scholarly journals Sequential Elution of Essential Oil Constituents during Steam Distillation of Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and Influence on Oil Yield and Antimicrobial Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 871-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Jeliazkova ◽  
Valtcho D. Zheljazkov ◽  
Miroslava Kačániova ◽  
Tess Astatkie ◽  
Babu L. Tekwani
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Oil Yield

scholarly journals Essential Oil from Lemon (Citrus aurantifolia) Grown in Ben Tre Province, Vietnam: Condition Extraction, Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 965-969
Author(s):  
Ngo Thi To Quyen ◽  
Nguyen Thi Ngoc Quyen ◽  
Huynh Thi Kieu Linh ◽  
Thuy Trang Le Ngoc ◽  
Hoang Le Tuan Anh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Distillation Method ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

In present study, a steam distillation method has been adopted for extraction of the essential oil from Vietnamese lemon (Citrus aurantifolia) peel harvested from Tien Giang Province, Vietnam. Various extraction conditions influencing the oil yield were investigated. The resulting essential oil was evaluated for physico-chemical characteristics and antibacterial activities. The chemic al composition of oil was investigated by GC-MS. The results showed that with grinded lemon peel, a ratio of water and lemon peels of 3:1 (mL/g), extraction time of 90 min at 120 ºC, the highest essential oil yield was attained at 2.1 %. Bioactive components found at high content included limonene (64.90 %), γ-terpinene (13.70 %), β-pinene (11.89 %), α-pinene (2.11 %), β-cymene (1.80 %) and sabinen (1.52 %). The lemon essential oil in this study was found to inhibit five bacteria strains including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition and Yield of Anise from Different Distillation Times

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1393-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valtcho D. Zheljazkov ◽  
Tess Astatkie ◽  
Barry O'Brocki ◽  
Ekaterina Jeliazkova
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) is a spice, an essential oil crop, and a medicinal plant with a long history of use. Anise seed oil is extracted from anise seed through steam distillation. There is no experimentally established optimal time for distillation of anise seed. We hypothesized that the distillation time (DT) can be customized for optimum yield and composition of anise essential oil. In this study, we determined the effect of nine steam DTs (5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 360, and 480 minutes) on essential oil yield and essential oil composition of anise seed. We developed regression models to predict essential oil yield, the concentration of individual constituents, and the yield of these constituents as a function of DT. Highest essential oil yield (2.0 g/100 g seed, 2%) was obtained at 360-minute DT. The concentration of transanethole, the major anise oil constituent, varied from 93.5% to 96.2% (as a percent of the total oil) and generally was high at 15- to 60-minute DT and low at 240- to 480-minute DT. However, the yield of transanethole (calculated from the essential oil yield and the concentration of transanethole in the oil) increased with increasing DT to reach maximum at 360-minute DT. The concentration of the other oil constituents varied significantly depending on the DT, and some of them were higher at the shorter DT than at the longer DT. However, the yields of these constituents were highest at longer DT (either 360 or 480 minutes). DT can be used to obtain anise essential oil with different composition that would benefit the essential oil industry. This study demonstrated the need for providing DT in reports where anise seed essential oil yield and composition are discussed. This article can also be used as a reference point for comparing studies in which different DTs were used to extract essential oil from anise seed.

On the Essential Oil Components from Humulus lupulus L. var. neomexicanus Nels. & Cockerell. I. Contribution

1982 ◽  
Vol 37 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 565-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Knobloch ◽  
Hubert Paulini ◽  
Claudia Eley ◽  
James H. Eley ◽  
Erich Ziegler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Humulus Lupulus ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Seasonal Dependence

Abstract The essential oil of strobiles from Humulus lupulus L. var. neomexicanus Nels. & Cockerell, grown in the semi-arid climate of Central Colorado, was isolated by steam distillation. A characteristic seasonal dependence of oil production was observed over two vegetation periods. - The main components of the essential oil were identified structurally by means of GC and GC-MS analysis. About 40 different compounds, including monoterpenoic hydrocarbons and alcohols, ketones, methylesters of saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids were detected. Other sub­ stances were esters of short chain acids with monoterpene alcohols, plus sesquiterpene hydro­carbons.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF OREGANO (Lippia palmeri S. WATS) ESSENTIAL OIL

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. Magdalena Ortega-Nieblas ◽  
Ma. Refugio Robles-Burgueño ◽  
Evelia Acedo-Félix ◽  
Alberto González-León ◽  
Adriana Morales-Trejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Oil Characterization ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Lippia palmeri S. Wats essential oil extracted from plants collected of two localities (Álamos and Puerto del Orégano) in the State of Sonora, México, was examined. Essential oils (EO) were obtained from oregano leaves by steam distillation, analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer, and their antimicrobial activity against human pathogens investigated by disc diffusion. Álamos and Puerto del Orégano essential oils (AEO and POEO) presented 50 and 60 constituents, respectively. The components were classified as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and phenolics. AEO most abundant components (> 2%) included p-cymene, thymol, isoaromandrene, carvacrol, γ-terpinene, p-thymol, longipinene-epoxide and eudesmol; while for POEO were carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene, caryophyllene, thymol acetate, α-bisabolene, γ-terpinene, myrcene and α-caryophyllene. These results implicate that chemotypes involved were a p-cymene/thymol in AEO and carvacrol in POEO. In general, EO antimicrobial activity against four Gram-positive and six Gram-negative bacteria varied according to the plant origin. However, both POEO and AEO showed the strongest activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus. This is the first report of L. palmeri essential oil characterization, and our results support the notion that these oils could be useful in food flavoring and preservation.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Yield and Composition of Garden Sage as a Function of Different Steam Distillation Times

