7 “A remarkable accomplishment for one of the gentle sex”

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-136
Author(s):  
Candace Bailey

The emphasis on Sarah Smith’s reputation as an educator and the foundational role she had in establishing music programs at both the Columbia Female Institute and the Athenaeum brings to the fore opportunities for southern women to craft their own careers. Those who deliberately put themselves before a public in the antebellum period risked much damage to their social standing. Most carefully guarded their gentility by retaining as much obscurity as possible, but others notably stood out for their place in the public gaze....

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-164
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Kearney ◽  
Thomas W. Merrill

This chapter assesses the implications of natural accretion, unauthorized landfilling, and a legally sanctioned public works project on the neighborhood known today as Streeterville. It illustrates the three periods following the struggle for control of the land of Streeterville: the first was relatively decorous, consisting largely of litigation over rights to land formed by natural accretion, the second was intense and largely extralegal, and the third period was when the wealthy landowners who claimed the land by riparian rights consolidated their control over the area, abetted by construction undertaken by institutions of impeccable social standing, such as Northwestern University. The chapter investigates why it took so long for the struggle over Streeterville to be resolved, arguing resolution came only when the claimants with the most resources started to build substantial structures on the land. It also examines why the filled land in this area of the lakefront is overwhelmingly held in private hands, whereas the land south of the Chicago River, in what is now Grant Park, is public. Ultimately, the chapter reviews how the public trust doctrine was invoked in challenging the artificial filling of submerged land in Streeterville, and analyzes the Illinois Supreme Court decision following the case.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (263) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
David Karlander

AbstractIn this essay, David Karlander examines what happens when concepts developed by scholars of language circulate and become embedded in policies and law. In exploring how the distinction between a “language” and a “dialect” became encoded in the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (ECRML), Karlander examines the consequences when applied to the status and state support of minority languages in Sweden. What counts as a language, he demonstrates, is not simply an “academic” matter. When sociolinguistics enters the public arena, it has the potential to affect the political and social standing of real communities.


Author(s):  
Guillermo López Juan

   Resum: L’insult, en l’Edat Mitjana, és més que un mitjà per a ofendre un individu. L’omnipresent cultura de l’honor, que impregna la societat i determina el comportament d’homes i dones, el converteix en oprobi, en l’avergonyiment públic de la persona injuriada. Les respostes a aquest tipus de situacions eren diverses, en funció del gènere i la posició social de l’individu i, també, del seu criteri personal, però el ventall d’opcions era ampli: replicar amb altre insult; la violència; apel·lar als testimonis de la injúria; i, finalment, recórrer als tribunals de justícia. A la València al tombant del Tres-Cents, sembla que aquest últim recurs era força freqüent, especialment entre les classes populars; i, per aquesta raó, conservem nombrosos clams i demandes que ens han permès observar com es produïa i desenvolupava la violència verbal a la ciutat. En el present article, analitzarem l’insult masculí a finals del llarg segle XIV, parant esment en els termes fets servir més freqüentment; els espais als quals es produïen la major part dels episodis; i, finalment, en la centralitat de la violència física com a resultat, resposta o acompanyant de l’ofensa verbal.  Paraules clau: insults, honor, injúria, violència  Abstract: Insults were, during the Middle Ages, more than a way to offend an individual. The ubiquituous culture of honour, which impregnated society and determined men’s and women’s behaviour, turned them into vituperation, into the public shaming of the insulted person. The responses to these situations were diverse, and depended on the gender, social standing and, ultimately, personal criteria of the slandered individual, but the range of options was broad: retorting with another insult; responding with violence; appealing to the witnesses of the insult; and, finally, denouncing the insulter at the courts of justice. In Valencia, by the end of the 14th century, it seemed that this last resort was particularly frequent, especially among the populace; for this reason, there have been preserved numerous court claims and prosecution records that allow us to observe how verbal violence occurred in the city. In this article, we will analyze insults against men at the end of the 14th century, focusing specially on the slanders more commonly used; the spaces in which verbal disputes took place; and, finally, on the centrality of physical violence as a result, response or companion to verbal offense.  Keywords: insults, honour, slander, violence 


