EFFECTS OF SURFACE PREPARATION ON FRICTION AND WEAR IN DRY SLIDING CONDITIONS

Tribologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 272 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Andrzej DZIERWA
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Steel Disc ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
Sliding Distance

Wear tests were conducted using a ball-on-disc tester T-11. In the experiment, a 42CrMo4 rotating steel disc with a hardness of 40±2 HRC was placed in contact with a 100Cr6 steel ball with a diameter of 6.35 [mm]. The hardness of the ball was set to 62±2 HRC. Finishing treatment applied to the surfaces was sand blasting. Disc samples were prepared to obtain surfaces in similar range of the Sa parameter (arithmetical mean height of the surface) but other surface topography parameters vary. Dry sliding tests were conducted at sliding speeds of v1 = 0.16; v2 = 0.24 i v3 = 0.32 [m/s]. The sliding distance was set to 282.6 [m], and the normal load was set to 9.81 [N]. During the tests, the friction force was monitored as a function of time. Disc and ball wear was measured after the tests using a white light interferometer Talysurf CCI Lite. Profiles were taken in four positions (900 apart) perpendicular to the wear track. Then, using an interferometer software program TalyMap Gold 6.0, they were computed and averaged. It was found that the initial surface topography has a significant influence on friction and wear levels under dry sliding conditions. It was also identified the correlation between several surface topography parameters and wear volume.

Effect of Micro-Size Cenosphere Content on Friction and Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Vinylester Composites – A Taguchi Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 569-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Chauhan ◽  
Sunil Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Applied Normal Load ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Sliding Distance

In this paper the friction and wear characteristics of vinylester and vinylester composites have been investigated under dry sliding conditions for different applied normal load, sliding speed and sliding distance. The experiments have been carried on a pin on disc arrangement at normal room temperature conditions. The influence of friction and wear parameters like normal load, speed, sliding distance and percentage of filler content on the friction and wear rate has been investigated. In this study, a plan of experiments based on the techniques of Taguchi was performed to acquire data in a controlled way. An orthogonal array L27 (313) and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to investigate the influence of process parameters on the coefficient of friction and sliding wear behaviour of these composites. The Taguchi design of experiment approach eliminates the need for repeated experiments and thus saves time, material and cost. The results showed that with increase in the applied normal load and sliding speed the coefficient of friction and specific wear rate decreases under dry sliding conditions. It is also found that a thin film formed on the counterface seems to be effective in improving the tribological characteristics. The results showed that the inclusion of cenosphere as filler materials in vinylester composites will increase the wear resistance of the composite significantly.

The role of surface topography and normal load in the initiation of ratchetting-peak friction, seizure, scuffing, and elastic shakedown

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Vimal Edachery ◽  
V. Swamybabu ◽  
Gurupatham Anand ◽  
Paramasamy Manikandan ◽  
Satish V. Kailas
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Critical Parameter ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Sliding Direction ◽  
Elastic Shakedown ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

Abstract Surface topography is a critical parameter that can influence friction and wear in engineering applications. In this work, the influence of surface topography directionality on seizure and scuffing initiation during tribological interactions is explored. For this, unidirectional sliding wear experiments were carried out in immersed lubrication conditions for various normal loads. The tribological interactions were studied using EN31-60 HRC flats and SAE52100-60HRC pins in a sphere on flat configuration. The results show that, in some cases, the sliding interactions in the initial cycles lead to a high friction coefficient of up to ∼0.68 in lubricated conditions, which was termed as ‘peak friction’, and this was accompanied by scuffing. The existence of peak friction was found to be dependent on surface topography directionality, especially when the directionality in topography was parallel to the sliding direction. Continuous ratchetting was found to be the cause of peak friction which was accompanied by seizure and scuffing. When the topography directionality was perpendicular or independent of sliding direction, elastic shakedown occurred at earlier cycles and prevented peak friction initiation, scuffing and also facilitated for higher steady-state friction values.

