scholarly journals Science in Service of our Communities

Oceanography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Behl ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
West African ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Property Taxes ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Coastal Livelihoods

In the Golden Isles of Georgia, the Gullah art of braiding sweetgrass into baskets can be traced back over 400 years to its West African roots. This skill is passed on from generation to generation, preserving the oral history, sovereignty, and culture of the Gullah people. Local and indigenous coastal communities, like the Gullah-Geechee, have a deep connection with their natural environment as they depend on forests, fisheries, and wildlife resources for their livelihood and culture. These frontline communities are also facing a complex web of challenges that include rising sea levels, coastal erosion, saltwater intrusion, encroaching development and increasing property taxes, and loss of fisheries and other coastal livelihoods. As communities develop strategies to address these complex challenges, they need access to place-based research and education that is unique to their people, culture, and ecology.

Relocation as an Adaptation to Sea-Level Rise: Valuable Lessons from the Narikoso Village Relocation Project in Fiji

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Bertana
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Village

Relocation as an adaptation strategy to coastal degradation remains on the fringes of climate change discourse. Yet, as sea levels are projected to rise, relocating is an inevitable response for vulnerable coastal communities worldwide. In fact, some Fijian villages are facing such severe coastal erosion that they have already begun the process of shifting to higher ground, and many more villages throughout the islands have been slated for relocation. This case study is based on the planned relocation efforts of Narikoso village on Ono Island in Kadavu, Fiji. In Narikoso, regional NGOs, INGOs, and local and national government are working with the community to relocate the village inland. The process of moving the community began in 2012 when Prime Minister Bainimarama sent the Fiji military to Ono Island to clear land for the new village. It came to an abrupt stop due to a lack of funding and ecological degradation caused by the preparation for the new village site. Since the relocation process began, a myriad of issues have arisen ranging from concerns regarding community engagement, availability of financial resources, and resistance to moving inland.

scholarly journals Ageing in Place in Disaster Prone Rural Coastal Communities: A Case Study of Tai O Village in Hong Kong

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4618
Author(s):  
Crystal Kwan ◽  
Ho Chung Tam
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Critical Dimension ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Ageing In Place ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

Rural coastal communities face unique disaster risks that will impact interventions throughout the disaster risk reduction (DRR) cycle (mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery). At the same time, these communities are experiencing an ageing population. As climate change contributes to rising sea levels and an increase in the intensity and frequency of climate-related disasters, older populations living in rural coastal communities face heightened risks. This is a qualitative case study examining the ageing in place (AIP) experiences of older people living in a disaster-prone rural coastal community in Hong Kong—Tai O Village. Findings highlight that: (i) a critical dimension of AIP is their ability to sustain and continue their work, which played a multidimensional role, (ii) local community-based organizations play an instrumental role in providing social support in a disaster context, (iii) more support and resources for mitigation activities are needed, and (iv) while supports exist for AIP and in a disaster situation, the older residents may not utilize such supports. In addition to informing age-friendly DRR programmes and research, these findings inform AIP practices, policies, and research relevant to rural coastal communities.

scholarly journals Resilietn Coupling: The Systems Of Coastally Dependent Communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Saverio Knight Bortoluzzi ◽  
Arthur Wrigglesworth
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Brute Force ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Coastal Defence ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Us Army ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Face ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Brute Force Approach

As climate change becomes a more prevalent reality, rising sea levels are increasingly a threat to cities and communities in coastal regions. In light of this it is important to consider architecture’s role in the strategizing of defences and resilience. The major issue with traditionally implemented coastal defence programs, such as those considered by the US Army Corp of Engineers, is their brute force approach is repressively one dimensional, undermining the diverse, and complex realities of any community. Orienting itself in the diverse and complex communities of Atlantic Canada, this thesis operates in the face of these challenges and shortfalls. Instead a coupling of systems, activities and events in these coastal communities can make possible an architecture that accommodates, and makes visible, the realities of its changing environs at a multitude of scales, allowing the continued success of human settlement.

scholarly journals Tonga

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (212) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

Tonga is one of the world’s most exposed countries to climate change and natural disasters. It suffered the highest loss from natural disasters in the world (as a ratio to GDP) in 2018 and is among the top five over the last decade (Table 1). Climate change will make this worse. Cyclones will become more intense, with more damage from wind and sea surges. Rising sea levels will cause more flooding, coastal erosion and contaminate fresh water. Daily high temperatures will become more extreme, with more severe floods and drought.