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valtcho D. Zheljazkov ◽  
Tess Astatkie ◽  
Santosh Shiwakoti ◽  
Shital Poudyal ◽  
Thomas Horgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Monoterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

Garden sage (Salvia officinalis L.) is a medicinal, culinary, ornamental, and essential oil plant with a wide range of ecological adaptation. Garden sage essential oil traditionally is extracted by steam distillation from the above-ground biomass and has widespread applications as an aromatic agent in the food and pharmaceutical industries as well as in perfumery and cosmetics. The hypothesis of this study was that the steam distillation time (DT) may significantly affect essential oil yield and composition of garden sage and, therefore, DT could be used as a tool to obtain oil with different composition. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the effect of various steam DTs (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 minutes) on garden sage oil yield and composition. Most of the oil in the garden sage dry herbage was extracted in 10-minute DT; extending DT up to 160 minutes did not significantly increase oil yields. Overall, 39 oil constituents were identified in the garden sage essential oil. Fourteen oil constituents with the highest concentration in the oil were selected for statistical analyses. Monoterpenes represented the major percentage (58.2% to 84.1%) of oil composition followed by sesquiterpenes (4.0% to 16.1%) and diterpenes (0.3% to 7.6%). Overall, the monoterpene hydrocarbons (α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, myrcene, and limonene) were eluted early in the steam distillation process, which resulted in their high concentration in the oil at 5- to 10-minute DT and relatively low concentrations in the oil obtained at 160-minute DT. In general, the concentration of sesquiterpenes (β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and verdifloral) increased with increasing duration of the DT and reached their respective maximum concentrations in the oil at 160-minute DT. The relative concentrations of major constituents, camphor and cis-thujone, in the oil obtained at 2.5-minute DT were higher than in the oils obtained at longer DT. Therefore, if oil with high concentrations of camphor and cis-thujone is desirable, garden sage dried biomass ought to be steam distilled for 2.5 to 5 minutes and the oil collected. If oil with a high concentration of monoterpene hydrocarbons and a high concentration of oxygenated monoterpenes is desirable, then garden sage should be distilled for 20 minutes. If oil with a high concentration of the diterpene manool is desirable, then garden sage should be steam-distilled for 80 minutes. If oil with a high concentration of sesquiterpenes is desirable, then garden sage should be steam-distilled for 160 minutes. The duration of steam distillation can be used as an economical method to obtain garden sage oil with a different chemical composition. The regression models developed in this study can be used to predict garden sage oil yield and composition distilled for various amounts of time and to compare literature reports in which different durations of DT were used.

Steam distillation extraction kinetics regression models to predict essential oil yield, composition, and bioactivity of chamomile oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Gawde ◽  
Charles L. Cantrell ◽  
Valtcho D. Zheljazkov ◽  
Tess Astatkie ◽  
Vicki Schlegel
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Extraction Kinetics ◽  
Steam Distillation Extraction ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

scholarly journals Effect of shading and nitrogen fertilization on nitrogen metabolism, essential oil content and antimicrobial activity of Achillea millefolium

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e46412
Author(s):  
Milene Conceição Lima ◽  
Cristiane Jovelina Da-Silva ◽  
Marcio Paim Mariot ◽  
Rogério Antônio Freitag ◽  
Rosana Serpa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Achillea Millefolium ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

The Achillea millefolium L. is a perennial herb with important antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, and antioxidant properties. This research aimed to investigate the effect of shading (75%; black net) and nitrogen fertilization (0, 75 and 150 kg urea ha-1) on the nitrogen metabolism, essential oil yield and antimicrobial activity of A. millefolium at vegetative- and reproductive-stage. The evaluated parameters varied depending on the organ and the phenological stage of the plant considered. Overall, our findings indicated that shading decreased nitrogen assimilation. Decreased activities of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase were observed on shaded plants during reproductive and vegetative stages, respectively. Nitrate and total amino acid levels increased in shaded plants at the vegetative stage. Regarding nitrogen supply, the improved nitrogen metabolism and essential oil yield values were accompanied by intermediate concentrations of urea (75 kg ha-1). Plants fertilized with 75 kg urea ha-1 produced the highest amino acids concentration (vegetative stage), ammonium concentration (vegetative stage) and essential oil yield (reproductive stage). Shading or nitrogen supply did not influence the microbial activity of A. millefolium essential oil. However, the essential oil of leaves and flowers were highly effective against fungi and bacteria, especially gram-positive bacteria. In conclusion, the current study showed that full light and 75 kg urea ha-1 enhanced the nitrogen metabolism of A. millefolium in both vegetative and reproductive stages.

Cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity and composition of essential oil from Tanacetum balsamita L.subsp. balsamita

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
SN Ebrahimi ◽  
M Yousefzadi ◽  
A Sonboli ◽  
F Miraghasi ◽  
S Ghiasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil
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