scholarly journals Role of Silicon Dioxide Filler on Mechanical and Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Glass-Epoxy Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveed Anjum ◽  
S. L. Ajit Prasad ◽  
B. Suresha
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Sliding Wear Behaviour

The mechanical properties and dry sliding wear behaviour of glass fabric reinforced epoxy (G-E) composite with varying weight percentage of silicon dioxide (SiO2) filler have been studied in the present work. The influence of sliding distance, velocity, and applied normal load on dry sliding wear behaviour has been considered using Taguchi's L9orthogonal array. Addition of SiO2increased the density, hardness, flexural, and impact strengths of G-E composite. Results of dry sliding wear tests showed increasing wear volume with increase in sliding distance, load, and sliding velocity for G-E and SiO2filled G-E composites. Taguchi's results indicate that the sliding distance played a significant role followed by applied load, sliding velocity, and SiO2loading. Scanning electron micrographs of the worn surfaces of composite samples at different test parameters show smooth surface, microploughing, and fine grooves under low load and velocity. However, severe damage of matrix with debonding and fiber breakage was seen at high load and velocity especially in unfilled G-E composite.

scholarly journals The Influence of Disc Surface Topography after Vapor Blasting on Wear of Sliding Pairs under Dry Sliding Conditions

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzierwa ◽  
Pawlus ◽  
Zelasko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
White Light ◽  
Dry Friction ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Disc Surface ◽  
Steel Disc ◽  
42Crmo4 Steel ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Ball On Disc

Wear tests were performed using a ball-on-disc tribological tester. In this study, 42CrMo4 steel disc of hardness 40 HRC co-acted with 100Cr6 steel ball with hardness of 60 HRC. Disc surfaces were created using vapor blasting to obtain values of the Sq parameter close to 5 µm. However, other disc surface topography parameters varied. Dry friction tests were carried out. Wear levels of discs and balls were measured using a white light interferometer Talysurf CCI Lite. It was found that the surface topography had a significant impact on tribological properties under dry sliding conditions. The research also allowed to identify significant dependencies between surface topography parameters and wear.

The effect of ceramic tribo-elements on friction and wear of smooth steel surfaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-465
Author(s):  
Andrzej Dzierwa ◽  
Pawel Pawlus ◽  
Rafal Reizer
Keyword(s):  
White Light ◽  
Wear Debris ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Optical Profilometer ◽  
42Crmo4 Steel ◽  
Steel Surfaces

The pin-on-disc dry sliding friction and wear experiments have been made on 42CrMo4 steel in contact with Si3N4, SiC, WC, Al2O3, and ZrO2 ceramic balls. The tests were carried out at sliding speeds of 0.16 m/s, 0.24 m/s, and 0.32 m/s. During the tests, the friction force was monitored as a function of time. Discs and balls wear was measured after the tests using a white light interferometer Talysurf CCI Lite and Altisurf 520 optical profilometer with a CL1 confocal probe. To decrease variations in the experimental results, during the tests, wear debris was continuously removed from the disc surfaces. It was found out that with Al2O3 counterpart the wear volume of the steel discs was the largest. However, the largest wear volume of the balls was observed for Si3N4 ceramic balls.

scholarly journals Influence of Surface Finishing and Binder Phase on Friction and Wear of WC Based Hardmetals

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 2403-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koenraad Bonny ◽  
Patrick de Baets ◽  
Omer Van der Biest ◽  
Jef Vleugels ◽  
Bert Lauwers
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Binder Phase ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
The One ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Nickel Binder

At present, cobalt is the most commonly used binder material in tungsten carbide based hardmetals. Current research on sliding wear performance of these cemented carbides, however, reveals promising results for nickel binder as well. Test samples of WC-Co and WC-Ni hardmetals have been machined and surface finished by wire-EDM and grinding. From comparative dry sliding pin-on-plate experiments on wire-EDM’ed, ground and polished grades, correlations are derived between wear volume loss and friction on the one hand and contact pressure, sliding distance, binder phase and microstructure on the other hand. The lowest wear levels are encountered with polished cemented carbides. The EDM induced surface modification turns out to deteriorate wear resistance, especially during the running-in stage of sliding. These findings are in agreement with Xray diffraction measurements of the residual stress level in the WC phase.

