scholarly journals IV. Effect of 60Co gamma rays on survival rate of China aster plants (Callistephus chinensis Nees) in M1 generations - under field conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-283
Author(s):  
A. Wosińska

Studies were undertaken on the effect of different doses of gamma radiation on survival rate of plants (germinated from irradiated seeds) for 5 China aster varieties specified at florescence time. During their growth under field conditions (from planting time to blooming) lethal effect of the radiation occurred in plants of all varieties and its level depended on dose and variety. Effect of 3 kR and 6 kR doses differed depending on variety and was not always harmful, but following irradiation with doses exceeding 6 kR a considerable decrease in survival rate was observed. Radioresistance of studied varieties - measured both: by LD<sub>50</sub> and LD<sub>l00</sub> - differed; depending on variety, LD<sub>50 </sub>and LD<sub>l00</sub> values fluctuated: from 6 to 9 kR and 12 to 15 kR respectively.

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Muhammad Liman MUHAMMAD ◽  
Ahmed Olamide FALUSI ◽  
Matthew Omoniyi ADEBOLA ◽  
Onyedi David OYEDUM ◽  
Aishatu Adamu GADO ◽  
...  

Insufficient genetic variability is one of the major problems of plant breeding programmes, especially in sesame. Gamma radiation has been reported to be very effective in creating genetic variability in plants. Three varieties of Nigerian sesame were assessed for spectrum and frequency of mutation induced by Gamma radiations in M1 and M2 generations. The varieties (NCRIBEN-04E, NCRIBEN-01M and NCRIBEN-03L) were treated with four different doses of gamma rays (250, 350, 450 and 550 Gy). The treated and untreated seeds (control) were sown in planting bags (under field condition) to raise M1 plants. Four treatments: V1D5, V2D3, V3D2 and V3D4 (from M1 plants) were selected and bulked to obtain M2 populations. The results of M1 revealed four mutant fruit traits: multicarpellate capsule, multiple capsule per leaf axil, indehiscent capsule and terminal capsules. The highest frequencies of the traits in M1 generation were 2.50×10-2, 9.17×10-2, 1.67×10-2and3.33×10-2 respectively. The highest branching (7) was from NCRIBEN-01M, while the least (2) was from NCRIBEN-04E. The M2 plants were grouped into eight M2 lines. The dose range (250-550 Gy) was proved to be effective in inducing viable mutations in sesame.


2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1093-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Scheer da Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Danielowski ◽  
Eugenia Jacira Bolacel Braga ◽  
Sidnei Deuner ◽  
Ariano Martins de Magalhães Junior ◽  
...  

Techniques used to induce mutations, such as ionizing radiation, are an effective tool in increasing genetic variability in breeding programs of species of economic interest. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of Co60 gamma radiation on previously soaked seeds on the emergence and early growth of seedlings of two rice cultivars. To do this, seeds (25% moisture) of BRS Querência and BRS Fronteira were irradiated with zero (control), 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy, and then sown in trays containing soil and kept in a greenhouse. The results showed that gamma radiation affected seedling development, where the highest dose tested (200 Gy) significantly reduced the emergence and the index of emergence speed. Growth parameters were reduced greater reduction in cv. BRS Querência. For antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase expressed little variation for the periods evaluated. Already ascorbate peroxidase and catalase showed a significant increase in horsepower cv. BRS Fronteira at 14 DAS, followed by an increase in both cultivars ascorbate peroxidase activity at 28 DAS. The highest antioxidant capacity observed in cv. BRS Fronteira conferred greater tolerance to stress caused by gamma radiation.


2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-131
Author(s):  
Alicja Wosińska

Studies were undertaken on the effect of gamma rays on germination of aster seeds in laboratory conditions and in a greenhouse, as well as on the dynamics of seedling survival after 10, 20, 30 and 40 days. In laboratory conditions negative effect of radiation on seed germination was noted already four days after sowing. However, this effect was only transitory and after 10 days decreased germination ability was observed only in case of 'Goplana' variety, at radiation doses of 24 and 30 kR. In greenhouse conditions higher radiation doses decreased germination ability of most varieties under study and prolonged germination time. At 24-50 kR inhibition of growth and development of seedlings – at the stage of cotyledon - was noted in all varieties under study. Lethal effect of radiation occurred after 20 or 30 days and increased with time. Level of LD<sub>100</sub> after 40 days varied in particular varieties from 12 to 18 kF. Reaction of particular varieties under study was also diffenetiated.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-549
Author(s):  
Shamsiah Abdullah ◽  
Nor Yasmin Mohamad Fauzi ◽  
Aida Khalida Khalid ◽  
Mohamad Osman

The effects of gamma radiation are investigated by studying seed germination, survival rate and morphological characteristics of Stevia rebaudiana. Improvement of stevia plant through mutagenesis could be one of the ways to produce stevia with delay flowering. 


