scholarly journals Wpływ różnych dawek promieni gamma 60Co na dynamikę kiełkowania nasion i przeżywalność siewek asra chińskiego (Callistephus chinensis Nees). Cz. I [The effect of varying doses of gamma rays 60Co on the dynamics of seed germination and survival of China aster (Callistephus chinensis Nees) seedlings]

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-131
Author(s):  
Alicja Wosińska
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
China Aster

Studies were undertaken on the effect of gamma rays on germination of aster seeds in laboratory conditions and in a greenhouse, as well as on the dynamics of seedling survival after 10, 20, 30 and 40 days. In laboratory conditions negative effect of radiation on seed germination was noted already four days after sowing. However, this effect was only transitory and after 10 days decreased germination ability was observed only in case of 'Goplana' variety, at radiation doses of 24 and 30 kR. In greenhouse conditions higher radiation doses decreased germination ability of most varieties under study and prolonged germination time. At 24-50 kR inhibition of growth and development of seedlings – at the stage of cotyledon - was noted in all varieties under study. Lethal effect of radiation occurred after 20 or 30 days and increased with time. Level of LD<sub>100</sub> after 40 days varied in particular varieties from 12 to 18 kF. Reaction of particular varieties under study was also diffenetiated.

scholarly journals IV. Effect of 60Co gamma rays on survival rate of China aster plants (Callistephus chinensis Nees) in M1 generations - under field conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283
Author(s):  
A. Wosińska
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Variety Effect ◽  
China Aster ◽  
Different Doses

Studies were undertaken on the effect of different doses of gamma radiation on survival rate of plants (germinated from irradiated seeds) for 5 China aster varieties specified at florescence time. During their growth under field conditions (from planting time to blooming) lethal effect of the radiation occurred in plants of all varieties and its level depended on dose and variety. Effect of 3 kR and 6 kR doses differed depending on variety and was not always harmful, but following irradiation with doses exceeding 6 kR a considerable decrease in survival rate was observed. Radioresistance of studied varieties - measured both: by LD<sub>50</sub> and LD<sub>l00</sub> - differed; depending on variety, LD<sub>50 </sub>and LD<sub>l00</sub> values fluctuated: from 6 to 9 kR and 12 to 15 kR respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Acute Exposure of Gamma Rays on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Pinus kesiya Gord and P. wallichiana A.B. Jacks

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.B. Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Pinus Kesiya ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Epicotyl Elongation

Present study deals with the effect of acute exposure of gamma rays on Pinus kesiya and P. wallichiana. Seeds were eradicated with a 60cobalt sources emitting gamma rays at the rate of 2.8 kR/min. The seeds were given 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0 and 30.0 kR exposures. Germination in control and treated seeds of both the species started simultaneously 26 days after sowing. In P. kesiya seeds exposed to 30kR germinated but in P. wallichiana 30 kR was lethal for seed germination and it was restricted up to 20 kR only. With increasing exposure root, hypocotyl and epicotyl elongation decreased in both the species. In P. kesiya more than 50% inhibition was induced by 10 kR but in P. wallichiana this exposure induced 100% inhibition of growth in all the cases. In both the species the intensity of inhibition increased with increasing exposures though lower exposure in some cases was stimulatory.Keywords: Radiation exposure, gamma rays, 60cobalt, intensity, stimulation, inhibition.doi:10.3126/on.v2i1.318Our Nature (2004) 2: 13-17

scholarly journals Mutagenic Effect on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Seedling Survival of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp)

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ariraman ◽  
S. Gnanamurthy ◽  
D. Dhanavel ◽  
T. Bharathi ◽  
S. Murugan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Vigour Index