Application of Degradation-Entropy Generation Theorem to Dry Sliding Friction and Wear

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Bryant ◽  
Michael M. Khonsari
Keyword(s):  
Entropy Generation ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Generation Theorem ◽  
Dry Sliding Friction ◽  
Wear Law

The Entropy Generation Theorem recently formulated by Bryant, Khonsari and Ling [1] relates any form of degradation to the irreversible dissipative processes germane to the degradation mechanism. The theorem was formulated and proved [1] based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics In this article, dry sliding wear will be related to dry sliding friction through application of the theorem. The result reproduces the Holm-Archard wear law, but with a wear coefficient based on measurement of temperatures and wear volume lost.

Tribological Characterization of AZ91 and AE42 Magnesium Alloys in Fretting Contact

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Khabale ◽  
M. F. Wani
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Average Coefficient ◽  
Tribological Characterization

Fretting wear studies were conducted on AZ91 and AE42 magnesium alloys against steel ball. Average coefficient of friction (COF) remains steady with the increase in running time. However, average coefficient of friction decreases with the increase in normal load and frequency and marginally increases with the increase in amplitude. A constant average coefficient of friction of 0.06 was observed for both AZ91 and AE42 under dry sliding conditions at normal load of 50 N. Wear volume increases linearly with increasing running time. Wear volume first decreases sharply, attains minima, and then increases marginally with the increase in normal load. However, wear volume increases with increasing amplitude and frequency. Higher specific wear rate of 10.5 × 10−6 mm3 N−1·m−1 was observed for AE42, as compared to 4.5 × 10−6 mm3 N−1·m−1 for AZ91. The wear in magnesium alloy was caused by a combination of adhesion, abrasion, oxidation, delamination, and plastic deformation under different fretting conditions.

scholarly journals Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Titanium (Grade 5) Alloy by Using Response Surface Methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Chauhan ◽  
Kali Dass
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Titanium Grade ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Sliding Wear Behaviour

The dry sliding wear behaviour of titanium (Grade 5) alloy has been investigated in order to highlight the mechanisms responsible for the poor wear resistance under different applied normal load, sliding speed, and sliding distance conditions. Design of experimental technique, that is, response surface methodology (RSM), has been used to accomplish the objective of the experimental study. The experimental plan for three factors at three levels using face-centre central composite design (CCD) has been employed. The results indicated that the specific wear rate increases with an increase in the applied normal load and sliding speed. However, it decreases with an increase in the sliding distance and a decrease in the sliding speed. The worn surfaces of the titanium alloy specimens were analyzed with the help of scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The predicted result also shows the close agreement with the experimental results and hence the developed models could be used for prediction of wear behaviour satisfactorily.

Tribological Characterization of Hypereutectic Al–25Si Alloy Under Dry and Lubricated Sliding Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
M. F. Wani
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Solidification Process ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Lubricated Sliding

Friction and wear properties of hypereutectic Al–25Si alloy were studied under dry and lubricated sliding conditions. Hypereutectic Al–25Si alloys were prepared by rapid solidification process (RSP) under the T6 condition. Experimental studies were conducted using a ball on disk type tribometer. The effect of the sliding distance and normal load on the friction and wear were investigated. The coefficient of friction (COF) remained stable with an increase in the sliding distance (250–1500 m) and decreased with an increase in the normal load (10–50 N), whereas the wear rate decreased with an increase in the sliding distance, and increased with the increase in the normal load up to 40 N and then attained a steady-state value under dry and lubricated sliding conditions. The improvements in COF and wear rate were mainly attributed to the morphology, size, and distribution of hypereutectic Si particles due to its fabrication process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), optical microscopy, and three-dimensional (3D)-surface profilometer were used for characterization of the wear tracks. The dominant wear mechanisms for a hypereutectic Al–25Si alloy were adhesive wear, abrasive wear, and plastic deformation.

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