scholarly journals The effect of osmocote fertilizers on growth and nutrient status of Carex buchananii Berggr.

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Monika Henschke ◽  
Ewelina Wojciechowska ◽  
Agnieszka Błaszyk ◽  
Katarzyna Araszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Application Rates

An experiment on the effect of Osmocote fertilizers on growth and nutrient status of <em>Carex buchananii</em> was conducted in the years 2008–2009. <em>Carex buchananii</em> is a dense-tufted sedge growing up to 60 cm in height, with very narrow, stiff, red, copper and olive colored leaves throughout the season. Plants were grown in a greenhouse in pots with peat substrate for 18 weeks. The differentiating factors included the type of fertilizer, i.e. Exact Standard 16:11:11 and Osmocote Exact High Start 11:11:19, and fertilizer application rates of 2 and 4 g dm<sup>−3</sup>, the phase of growth, i.e. 1 to 9 weeks and 9 to 18 weeks of culture. The greatest increment in the tuft circumference of <em>C. buchananii</em> was recorded in the first 9 weeks of culture, while that of the fresh weight of aboveground parts – in the period from 9 to 18 weeks. The application of Osmocote Exact High Start at 4 g dm<sup>−3</sup> in the culture of <em>C. buchananii</em> resulted in the production of the desired quality of the plants with a greater tuft circumference and shorter leaves. It was shown that best quality plants contained in their aboveground parts the following amounts of macronutrients and sodium (g kg<sup>−1</sup>): N – 18.9, P – 3.5, K – 37.2, Ca – 5.8, Mg – 3.0, and Na – 0.3.

scholarly journals Planting Dates and Nutrition Management Regimes Impact Positively on Bulb Size, Quality and Yield of Rain-fed Onion

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Isaac Kwahene ADDAI ◽  
Joseph X. KUGBE
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Nutrition Management ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Management Regimes ◽  
Cropping Seasons

 Bulb size, appropriate time of planting and sufficient growth nutrients may determine the quality of seeds and productivity of onion. Studies were conducted during the cropping seasons of year 2015 and 2016 to assess the effects of planting date and nutrients management regimes on bulb size, quality and yield of rain-fed onion using seeds of variety Prema as planting material. Three levels of transplanting dates namely early transplanting (N1)), transplanting of seedlings two weeks after early transplanting (N2), and transplanting of seedlings four weeks after early transplanting (N3) were factorially combined with the following six fertilizer application regimes: F1 (no fertilizer application), F2 (application of 375 kg/ha of NPK 23:10:10), F3 (application of 10 t/ha fertisoil compost), F4 (application of 187.5 kg/ha of NPK 23:10:10 plus 5 t/ha of fertisoil compost), F5 (application of 125 kg/ha of NPK 23:10:10  plus 6.6 t/ha of fertisoil compost) and F6 (application of 250 kg/ha of NPK 23:10:10 plus 3.3 t/ha of fertisoil compost). Seedlings from the above treatment combinations were planted using RCBD in three onion growing communities in the Northern Region of Ghana. At harvest, bulbs were sorted into three groups (large, medium and small bulbs). Results from the studies indicated that in each group of bulb size, N1 x F4 plants produced the highest bulb fresh weight and bulb diameter. Plants from these regimes also produced the highest bulb quality and bulb yield. Farmers should nurse onion seeds early, latest by first week of June in the rainy season, so as to transplant seedlings by first week of July and apply 187.5 kg/ha of 23:10:10 NPK plus 5 t/ha fertisoil compost for improved bulb sizes in the study area.

INFLUENCE OF FORMIC ACID AND FORMALIN ON QUALITY OF DIRECT-CUT ALFALFA SILAGE

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. DAVIDSON ◽  
K. R. STEVENSON
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Ammoniacal Nitrogen ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight Basis ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Forage Harvester

