scholarly journals EFFECTS OF UTILIZATION DEVELOPMENTS AND TRENDS ON THE FOREST

1957 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-109
Author(s):  
R. W. B. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Paper Company ◽  
Wood Utilization ◽  
Forestry Services ◽  
Government Legislation ◽  
Time And Energy

In the last 10 years, I would venture to say, we foresters in the woods industries and governmental forestry services, have seen more developments in forest harvesting methods, wood handling, transportation methods, woods workers' living conditions, and in wood utilization than have been witnessed in the previous 100 years of logging history. Reflect for a moment on some of the more obvious changes of the last 10 years—woods workers and their families living comfortably on the job; power saws superseding bucksaws; tractors and trucks replacing horses; and former nuisance or weed species of trees becoming more useful and therefore more valuable. These are but a few of the changes which we have seen in the last few years.The developments of which I speak are not local ones by any means. This march of progress exists from one end of Canada to the other and I believe that this greatly accelerated progress is causing a degree of confusion in the minds of many foresters who are responsible for the proper management of our forests so as to ensure a continued supply of forest products for future generations of Canadians.The existence of this confusion is illustrated by the fact that while in one part of Canada it is apparently necessary to have Government legislation to ensure sawmills a supply of sawlogs from pulp and paper company cutting operations, in another part of Canada private enterprise has seen fit to invest millions of dollars in a paper mill to be run almost entirely on waste from sawmill operations. Without a doubt foresters played their part in formulating and guiding both of these plans of action.Many surveys and calculations were undoubtedly carried out by Company foresters before a pulpmill was established on the basis of using sawmill and sawlog operation waste. Similarly much time and energy were probably spent by highly placed Government foresters before advising their Parliament of the necessity of enacting legislation to ensure the production of sawlogs on pulp cutting operations thus apparently condoning "wasteful practices" or at least poorer utilization than if the togs were produced as pulpwood.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Limbah Pemanenan Kayu Terhadap Efisiensi Pemanfaatan Kayu Hutan Produksi Alam Pada Dua Pengusahaan Hutan di Kalimantan

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Sona Suhartana ◽  
Yuniawati Yuniawati
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Wood Volume ◽  
Wood Supply ◽  
Logging Residue ◽  
Wood Utilization ◽  
Wood Demand

ABSTRAKPotensi limbah akibat pemanenan kayu sampai saat ini masih cenderung tinggi yang dapat menyebabkan rendahnya efisiensi pemanfaatan kayu. Hal ini sebagai kecenderungan pemborosan bahan baku kayu, sedangkan saat ini terjadi ketimpangan antara ketersediaan bahan baku yang terus menurun dengan kebutuhan kayu untuk industri. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui potensi limbah pemanenan kayu pada dua pengusahaan hutan di Kalimantan dan pengaruhnya terhadap efisiensi pemanfaatan kayu. Metodologi penelitian dengan mengukur potensi tegakan, volume kayu yang dimanfaatkan, volume limbah kayu setelah pemanenan kayu, menghitung indeks tebang, indeks sarad dan efisiensi pemanfaatan kayu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1). Rata-rata volume kayu yang dimanfaatkan pada IUPHHK-HA PT Karya Lestari (PT A) dan PT Inhutani II (PT B) masing-masing adalah 16,759 m3/pohon dan 6,742 m3/pohon; (2). Rata-rata volume limbah kayu pada PT A dan PT BI masing-masing adalah 2,410 m3/pohon dan 0,472 m3/pohon; (3). Proporsi limbah tunggak, pangkal batang, ujung batang pada PT A dan PT B masing-masing adalah 0%, 81,54%, 18,46% dan 70,25%, 21,78%, 7,97%; (4). Rata-rata efisiensi pemanfaatan kayu pada PT A dan PT B masing-masing adalah 88% dan 86%; dan (5). Pengaruh potensi limbah pemanenan kayu terhadap efisiensi pemanfaatan kayu ditunjukkan dengan model persamaan Y = 0,971 - 0,0341X. ABSTRACTPotential logging residue from forest harvesting operation is significantly high at tree quantities of logging. This reflects in a low efficient of harvesting that may derive wasteful in using forest resources. In the contrary, the wood supply is not equal to wood demand.  The wood supply continously decrease so that it is not able to support the demand of wood industry.  The aim of research is to find out the potential logging residue on forest harvesting operation and its effect on wood utilization at two companies in Kalimantan. Research method used by measuring potential forest standingstock, potensial use of wood volume and logging residue from the harvesting operation. The study also measures felling index, skidding index and efficiency of wood utilization. Research result showed that: (1). Average of wood volume used in IUPHHK- HA PT Karya Lestari (PT A) and Inhutani II (PT B) are consecutively 16.759 m3/tree and 6.742 m3/tree; (2). Average of logging residue PT A and PT B are 2.410 m3/tree and 0.472 m3/tree; (3) The percentage of the logging residue at tha bottom stem, middle stem, and upper stem at PT A are 0%, 81.54%, 18.46% and PT B is about 70.25%, 21.78%, 7.97%; (4). The average of timber utilization efficiency (TUE) at PT A and PT B are 88% and 86%; and (5). The equation derived from the comparation model between the effect of logging residue from forest harvesting operation and efficiency of wood utilization is Y = 0.971 - 0.0341 X.Keywords: forest harvesting, potential of logging residue, efficiency, native forest Sitasi: Suhartana, S dan Yuniawati (2018). Pengaruh Limbah Pemanenan Kayu Terhadap Efisiensi Pemanfaatan Kayu Hutan Produksi Alam Pada Dua Pengusahaan Hutan Di Kalimantan. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 16(2), 147-154, doi: 10.14710/jil.16.2.147-154.

