CONSCIOUSNESS ANALYSIS OF EVACUATION FROM COMPOUND DISASTER

In the last two decades, three great earthquakes have occurred in Japan: the Hanshin-Awaji earthquake of 1995, the Mid-Niigata earthquake of 2004, and the East Japan Earthquake of 2011. After the East Japan earthquake, a devastating tsunami caused significant casualties and home destruction. More than 18,500 people were killed and more than 121,000 homes were destroyed. In addition, the tsunami destroyed nuclear power stations, which resulted in a severe crisis not previously experienced in Japan.On the other hand, earthquake disasters on a huge scale have been announced to occur as probability of about 70% in the next three decades. One such earthquake is Tokyo inland earthquake that destroys 610,000 homes and kills 23,000 people, and the other is the Nankai Trough earthquake that destroys 2,380,000 homes and kills 320,000 people. In addition, compound disasters where one disaster merges with another disaster may cause damage on a mega scale in this century.In order to address these mega disasters, it is very important to make efforts to reduce damage in the pre-disaster period. According to local plans for national resilience, each municipality must make efforts to reduce level of damage which is able to response trough a Business Continuity Plan (BCP). In addition, each municipality must implement long-term urban projects with a vision toward reconstruction after a mega disaster trough a pre-disaster recovery and reconstruction plan. It is necessary to make revolutionary efforts rather than standard disaster management efforts to reduce damages in the pre-disaster period.

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Academic Responses to Fukushima Disaster

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1010539516685400 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (2_suppl) ◽

pp. 99S-109S ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kiyotaka Yasui ◽

Yuko Kimura ◽

Kenji Kamiya ◽

Rie Miyatani ◽

Naohiro Tsuyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Social Issues ◽

Medical Curriculum ◽

Disaster Medicine ◽

Social Consequences ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Public Risk ◽

Compound Disaster ◽

Aid Decision ◽

Medical University

Since radiation accidents, particularly nuclear disasters, are rarer than other types of disasters, a comprehensive radiation disaster medical curriculum for them is currently unavailable. The Fukushima compound disaster has urged the establishment of a new medical curriculum in preparation for any future complex disaster. The medical education will aim to aid decision making on various health risks for workers, vulnerable people, and residents addressing each phase in the disaster. Herein, we introduce 3 novel educational programs that have been initiated to provide students, professionals, and leaders with the knowledge of and skills to elude the social consequences of complex nuclear disasters. The first program concentrates on radiation disaster medicine for medical students at the Fukushima Medical University, together with a science, technology, and society module comprising various topics, such as public risk communication, psychosocial consequences of radiation anxiety, and decision making for radiation disaster. The second program is a Phoenix Leader PhD degree at the Hiroshima University, which aims to develop future leaders who can address the associated scientific, environmental, and social issues. The third program is a Joint Graduate School of Master’s degree in the Division of Disaster and Radiation Medical Sciences at the Nagasaki University and Fukushima Medical University.

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Emergency Response, Influence and Lessons in the 2021 Compound Disaster in Henan Province of China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19010488 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 488

Author(s):

Zhengru Tao ◽

Lu Han

Keyword(s):

Emergency Response ◽

Henan Province ◽

Central China ◽

High Tech ◽

Logistics Industry ◽

Emerging Industries ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

Long Time ◽

The Face ◽

Compound Disaster

Henan province, located in central China, suffered a heavy rainstorm and an outbreak of COVID-19 from the middle of July to the middle of August. We review and investigate the emergency response to these two events. The influence of the compound disaster on provincial economic operations, fixed assets, consumer goods, the logistics industry, high-tech manufacturing, and strategic emerging industries is analyzed in detail. Since the province’s economic situation has been positive for a long time, the influence of the compound disaster was short-term. The countermeasures to the pandemic were efficient since they had previously been in practice at various times in 2020. However, in the face of unusual disasters such as the rainstorm, the gap between early warning and emergency response needs to be bridged, and the sources of relief funds should be diversified.

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Compound disaster scenarios for risk management assessment in CAREC countries

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15476 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Iain Willis ◽

Amanda Cheong ◽

Christopher Au ◽

Anirudh Rao ◽

Ian Millinship

Keyword(s):

Extreme Events ◽

Collaborative Study ◽

Balance Sheet ◽

Development Economic ◽

Geophysical Research ◽

High Exposure ◽

Autonomous Region ◽

Low Probability ◽

Compound Disaster ◽

The Impact

A compound disaster defines a situation with adverse consequences resulting from different, but related, disaster&#8208;agents (ICLA 1996). These low probability extreme events can correspond to events with multiple concurrent or consecutive drivers, resulting in major financial or physical loss (Sadegh et al., 2018). In this study, disaster scenarios involving natural hazards and pandemics were developed to assess the risk and implications of a compound event to member countries of the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) area.A partnership of 11 countries (Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, China (Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region), Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) across Asia, the CAREC countries work together to promote sustainable development, economic growth and reduce poverty. High exposure to flooding and earthquake coupled with low insurance penetration means natural catastrophes are significantly material to the public sector balance sheet. This collaborative study involving multiple hazard modelling agencies assesses the potential impact of natural perils concurrent to pandemic/epidemic outbreaks.The compound events developed represent Realistic Disaster Scenarios (RDS) for the specific areas they represent and are based on plausible low-probability, high-consequence events such as the 2015 floods in Tbilisi and the 1905 Bolnai earthquake in Mongolia. The impact of the natural events is then further compounded by modelled infectious disease outbreaks for each given scenario.High resolution fluvial and pluvial flood hazard scenario footprints (30m x 30m), earthquake hazard intensity maps and gridded population data (Worldpop) are modelled alongside outbreaks including respiratory (including flu), Nipah and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, to assess the compounded impact. The humanitarian and financial loss potential of these events are then presented in the context of alternative disaster risk financing measures and adaptation strategies aimed at increased resilience.&#160;ICLA (1996), International Conference on Local Authorities Confronting Disasters and Emergencies, Background Documents, Amsterdam.Sadegh, M., Moftakhari, H., Gupta, H. V., Ragno, E., Mazdiyasni, O., Sanders, B., ... & AghaKouchak, A. (2018). Multihazard scenarios for analysis of compound extreme events. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(11), 5470-5480.

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