Author(s):  
Tatjana Vulić

During nearly half a century-long history, Radio and Television of Serbia, nowadays known as Serbia Public Broadcasting Service, met not only with diversity, but also with quality standards in terms of program requirements. Music programs of the Public Broadcasting Service is one of the possible indicators that show that high standards can be reached even in the time of “abundance” of the trash music that overwhelms the comercial television programs. The aim of this paper is to examine the quality and variety of the music programs of Belgrade Television (all three programs –1, 2 and RTS Digital), as well as the presence of various musical genres in these programs. The analysis was conducted on the basis of the RTS Centre for Research of Public Opinion, Programs and Auditorium, based on the 24-hour regular monitoring. The database was provided to us for the purpose of analysis in this paper. The aim of our research analys is the program type and the musical genre.[1]Belgrade Television is a constituent part of RTS, that is, Serbia Public Broadcasting Service. Belgrade television comprises of RTS 1, RTS 2 , RTS Digital, as well as of RTS SAT and specialized channel “RTS channel package” which are out of scope for this paper. 


Author(s):  
David Manuel Hernández

The chapter stretches across two centuries, from the antebellum period to the dawn of the twenty-first century, to reveal the blueprint of immigration control that marked, regulated, controlled, and expelled migrant peoples from the nation. This immigration control regime racially targeted Asian and Latina/o noncitizens as “racial bookends” to the twentieth century that allowed the state to associate in the public mind migration with criminality while issuing a strict legal definition that catalogued the migration of these two racial peoples as “criminal aliens,” invoking “’perpetual foreignness.” In this long survey of immigration control, the chapter considers how particular moments of economic crisis and depression, public health fears, foreign wars, and national security anxieties fed racial fears over new migrant groups that were subsequently labeled as “enemy aliens” and criminalized within an immigration control regime that resorted to carceral practices. What made this detention regime distinct from criminal law was the practice of plenary power and administrative punishment where the state enacted criminal prosecutorial power over immigration but denied due process to noncitizens.


Author(s):  
Ming-Jen Chuang ◽  
Sheau-Yuh Lin

Music education in Taiwan is implemented in three ways: through professional music education offered at schools, general music education offered at schools, and music education offered to the public. This chapter excludes assessment issues concerning music education offered to the public and rather, addresses (1) the assessments in joint admissions of the professional music education and (2) the assessment in general music education offered at schools. To be more specific, topics cover the following perspectives: artistic talent music programs, admissions to the artistic talent music programs in elementary and junior high schools, joint admissions to the artistic talent music program in senior high schools, college joint admissions (first year), music assessment related regulations for compulsory education, and literature related to music assessment in general music instruction, followed by discussion and implications. In order to bridge the gap between assessment practices and assessment research, more efforts need to be taken in building assessment knowledge bases, in formulating cross-discipline cooperation, and in addressing the contextual integration of curriculum, instruction, and assessment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-160
Author(s):  
Joanna Dutka

This article seeks to examine basic patterns of violence against women, myths surrounding those mechanisms as well as situations, in which women are perpetrators of the violence. The purpose to draw attention to the fact, that violence affects women’s lives in social, economical and political areas, regardless if said violence happens in the public sphere or private sphere as well as how omission and lack of acknowledgement and deformation of female experience with violence affects women’s social standing.


Author(s):  
Maya Davis

Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, also known as Frederick Douglass, is arguably one of the most studied figures in the nineteenth century. His life in the public arena is well documented through public and private collections. This article examines how Frederick Bailey is documented in both public and private collections of records from the antebellum period. It also focuses on the preservation of the private family papers of Captain Aaron Anthony and the donation of the collection to the Maryland State Archives in the early 1960s. As with the personal papers of many slaveholding individuals, much of Douglass’s life in enslavement was recorded through the eyes of his master, Anthony. As 2018 marked the bicentennial of his birth, the state of Maryland celebrated his life and legacy. Archivists at the Maryland State Archives, the state’s official depository, worked to preserve and make accessible historical records of Douglass’s early life as documented in the public record. The Archives house government records of permanent value as well as private papers that document Douglass’s life as an enslaved individual.


2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Białek

AbstractIf we want psychological science to have a meaningful real-world impact, it has to be trusted by the public. Scientific progress is noisy; accordingly, replications sometimes fail even for true findings. We need to communicate the acceptability of uncertainty to the public and our peers, to prevent psychology from being perceived as having nothing to say about reality.


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