In the present investigation the seeds of Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp) were treated with different doses of gamma radiation (05KR, 10KR, 15KR, 20KR, 25KR, 30KR, 35KR, 40KR, 45KR, and 50KR) and concentration of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (05mM, 10mM, 15mM, 20mM, 25mM, 30mM, 35mM, 40mM, 45mM, and 50mM) for studying seed germination, seedling height, (shoot and root), seedling injury, seedling vigour index, and seedling survival of plants at 30th day. The seed germination percentage was decreased with increased in the concentration/doses when compared to control. The LD50 (Lethal dose) value was determined based upon the seed germination percentage. The 50 percentage of seed germination and reduction was observed in 20KR of gamma rays and 25mM of EMS and it is considered as LD50 value for both the treatments. The decrease in seed germination was more prominent with gamma rays than that of EMS treatments. The seedling parameters of gamma rays and EMS treated seedlings were progressively decreased with increase dose/concentration in all mutagenic treatments when compared to control. The maximum seedling parameters were observed in 05KR of gamma rays and 05mM of EMS. Minimum seedling parameters were observed in 50mM of EMS and 50KR of gamma rays respectively.

Lethal Dose (LD50) Fixation and Sensitivity of Fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecumL.) to Gamma Radiation for Induction of Mutation

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANURADHA PATEL ◽  
POONAM VERMA ◽  
SHARDA CHOUDHARY ◽  
ARVIND KUMAR VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Small Flower ◽  
Dose Dependent

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecumL.) is an annual crop, mainly used as a spiceand leafy vegetable crop in many parts of the world. Classical breeding in fenugreek is restricted due to its low genetic variability and small flower size which hamper manual emasculation and pollination. Mutation breeding is an effective way to enrich genetic variability in crop plants. An experiment was conducted to determine the lethal dose of the physical mutagen gamma rays in fenugreek. The dry seeds of fenugreek were exposed to different doses of gamma rays i.e. 150Gy, 200Gy, 250Gy, 300Gy and 350Gy. These irradiated seeds were sown in the Petri plates with non-irradiated seeds (control). As the dose of gamma rays increased, there was a decrease in germination percentage, seedling survival, root length, shoot length and vigour index. Among five doses of gamma rays, the maximum seed germination was observed at lowest dose 150Gy (93%), followed by 200Gy (83%), 250Gy (76%), 300Gy (76%) and 350Gy (64%). The seedling survival was decreased from 90% (in control) to 56% in 350Gy dose of gamma rays. The gamma rays dose of 150Gy gave stimulatory effect on seedlings growth. The growth parameters were dose dependent, as the dose of gamma rays increased from 200Gy to 350Gy. The gamma rays dose of 350Gy showed 64% seeds germination and 56% of seedlings survival. Therefore, it is concluded that the LD50 dose for fenugreek is close to 350Gy. This information would be highly useful for initiating mutation breeding programme in fenugreek

scholarly journals Effects of Accelerated Aging on Soybean Seed Germination Indexes at Laboratory Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra RASTEGAR ◽  
Mohammad SEDGHI ◽  
Saeid KHOMARI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

Direct seeding of PinusSylvestris using microsite preparation and invigorated seed lots of different quality: 2-year results

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Winsa ◽  
Urban Bergsten
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Humus Layer ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Better Than

Direct seeding of Pinussylvestris L. is a regeneration method, with potential for development considering scarification, microsite preparation, seed invigoration, and seed quality. Three seed lots of different quality concerning seed weight, germination percent, and mean germination time were used on two sites in northern Sweden. Microsite preparation, 2 cm deep pyramidal indentations, of the mineral soil improved seedling emergence on the two sites by 48 and 62%, respectively, compared with seeding without preparation other than removal of the humus layer. Microsite preparation in combination with invigorated seed, i.e., seed incubated at 30% moisture content for 7 days at 15 °C, resulted in seedling emergence of about 85% for the highest and about 50% for the lowest seed quality at both sites. Noninvigorated seed, seeded without microsite preparation, reached about 55% for the highest and 22% at one and 43% at the other for the lowest seed quality. Without microsite preparation there was no, or a negative, effect of seed invigoration on seedling emergence. Seedling survival after the first winter improved significantly with better seed quality. Survival averaged 92 and 72% at the two sites, with frost heaving causing most mortality. Seedlings from invigorated and redried seed survived better than seedlings from untreated seed. Seedlings from the best seed quality had higher values in seedling height, about 35%, shoot length, about 60%, and needle length, about 30%, after two growing seasons than seedlings from lower seed qualities. Invigoration and microsite preparation had no effect on measured growth characteristics.