Early bloom alfalfa (Medicago sativa cult Saranac), at 22.5% dry matter, was harvested with a forage harvester. Formic acid (85% solution) and formalin (37.5% solution) and various mixtures were applied to the herbage, on a fresh weight basis, at rates of 0.33, 0.50, and 0.66%. The material was ensiled in sealed plastic-lined barrels holding 150 kg and fitted with fermentation locks. After 130 days, the quality of the treated and untreated silages was examined by comparing organic acid and ammoniacal-nitrogen contents. With formic treatments, an immediate drop in pH to 4.76, 4.20, and 3.93 was observed with rates of 0.33, 0.50, and 0.66%, respectively. Formalin had no effect on pH. Lactic acid contents were lower with formalin and the 0.66% formic but higher with 0.33 and 0.50% formic than in untreated silage. The volatile fatty acids were reduced equally by both formic acid and formalin. Increased rates of application reduced these acids. The ammoniacal-nitrogen contents decreased with increased application rates. Amounts of 14.11, 2.80, and 5.73% of total nitrogen were found in untreated, 0.66% formic acid-treated, and 0.66% formalin-treated silages, respectively. The various formic–formalin mixtures produced results intermediate to separate applications of formic and formalin for all parameters analyzed.

Effects of planting densities and fertilizer application levels on the main quality of Xiangzayou763

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-320
Author(s):  
Ji-yue WANG ◽  
Hai-xing SONG ◽  
Chun-yun GUAN ◽  
Qiang LIU ◽  
Xiang-min RONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Regional-Scale Optimal K Rate Based on Sustainable Apple Yield and High-Efficiency K Use in Loess Plateau and Bohai Bay of China: A Meta-Analysis

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1368
Author(s):  
Wenzheng Tang ◽  
Wene Wang ◽  
Dianyu Chen ◽  
Ningbo Cui ◽  
Haosheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Bohai Bay ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Relationship Model

In order to meet the growing food demand of the global population and maintain sustainable soil fertility, there is an urgent need to optimize fertilizer application amount in agricultural production practices. Most of the existing studies on the optimal K rates for apple orchards were based on case studies and lack information on optimizing K-fertilizer management on a regional scale. Here, we used the method of combining meta-analysis with the K application rate-yield relationship model to quantify and summarize the optimal K rates of the Loess Plateau and Bohai Bay regions in China. We built a dataset based on 159 observations obtained from 18 peer-reviewed literature studies distributed in 15 different research sites and evaluated the regional-scale optimal K rates for apple production. The results showed that the linear plus platform model was more suitable for estimating the regional-scale optimal K rates, which were 208.33 and 176.61 kg K ha−1 for the Loess Plateau and Bohai Bay regions of China, respectively. Compared with high K application rates, the optimal K rates increased K use efficiency by 45.88–68.57%, with almost no yield losses. The optimal K rates also enhanced the yield by 6.30% compared with the low K application rates.

scholarly journals Levels of Organochlorine Pesticides in Brackish Water Fish from Niger River, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Unyimadu ◽  
O. Osibanjo ◽  
Joshua O. Babayemi
Keyword(s):  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Delta Area ◽  
Guideline Value ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Landing Sites ◽  
Niger River ◽  
Brackish Water Fish

Investigation of the levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in fish samples was carried out to assess the contamination status of Niger River. Ten different brackish water species of fish (6 samples for each, making a total of 60) were purchased from landing sites at the Delta area of Niger River. These were Drapane africana, Mochokus niloticus, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, Pristipoma jubelini, Vomer septapinis, Pseudotolithus senegalensis, Mugil cephalus, Pseudotolithus elongatus, Sphyraena piscatorum, and Lutjanus goreensis. OCPs were determined using standard methods. Certified reference standards from Accustandard USA were used for the instrument calibration and quantification of OCPs. Twenty OCPs, namely, α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, endrin, endrin aldehyde, endrin ketone, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, aldrin, dieldrin, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, endosulfan sulfate, methoxychlor, α-chlordane, γ-chlordane, DDE, DDT, and DDT, were identified/quantified using Gas Chromatography (GC) (Hewlett Packard GC 5890 series 11 with electron capture detector). Confirmation was done using Shimadzu GCMS QP2010. The highest concentration of ∑OCPs in the brackish fish samples of the Niger River, 4302±2066 µg/kg fresh weight, with a range of 2237-6368 µg/kg, was detected in Drapane africana, while the lowest concentration, 2320±876.4, with a range of 1006-3288 µg/kg, was found in Mochokus niloticus. The concentration of total OCP compounds varied markedly amongst the different fish species. The guideline value of 2000 µg/kg fresh weight by WHO/FAO was exceeded and therefore implied potential harmful effects on humans. Since contamination of the fish samples was an indication of contamination of the river, the quality of the water for public water supply should be of concern; and therefore further monitoring is suggested.