Protecting the Forests of New Brunswick Against "The Insect" – An Overview

1985 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Lockhart
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Forest Products Industry ◽  
Industrial Base ◽  
Paper Company ◽  
Aerial Spraying

In 1951, one pulp and paper company and the New Brunswick Government decided to try to prevent or at least lessen losses from the spruce budworm by aerial spraying of insecticide. Today, 33 years later, protection is still carried out, not with any thought to eradicating the pest, but rather to maintain the industrial base and the resulting employment. Without this protection, the forest products industry in New Brunswick would have suffered many mill closures – a catastrophe in a province where one job in seven depends on a healthy forest products industry.

scholarly journals Assessment of Costs in Harvesting Systems Using WoodChainManager Web-based Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matevž Triplat ◽  
Nike Krajnc
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Cost Calculations ◽  
The Impact

The rationalization of working procedures during difficult market conditions is gaining increasing importance. For rational production, it is necessary to always be aware of what and how much to invest in the business process to obtain the desired products or services without economic loss. This article presents a tool for the assessment of costs in forest wood supply chains. WoodChainManager is a Web-based tool composed of three user modules intended for the assessment of material costs of individual machines or the total costs of all selected machines in a forest harvesting system. Users can test the impact of individual technologies on the total material costs of the harvesting system and thus optimize operation processes. The basic tool for describing harvesting systems is the matrix, which visualizes cutting and hauling from the standing tree in the stand to the forest products at the end user. The tool has built-in algorithms that prevent the selection of an illogical harvesting system. The selected method for calculating costs for individual machines is simple, but still reflects the state of the actually incurred costs. WoodChainManager offers cost calculations for a wide range of technologies, machines and appurtenant attachments. The authors of this paper wish to increase awareness and understanding of cost calculations and to offer the possibility to directly compare different harvesting systems.