scholarly journals Can tortoises facilitate the germination of plants with dry fruits? A simulation of the effects of Chelonoidis carbonarius (Testudines: Testudinidae) on the germination of Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae)

Rodriguésia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-666
Author(s):  
João Fabrício Mota Rodrigues ◽  
Sâmia Paiva de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Acidic Condition ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Acidic Conditions

Abstract Ingestion of seeds by vertebrates may influence seed germination and dispersion. However the mechanisms responsible by these effects and the importance of turtles in these interactions are still poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate how Chelonoidis carbonarius influences the germination process of Leucaena leucocephala using an experiment conducted at the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, that simulates the passage of the seeds of this plant through the digestive tract of C. carbonarius: stomach acidic condition and seeds sown in feces. We demonstrated that sowing the seeds in feces of Chelonoidis carbonarius has a negative effect on the germination of Leucaena leucocephala, decreasing the germination speed index of the seeds, while the acidic conditions have a neutral one. This study is a first attempt to understand how turtles and tortoises may influence the seed germination, and the implications of these findings in natural environments deserve further investigations.

scholarly journals Interspecific Hybridization in Hazelnut (Corylus)

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veli Erdogan ◽  
Shawn A. Mehlenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Cluster Set ◽  
Reciprocal Differences ◽  
Hybrid Seedling ◽  
Bridge Species

Eight Corylus L. (hazelnut) species were intercrossed in all possible combinations to reveal genetic relationships. Pollinations were made on either individually bagged branches or trees covered entirely with polyethylene using mixtures of pollen of five genotypes to minimize low cluster set due to single incompatible combinations. Percent cluster set, seed germination, and hybrid seedling survival were determined. Hybridity of seedlings was verified by inspection of morphological traits. Based on percent cluster set, seed germination, and hybrid seedling survival along with observed morphological similarities, Corylus species were placed in three groups: 1) the tree hazels C. colurna L. (turkish tree hazel) and C. chinensis Franchet (chinese tree hazel), 2) the bristle-husked shrub species C. cornuta Marshall (beaked hazel), C. californica (A.DC.) Rose (california hazel), and C. sieboldiana Blume (manchurian hazel), and 3) the leafy-husked shrub species C. avellana L. (european hazel), C. americana Marshall (american hazel), C. heterophylla Fischer (siberian hazel), and C. heterophylla Fischer var. sutchuensis Franchet (sichuan hazel). The two tree hazel species crossed with each other readily, as did the three bristle-husked shrub species. The frequency of blanks was low (<20%) for crosses of the tree hazels, and <50% for interspecific crosses within the group of bristle-husked species. The leafy-husked shrub species could be crossed with each other in all directions, although cluster set on C. heterophylla was low. For crosses of species belonging to different groups, set was generally low and the frequency of blanks high. Nevertheless, a few hybrid seedlings were obtained from several combinations. When used as the female parent, C. californica set nuts when crossed with all other species, indicating possible value as a bridge species. Crosses involving C. avellana were more successful when it was the pollen parent. In crosses with C. avellana pollen, cluster set on C. chinensis was better than on C. colurna and the frequency of blanks was much lower, indicating that it might be easier to transfer nonsuckering growth habit from C. chinensis than from C. colurna. Reciprocal differences in the success of crosses was observed. The following crosses were successful C. californica × C. avellana, C. chinensis × C. avellana, C americana × C. heterophylla, C. cornuta × C heterophylla, C. californica × C. colurna, and C. americana × C. sieboldiana, but the reciprocals were not.

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