolerance to drought stress: Giza-843 and Giza-716 had the highest tolerance under well-watered and moderate drought conditions, whereas Giza-843 and Sakha-4 were more tolerant under severe drought conditions. Thus, co-inoculation of drought-tolerant cultivars with R. leguminosarum and P. putida enhanced their tolerance and increased their yield and CWP under water-deficit stress conditions. This study showed for the first time that the combined use of R. leguminosarum and P. putida is a promising and ecofriendly strategy for increasing drought tolerance in legume crops.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document