Computation of Hopf Galois structures on low degree separable extensions and classification of those for degrees $p^2$ and $2p$

The aim of the present research was to investigate the rheological properties of the medicinal syrup for oral administration with glucosamine hydrochloride and levocarnitine. Matherials and methods: Coefficient of the dynamic flow (at shear rates of 3,49 and 10,3 s -1, as well as at shear rates of 27.2 and 149.0 s-1), mechanical stability, the index of destruction and restoration were studied. The rheological (structural-mechanical) properties of the samples were determined using a Rheolab QC rotary viscometer (AntonPaar, Austria) with coaxial cylinders CC27 / S-SN29766. The rheological parameters were studied at the temperature 20±0,5 °С. Results: It is established that the syrup has weakly expressed plastic viscous and thixotropic properties (the hysteresis area for the syrupis 1710.19 Pas/s). Such results characterize the system as a reopex. Conclusions: The results of the study enables classification of the research object as system with a low degree of fluidity. Such dependence is typical for systems of the Newtonian type of flow and characterizes the syrup under investigation as a weakly structured disperse system.

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Study of recrystallization kinetics of aluminium alloy 1565ch with low degree of cast structure conditioning

Tsvetnye Metally ◽

10.17580/tsm.2021.01.06 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 58-64

Author(s):

V. V. Yashin ◽

◽

I. A. Latushkin ◽

E. S. Chitnaeva ◽

E. V. Aryshensky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temperature Drop ◽

High Rate ◽

Recrystallization Temperature ◽

Growth Speed ◽

Recrystallization Process ◽

Russian Science ◽

Cast Structure ◽

Recrystallization Kinetics ◽

Low Degree

The present study addresses recrystallization process in Al – Mg 1565ch system alloy samples (Russian classification). The samples are taken from cast ingot, produced by continuous casting in DC mold and homogenized based on standard commercial mode. Then the samples were heated to 350–500 oC and rolled in lab mill with different process schedules to cover the entire range of temperature and strain rates, applied in rolling. After rolling the samples were annealed at 350, 400 and 450 oC, their resultant microstructure was examined by optic microscope. The rate of new grains nucleation, their growth speed, analytical notations, describing recrystallization kinetics, were obtained within the frames of the study to be applied during this alloy recrystallization modelling; the main alloy-specific recrystallization features were identified and compared with alloy АА5182 (classification of American Aluminum Association). It is demonstrated, that 1565ch recrystallization has a number of specific features in case of as-cast structure deformation with low strain levels (ε = 0.14÷0.56): first, high rate of new grains nucleation; second, low grain growth speed to the extent of complete process blocking. Optimal recrystallization temperature is identified as 400 oC, at this temperature the process is over 75% complete, the temperature drop (350 oC) causes incubation period extension, while recrystallization subsides at recrystallized structure volume of about 30%, in case of temperature rise (450 oC) the structure is saturated with fine new grains nuclei, probably, emerging during heating, but due to high intensity of recovery and polygonization, recrystallization driving force drops to zero, the process stops with mixed structure and max recrystallized grains volume of 20%. This research was funded through a grant by the Russian Science Foundation, Project 18-79-10099.

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Differences in the lexical variation of reporting verbs in French, English and Czech fiction and their impact on translation

Languages in Contrast ◽

10.1075/lic.00016.nad ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 209-234

Author(s):

Olga Nádvorníková

Keyword(s):

Target Language ◽

Lexical Variation ◽

Amount Of Information ◽

Low Degree ◽

Multilingual Corpus ◽

High Degree

Abstract The aims of this paper are to analyse differences in the degree of lexical variation (type/token ratio and hapax/token ratio) of reporting verbs in reporting clauses placed medially or in postposition in English, French and Czech fiction and to evaluate their consequences in translation, especially in regard to explicitation/implicitation. We expect that, in translations from a language with a low degree of lexical variation of reporting verbs into a language with a high degree of lexical variation, the frequency and the degree of explicitation will be higher than in translations involving languages less different with respect to lexical variation. The analysis, relying on data extracted from the InterCorp multilingual corpus, proposes a classification of reporting verbs based on the type and amount of information conveyed, which allows evaluating the degree of explicitation operated in translations. The results show that most shifts involve only the neutral reporting verb say/dire, replaced by a stylistically more specific synonym or by a verb explicitating information obvious from the context. This suggests that modifications of reporting verbs in translation are motivated primarily by respect for the stylistic norm of the target language and the degree of acceptability of the repetition of the neutral reporting verb.