2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ívina Catarina de Oliveira Guimarães ◽  
Joelma Pereira ◽  
Vanda Maria de Oliveira Cornélio ◽  
Luís Roberto Batista ◽  
Eric Batista Ferreira

Owing to its chemical composition and production chain, rice is susceptible to contamination by fungi. Among other techniques, the application of gamma radiation has been suggested as a method to ensure food safety. However, such radiation can alter the chemical composition of the food. Thus, the objective of the present work is to evaluate the centesimal composition, caloric value, pH, total titratable acidity, and coloration of polished white rice subjected to different doses of Co60 gamma radiation (0 kGy, 6.5 kGy, and 7.5 kGy). The results demonstrated that while gamma radiation did not cause significant alterations in the centesimal composition, caloric value, and titratable acidity of the rice, increasing doses substantially decreased the pH and intensified the coloration. Under controlled radiation conditions, a 6.5-kGy dose can render rice safe for consumption without significantly compromising its physical and physicochemical properties.


Toxicon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Bianca Clissa ◽  
Nanci do Nascimento ◽  
José Roberto Rogero

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Jojo Subagja ◽  
Vitas Atmadi Prakoso

Ikan baung (Hemibagrus nemurus) memiliki prospek bagus untuk dikembangkan sebagai komoditas budidaya di Indonesia karena citarasa daging yang enak banyak diminati konsumen. Dewasa ini, peningkatan produksi benih dapat dilakukan melalui pemijahan buatan dengan manipulasi hormonal. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi produksi induk ikan baung melalui pemijahan buatan dengan dosis penyuntikan GnRH-a berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan di Instalasi Riset Plasma Nutfah Perikanan Air Tawar, Cijeruk, Bogor pada bulan November 2017. Induk betina ikan baung yang digunakan berukuran 465,0 ± 71,8 g; dan induk jantan 426,3 ± 46,8 g. Induksi dilakukan dengan penyuntikan hormon GnRH-a dengan tiga dosis yang berbeda pada induk betina (0,3; 0,5; dan 0,7 mL/kg bobot badan), dan ikan jantan dengan dosis 0,4 mL/kg bobot badan. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas tiga ekor induk betina sebagai ulangan. Hormon disuntikkan secara intramuskular, diberikan dua kali penyuntikan 35% dari dosis total pada penyuntikan pertama, dan 65% diberikan pada penyuntikan kedua, dengan interval waktu penyuntikan delapan jam. Parameter yang diamati yaitu jumlah telur ovulasi, derajat pembuahan, derajat penetasan, dan sintasan larva selama tujuh hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis penyuntikan hormon GnRH-a 0,5 mL/kg pada induk ikan baung saat proses pemijahan buatan menghasilkan derajat penetasan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dosis 0,3 dan 0,7 mL/kg; serta sintasan larva yang lebih baik dibandingkan dosis 0,7 mL/kg. Sedangkan nilai jumlah telur yang berhasil ovulasi dan derajat pembuahan yang relatif lebih baik ditemukan pada perlakuan dosis 0,7 mL/kg dibandingkan dengan dosis 0,3 dan 0,5 mL/kg.Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) has a good prospect to be developed as aquaculture commodity in Indonesia. It was proved by the demand of consumers regarding to its delicious flesh taste. Recently, efforts to increase seedling production could be implemented through artificial spawning with hormonal manipulation. This study was conducted to evaluate the production of broodstocks through artificial spawning with different doses of GnRH-a. Study was conducted at Research Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Germplasm, Cijeruk, Bogor in November, 2017. The broodstock used in this study was 465.0 ± 71.8 g for females, and 426.3 ± 46.8 g for males. Induction was performed by injection of GnRH-a hormone with three different doses on female broodstocks (0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 mL/kg of body weight), and male broodstocks with a dose of 0.4 mL/kg of body weight. Each treatment consisted of three females as replications. The hormone was injected intramuscularly, given twice injection: 35% of the total dose is given at the first injection, and the remaining 65% was given at the second injection, with an injection time interval of eight hours. The results showed the observed parameters of number of the ovulated eggs, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and larval survival for seven days, treatment dosage of 0.5 mL/kg showed better results (P<0.05) than the dosage of 0.3 mL/kg and 0.7 mL/kg. Parameters observed were number of ovulated eggs, fertility rate, hatching rate, and survival rate for seven days. The results showed that the dosage of 0.5 mL/kg GnRH-a injection to the broodstock during artificial spawning resulted in higher hatching rate compared to 0.3 and 0.7 mL/kg and better larval survival rate than the dosage of 0.7 mL/kg. Meanwhile, the number of ovulated eggs and fertility rate was relatively better in the treatment of 0.7 mL/kg compared with the dosage of 0.3 and 0.5 mL/kg.