scholarly journals Subnationalism and Social Development: A Comparative Analysis of Indian States

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prerna Singh
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis

The quality of life that a person leads depends critically on where it is led. Even taking into account levels of economic development, the chances of an individual surviving through infancy, growing up literate, or living a healthy, long life vary dramatically across regions of the world, in different countries, and within the same country. What are the causes of such variation in wellbeing? This article points to a factor that has been virtually ignored in the vast scholarship on social welfare and development—the solidarity that emerges from a sense of shared identity. The argument marks an important departure from the traditional emphasis on the role of class and electoral politics, as well as from the dominant view of the negative implications of identity for welfare. Combining statistical analyses of all Indian states and a comparative historical analysis of two Indian provinces, Kerala and Uttar Pradesh, this article demonstrates how the strength of attachment to the subnational political community—subnationalism—can drive a progressive social policy and improve developmental outcomes.

scholarly journals Use of seed treatment with fungicide in control of colletotrichum truncatum and physiological quality of soybean seeds glycine max

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Vinícius Almeida Oliveira ◽  
Lorenxo Paradiso Martins ◽  
Rogério Cavalcante Gonçalves ◽  
Luíz Paulo Figueredo Benício ◽  
Daniella Lima da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Colletotrichum Truncatum ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Physiological Quality

The fungus are the main microorganisms present in seeds, is the main cause of deterioration and loss in production. The anthracnose caused by C. truncatum associated with soybean seeds as has main vehicle for introduction into the planting areas can be detected in all stages of crop development, from the cotyledons to the end of the cycle, being present in the stems, veins, leaflets and pods. Thus aimed to evaluate the influence of using different products fungicides as seed treatment, where the seeds were inoculated with the pathogenic fungus and treated with the chemicals They take Carbedazim + Fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M and carboxin + thiram. For each fungicide product was two tramentos done using the doses recommended by the manufacturer and 75% of dose. We evaluated health, germination and promote plant (Plant growth, fresh weight and dry weight of root and shoot). This work concludes that the use of fungicide controls significantly seeds infected with C. truncatum and presents a significant improvement as the development of structures seedling.

scholarly journals Quality of potatoes grown in various regions of Serbia as influenced by heavy metal and pesticide residues concentrations

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Rajkovic ◽  
Lidija Peric ◽  
Divna Kovacevic
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Current Season ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Chemical Procedure

It is possible to decompose starch into monosaccharides by the method of acid starch hydrolysis. By applying appropriate chemical procedure, a main solution is obtained, from which aliquots are taken after filtration to determine of the present glucose according to Luff-Shoorlu method. The analysed potatoes of cv. Desiree, grown on various sites in Serbia, have starch content that corresponds to available literature data. The highest starch content is found in potatoes from Ivanjica and Novi Pazar, i.e. from the areas where climate factors, air temperature, and land relief are favourable for potato growing. Lower starch contents are found in potatoes grown in flat areas with warmer climate and drier periods. Those are sites in PKB-Belgrade, Smederevo, Dobanovci and Mrcajevci areas, where the values obtained by experimental procedure are very similar. The lowest starch content is found in potatoes from Belegis and Guca sites, where starch content is lower than normal from literature values, which may be explained by some special causes (climate, location, irrigation). On the basis of heavy metal contents in potato samples, it may be concluded that potatoes originating from sites famous for potato production are contaminated with Cd the content of which exceeds concentrations permitted by regulations. The presence of Cd in potato samples may also be explained by the application of phosphate fertilizers in higher (or recommended) rates. However, the soil itself should also be investigated, especially concerning the content of Cd and pH value. Thus, the influence of the soil itself should be established compared to fertilizer application in the current season. Presence of Cd in potatoes, on the other hand, is highly unfavourable because it prevents its utilization in nutrition, but also as a raw material for further processing of products based on potatoes: chips, etc. Also, Cd presence in foods is strictly controlled by EU, which prevents possible export of products based on potatoes containing Cd. Analyses of lindane and bensultap (Bancol) pesticides indicate that they are not within critical values, nor in such quantities to affect human health, so, from this aspect, the analysed potato samples from all sites are absolutely suitable for consumation.

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