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Species complexes and the generic classification of leaf-litter thrips of the tribe Urothripini (Phlaeothripidae)

Australian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1071/zo9720083 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 83 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

LA Mound

Keyword(s):

Leaf Litter ◽

Morphological Difference ◽

Distinct Species ◽

High Rate ◽

Incipient Speciation ◽

Species Complexes ◽

Low Degree ◽

Complicated Pattern ◽

Pattern Of Variation

Collections of the predominantly wingless urothripine Thysanoptera from leaf litter in Australia show little variation in external morphology within any one population, although the variation between populations is frequently very considerable. Morphological segregates in which winged individuals are known show little variation between populations, and these segregates can be regarded as distinct species. However, morphological segregates in which winged individuals are not known exist in the field as a complex of similar but distinctive local forms. Taxonomy is concerned with the interpretation in biological terms of morphological difference, but the significance of these distinctive populations cannot be determined at present, whether they are species, subspecies, or local variants. However, this high rate of incipient speciation of the Urothripini is evidently related, at least in part, to the low degree of dispersive activity of the wingless forms. The resulting complicated pattern of variation at the species level is reflected in the unsatisfactory generic classification, and several of the characters which have been used for distinguishing genera are here shown to be of little value. As a result four genera, Bournieria, Ramachandraiella, Transithrips, and Verrucothrips, are here placed in synonymy with Baenothrips, and a key is provided to the remaining 13 genera of Urothripini from the world. An account is given of the eight species in five genera known from Australia, including two new species: Baenothrips caenosus (Stannard), comb. nov. ; Baenothrips moundi (Stannard), comb. nov. ; Biconothrips reedi Stannard; Habrothrips curiosus Ananthakrishnan; Octurothrips pulcher Priesner; Stephanothrips occidentalis Hood & Williams; S. barretti, sp, nov.; S. ferrari, sp. nov. In addition, knechteli Priesner is transferred to Amphibolothrips, comb. nov., and erythrinus Pelikan is transferred to Baenothrips, comb. nov.

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Hereditary Spherocytosis

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v6.11.1073.1073 ◽

1951 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. 1073-1098 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

LAWRENCE E. YOUNG ◽

MARY JANE IZZO ◽

RICHARD F. PLATZER

Keyword(s):

Body Temperature ◽

Gene Mutation ◽

Hereditary Spherocytosis ◽

Osmotic Fragility ◽

Red Cells ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Low Degree ◽

Qualitative Test ◽

Chronic Hemolytic Anemia

Abstract Clinical, hematologic and genetic data on 28 cases of hereditary spherocytosis are presented for the purpose of characterizing this disorder as completely as possible. On the basis of this experience it is recommended that the following typical laboratory findings be sought in establishing a diagnosis in suspected cases: (1) Presence of spherocytes or abnormally thick red cells in peripheral blood; (2) greater than normal osmotic fragility of the red cells; in cases in which the fragility of fresh cells is not significantly increased, determinations should be made after sterile incubation of the blood at body temperature for 24 hours; (3) greater than normal mechanical fragility of freshly drawn red cells; (4) negative antiglobulin (Coombs) test; (5) greater than normal lysis of the red cells during sterile incubation at body temperature for 48 hours; and (6) presence of similar abnormalities in relatives. Abnormality of the erythrocyte persisted in all of the 11 patients in this series followed one or more years after splenectomy. An unusual case of chronic hemolytic anemia is described but not included in the numbered series because (1) both parents were hematologically normal and (2) spherocytosis and abnormally great osmotic and mechanical fragility and autohemolysis could not be demonstrated after the fifth postoperative month. Classification of this case is deferred pending further experience. Demonstration in a parent, sibling or offspring of red cells showing the afore-mentioned abnormalities is necessary for an unequivocal diagnosis, but this requirement cannot always be met because relatives may not be available for examination. Moreover, when parents and/or several siblings are examined without positive findings, low gene expressivity, gene mutation and illegitimacy may be considered as explanations. Evidence is cited to suggest the possibility of a low degree of penetrance or expression in some cases and to illustrate the need for still more sensitive laboratory tests that might aid in diagnosis of the mildest forms of this disease. The lower incidence of spherocytosis in siblings of propositi than in offspring of propositi is cited as evidence bearing on the theory of gene mutation in some propositi. A simplified "qualitative" test of osmotic fragility of incubated red cells is described.

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Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Cultus Lake, British Columbia.