Author(s):  
Devi Suresh ◽  
M. Ananthan ◽  
C. Vanniarajan ◽  
P. Balasubramanian ◽  
T. Sivakumar ◽  
...  

Background: MDU-1 is a high yielding, indeterminate cluster bean variety. In order to develop determinate mutant with high yield, MDU-1 cluster bean variety was irradiated using gamma rays, electron beam and combination of gamma rays and EMS with different doses and the variability induced in M5 generations were studied. Methods: Twenty one best individual plants from M4 generation were selected based on plant height and higher yield and forwarded to M5 generation where they were evaluated in RBD with three replications. Fourteen non-segregating mutant lines with desirable traits were identified in M5 generation and were evaluated for variability along with the parent MDU1. Result: Five best mutant lines namely ACMC-020-04, ACMC-020-11, ACMC-020-08, ACMC-020-10 and ACMC-020-11 were selected from the 14 accessions based on per se performance and variability analysis. The selected mutants needs to be forwarded for stability testing in different environments.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Arlene Santisteban Campos ◽  
Guilherme Vieira Do Bomfim ◽  
Benito Moreira De Azevedo ◽  
Carlos Alberto Kenji Taniguchi ◽  
Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto de Carvalho

Anthurium maricense is a tropical ornamental species with great commercial potential in the areas of landscaping and potted foliage plants. One of the main obstacles in the production of micropropagated anthurium plantlets is its slow development and/or the low survival rate of the plantlets during the acclimatization stage. The use of slow-release fertilisers (SRF) can accelerate this process; however, there are no reports in the literature concerning this practice during acclimatization of micropropagated plantlets of this species. As such, in the present study, the effects of different doses of SRF on the development of micropropagated plantlets of Anthurium maricense were evaluated during the acclimatization stage in a screenhouse. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomised design, with five treatments and four replications of four plantlets per plot. The treatments comprised doses of 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 kg m-3 of the SRF Osmocote® (NPK 15:9:12) added to the substrate. The variables under evaluation were the variation in plant height, in the number of leaves and in the area of the largest leaf, pot occupancy, net photosynthetic rate, internal carbon, and leaf temperature and moisture. The use of SRF promoted better development of the micropropagated plantlets of A. maricense during the acclimatization stage. Of the variables under analysis, the variation in the area of the largest leaf is the most important, since the commercial interest of the studied species is the foliage, which was at its maximum with an estimated dose of Osmocote® of 6.40 kg m-3.


2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Masyarul Rusdani, Sadikin Amir Saptono Waspodo dan Zaenal Abidin

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kinerja bakteri probiotik Bacillus spp. dan prebiotik molase dengan dosis berbeda terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Penelitian ini menggunakan motede eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dan melibatkan 5 perlakuan, yaitu kontrol (K), Bacillus spp. 10 ml/kg pakan (A); Bacillus spp. 10 ml/Kg pakan + molase 10 v/v (B); Bacillus spp. 20 ml/Kg pakan (C); dan Bacillus spp. 20 ml/Kg pakan + molase 10 v/v(D). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan variasi untuk total bakteri, yaitu dari 2,24x108 hingga 3,78x108 CFU/ml. Demikian juga dengan total Bacillus spp. dari 1,07x106 hingga 2,02x107 CFU/ml. Adapun untuk pengamatan tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan tidak menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan. Meski demikian, perlakuan D memiliki hasil yang relatif lebih baik dengan nilai SR dan LPH berturut-turut 96,67% dan 1,01 %/hari. Kata kunci : probiotik Bacillus spp., prebiotik molase,  total bakteri dan Bacillus spp., tingkat kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan harian  ABSTRACTThis study was aimed to determine the good combination of probiotic bacillus spp. and prebiotic molasses with different doses to survival rate and growth performance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). this study has used experimental design with completely randomized design (CRD) and five treatment, i.e. Control (K), without probiotic and prebiotic; Bacillus spp. 10 ml/kg feed (A); Bacillus spp. 10 ml/Kg feed + molasses 10 v/v (B); Bacillus spp. 20 ml/Kg feed (C); dan Bacillus spp. 20 ml/Kg feed + molasses 10 v/v (D). The results showed variation for total bacteria and total Bacillus spp. The average of total bacteria obtained in this study ranged from 2,24x108 to 3.78x108 CFU/ml. Likewise, the total Bacillus spp. were obtained from 1.07x106 to 2.02x107 CFU/ml. While for survival rate (SR) and the growth rate (DGR) did not showed significant results. However, treatment D has a relatively better then treatment else with SR and DGR respectively 96.67% and 1.01%.day-1. Keywords : probiotic Bacillus spp., prebiotic molasses, total bacteria and Bacillus spp., survival rate, specific growth rate.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document