Integrated long-term receiving water study methodology development

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 315-320
Author(s):  
T.J. Hall ◽  
R.A. Miner
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Aquatic Organism ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Forest Products Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Integrated Monitoring ◽  
Adverse Impacts

A variety of methods have been used to assess the effects of pulp and paper mill wastewater discharges on receiving waters. Because individual methods have both strengths and weaknesses, aquatic ecosystem health is best characterized by an approach which integrates several methods. In order to better understand the significance of its effluents in the aquatic environment, the forest products industry is interested in developing a methodology for integrated aquatic health assessments. Discussions in NCASI's membership suggest that it would be desirable for an integrated aquatic assessment methodology to be capable of the following: (i) determine the environmental compatibility of mill effluents, and where compatibility is established, the margins of safety against adverse impacts; (ii) document improvements in environmental quality as contaminant or waste loads are reduced; (iii) provide an early indication of any important adverse impacts related to mill effluents; (iv) extend the framework for interpreting new and subtle measures of aquatic organism and ecosystem health; and (v) provide a framework for integrating, as appropriate, point and non-point source studies conducted by the forest products industry. Soon, NCASI will be assembling a team of experts to assist in creating an integrated assessment methodology consistent with these objectives. This paper provides an overview of integrated monitoring study elements and their strengths and weakness. Also provided is the process by which industry information needs were assessed and the results of that assessment.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF WOOD UTILIZATION ON THE FARM WOODLOT

1964 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
J. A. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Quality Aspect ◽  
Wood Utilization ◽  
Tree Quality ◽  
Material Utilization ◽  
Evaluation Techniques

Greater diversification in the raw material utilization pattern has been evident during recent years. This development now focuses renewed attention on the farm woodlot which in Canada comprises vast areas of relatively accessible forests vital to the national economy. In the future, these areas of renewable resources will require that greater consideration be given to more effective programs of forest utilization and management. Log and tree quality evaluation techniques are especially important in relation to woodlot management, where the more intensive application of the quality aspect to the growing and manufacturing of primary forest products is likely to produce substantial benefits.

scholarly journals Productivity Analysis of Modified Farm Tractors in Forwarding Industrial Wood Products

2020 ◽  
pp. 196-205
Author(s):  
Taş İnanç ◽  
Akay Abdullah Emin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Productivity Analysis ◽  
The City ◽  
Domestic Companies

Public demands for forest products and services have been increasing gradually in many countries all over the world. Among the forest products, mostly round woods are produced in Turkey due to high economic value. On the other hand, there is a significant increase in demand for industrial woods in the domestic market in recent years. The reason behind this increase is the need of domestic companies in the wood-based panel industry for a large amount of wood raw material. . Farm tractors are the most widely used forest machinery in the extraction of industrial wood in Turkey. Farm tractors can be effectively used in mechanized harvesting operations after receiving some modifications and additional attachments. The modified farm tractors are affordable machinery for small logging contractors since their initial purchasing costs and hourly operating costs are quite low comparing with the forest harvesting equipment (i.e. skidder, forwarder, cable yarder). In this study, productivity of a modified farm tractor was analyzed during forwarding of industrial wood products. The study was implemented in Pinus nigra stand located in (?) the city of Afyonkarahisar in Turkey. In the study, the effects of forwarding distance on productivity were evaluated using statistical analysis. The results indicated that the most time-consuming work stage was unloading the truck and piling the wood products at the landing area, followed by ( in terms of time-consumption) collecting woods and loading the tractor at the stump. The average productivity of the forwarding operation was 6.06 stere/h (stere is the amount of wood pile with the height, width, and depth of one meter). It was also found that the productivity of the forwarding was significantly affected by the forwarding distance. 

scholarly journals A novel strain of Planomicrobium isolated from paper mill and its capacity of cellulose degradation

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1732-1746
Author(s):  
Rongxia Zhuge ◽  
Qiang Cheng ◽  
Luyu Mei ◽  
Xiuli Song ◽  
Liuxin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Paper Company

A novel strain, designated WH2-56, was isolated from a slime sample collected from a paper company along the Yangtze River during March, 2018. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain WH2-56 was related to members of the genus Planomicrobium. Cellulolytic activity of the sample was screened and confirmed by Congo red-polysaccharide interactions and examined by broth culture using filter paper (FP) with no starch as the sole carbon source. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was used to confirm the delicate morphological changes of FP during bio-degradation. Different cellulosic materials were used to measure biodegradation effects and optimum incubation conditions. The activity of FPase and carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) were checked by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS agents) with different carbon sources, which showed a peak at 0.62 U/mL of CMCase on day 4, and at 0.38 U/mL of FPase on day 5.

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