Journal of the Biological Board of Canada ◽

10.1139/f37-022 ◽

1937 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 363-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

William E. Ricker

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Oxygen Content ◽

Heat Budget ◽

Clear Lake ◽

Equable Climate ◽

Low Degree ◽

Seasonal Circulation ◽

Measure Oxygen Consumption ◽

Physical And Chemical

Cultus lake is a rather small, fairly deep, clear lake of the western Cascade mountains, and is the home of one of the populations of Fraser river sockeye. The equable climate of the region is reflected in the low annual heat budget of the lake and its normal lack of an ice cover in winter, with continued complete or partial circulation of its water throughout that season. Judged by the low degree of hypolimnial oxygen consumption in summer, the lake is to be classed as distinctly oligotrophic. The oxygen content at all depths and seasons is sufficient for the respiration of salmonoid fishes. The water is moderately hard and slightly alkaline. Quantities of dissolved nitrates and phosphates in the water appear to be of the order characteristic of oligotrophic lakes. Silicates are present much in excess of the requirements of the lake's diatom populations. The number of adult sockeye returning to the lake in normal years is insufficient to add to its supply of nutritive salts in significant amount. Temperature observations and oxygen determinations, taken at frequent intervals for several years, have contributed to the knowledge of certain questions of general limnological interest. Such include (1) the manner in which the hypolimnion of a lake is warmed in summer; (2) the classification of the seasonal circulation periods in temperate lakes; and (3) the oxygen content of a lake at the close of vernal circulation, and its use as a standard from which to measure oxygen consumption throughout the summer.

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Classification of Homonymic Terms in Medical Terminology of English, Russian and Tatar Languages

Journal of Educational and Social Research ◽

10.36941/jesr-2020-0107 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Venera Khisamova ◽

Liliia Abdullina ◽

Leila Nurgalieva ◽

Elmira Khabibullina

Keyword(s):

English Language ◽

Comparative Method ◽

Medical Terminology ◽

Parts Of Speech ◽

Comparative Aspect ◽

Low Degree ◽

International Comparative ◽

Functional Shift ◽

High Degree

This study is undertaken to identify the similarities and differences of classification of homonyms in medical terminology of English, Russian and Tatar languages. In this paper a comparative method was used to identify the common and special in the compared languages. The basis of comparison in the medical terminology of genetically unrelated languages was established. In this study, the method of feature comparison was used, i.e. the phenomenon of homonymy was studied in a comparative aspect. The results of this study contribute to ordering the terms, the selection of the correct, appropriate term when translating medical texts from one language into another. The languages under the consideration have intra-terminological, inter-terminological, inter-system homonymy. Besides, there are homonymic relations between eponyms in all languages. In the medical terminology of the English language, the following groups of homonyms are found: absolute, incomplete, partial (homophones, homographs) homonyms. Incomplete homonyms are divided into lexical and lexical and grammatical, and partial homonyms are divided into lexical, lexical and grammatical, grammatical (homonyms-converse terms). Homophones, in turn, are classified into homophones and near homophones. Homonyms are classified into homonyms of a high degree of homonymity, homonyms of a medium degree of homonymity, homonyms of a low degree of homonymity in Russian medical terminology. In medical terminology of the Tatar language absolute and incomplete homonyms are distinguished. Incomplete homonyms include homoforms that belong to different parts of speech and homographs. Homographs are rare phenomenon in the medical terminology of the Tatar language. Separately, as a special group, homonyms-converse terms are considered. There are three types of functional shift relations in the Tatar language: syntactic, lexical and semantic, the most common of which is syntactic relation. The phenomenon of homonymy affects the Greek-Latin terminological elements, which are international. Comparative analysis of three languages in the matter of homonyms in medical terminology has shown that English and Tatar languages have more similarities than English and Russian ones and Russian and Tatar ones. The English medical terminology is more replete with homonymous acronyms than Russian and Tatar ones.

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A New Decomposition Basis for The Classification of Aberrations of The Human Eye

ESAIM Proceedings and Surveys ◽

10.1051/proc/201862043 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

pp. 43-55

Author(s):

Laurent Dumas ◽

Damien Gatinel ◽

Jacques Malet

Keyword(s):

Orthogonal Basis ◽

High Order ◽

Clinical Interpretation ◽

Wavefront Analysis ◽

Human Eye ◽

Phase Errors ◽

Low Degree

The optical defects of the human eye are analyzed and classified by studying the corre-sponding ocular wavefront. After presenting the orthogonal basis, called the Zernike basis, which is currently used for the wavefront analysis, a new mathematical decomposition basis is built. In this new basis, the phase errors due to the low degree aberrations terms are totally separated from the high order terms, in order to improve the relevance of the clinical interpretation through a better appreciation of the low vs high aberration wavefront components. Various clinical examples (myopia, keratoconus) clearly show the interest of this new basis compared to a diagnosis based on the Zernike decomposition.

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