Impact of the Duration of Coastal Flooding on Infrastructure

2020 ◽  
pp. 1087724X2091591
Author(s):  
David A. Pezza ◽  
John M. White
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Level ◽  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Flood Duration ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
The City

Coastal communities are experiencing a gradual increase in flooding. Studies focus on the extent and depth of how coastal flooding will change as sea levels rise and impacts on infrastructure needed for risk assessments. However, there is limited information on how the duration of coastal flooding will change; specifically, in a format needed to support risk assessments. Therefore, the objective of this article is to highlight the need for annual exceedance probability curves by examining potential impacts on infrastructure in the city of Norfolk, Virginia. The analysis translates tide data to simulate stationarity and combines it with increments of rising sea levels to represent future tide elevations. The authors use a Poisson probability distribution to calculate flood duration exceedance levels for a specified threshold level and estimate how durations and probabilities could change over time. The article concludes with an assessment of how increasing flood durations can impact infrastructure systems.

scholarly journals Economic Effects of Seawater Intrusion on Life of Coastal Communities in Sindh Region of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 446-454
Author(s):  
Shoaib Ahmed Jagirani ◽  
Subhash Guriro ◽  
Muhammad Kamil Lakho
Keyword(s):  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Coastal Belt ◽  
Sindh Province ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Recently rising sea levels and a decrease of Indus water into the delta have resulted in high seawater intrusion at the coastal shores of Sindh. Seawater intrusion has severely affected the livelihood sources of local people. Therefore, this study is conducted with an aim to measure the economic effects of seawater intrusion on the lives of the local population in the deltaic coasts of the Sindh region in Pakistan. This is a quantitative study conducted through a survey questionnaire in the coastal belt of Badin and Thatta districts of Sindh province, Pakistan. A total of 200 participants were recruited in the study through multistage sampling. Results show a significant impact of seawater intrusion on the economic conditions of coastal communities in the province of Sindh, Pakistan. Adverse effects of seawater intrusion can be seen in the shape of a decrease in cultivated land, low agricultural production, decreasing livestock production and fishing quantity.

scholarly journals Sandbagged: Exploring the Political Challenges of Coastal Infrastructure

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Fisk
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
The Political ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Resilient Infrastructure

The political, technical, social, and economic challenges related to climate change are well documented. As policy makers are increasingly experiencing the reality of rising sea levels, they are also confronting a fragmented and sometimes fractured intergovernmental system. State and local governments face a delicate balancing act, especially, when it comes to infrastructure and climate change. They must respond to citizens, avoid losing their autonomy, maintain fiscal stability and health, provide a high quality of life, and ensure public safety. The reality of anthropogenic climate change has compounded many of these difficulties, perhaps, most acutely in America’s coastal states and communities. Recognizing these challenges, this article examines the challenges facing coastal communities as they seek to adapt to and build more resilient infrastructure that can mitigate the impacts of rising sea levels.

Coastal Tourism and the Ocean Fringe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Professor John Swarbrooke
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Coastal Tourism ◽  
Tourism Impact ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
The Impact

This focus of this book is on the marine environment, but one cannot understand the impact of tourism on the marine environment without looking at the ocean fringe, the interface between the land and the ocean. In this chapter we will concentrate on how things that happen on land in relation to tourism impact on the marine environment. However, it is also important to note that this relationship is two-way and that tourism on land is affected by the ocean in terms of coastal erosion, for example, as well as being impacted by changes in the temperature of sea water and rising sea levels.

scholarly journals Resilietn Coupling: The Systems Of Coastally Dependent Communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Saverio Knight Bortoluzzi ◽  
Arthur Wrigglesworth
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Brute Force ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Coastal Defence ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Us Army ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Face ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Brute Force Approach

As climate change becomes a more prevalent reality, rising sea levels are increasingly a threat to cities and communities in coastal regions. In light of this it is important to consider architecture’s role in the strategizing of defences and resilience. The major issue with traditionally implemented coastal defence programs, such as those considered by the US Army Corp of Engineers, is their brute force approach is repressively one dimensional, undermining the diverse, and complex realities of any community. Orienting itself in the diverse and complex communities of Atlantic Canada, this thesis operates in the face of these challenges and shortfalls. Instead a coupling of systems, activities and events in these coastal communities can make possible an architecture that accommodates, and makes visible, the realities of its changing environs at a multitude of scales, allowing the continued success of human settlement.

scholarly journals Undercurrents

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Wake ◽  
Julia Peterson ◽  
C. J. Lewis ◽  
Vanessa Levesque ◽  
David Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Arts And Humanities ◽  
Interactive Theater ◽  
Innovative Tool ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Theater Workshop

Coastal communities, including those surrounding the Gulf of Maine, are facing considerable challenges in adapting to increased flood resulting from sea-level rise, and these challenges will remain well past 2050. Over the longer term (decades to centuries), many coastal communities will have to retreat inland away from the coast and toward something new. To date, there appears to be little consideration of how arts and humanities could be leveraged to encourage learning and experimentation to help communities adapt to our changing climate. In this article, we describe an interactive theater model that seeks to address the challenge of bridging scientific knowledge and community conversations on managed retreat and serve as an innovative tool to encourage more productive community conversations about adapting to rising sea levels. The interactive theater workshop consists of two components. The first is a set of short intertwining monologues by three characters (a municipal leader, a climate scientist, and a coastal property owner) who share their thoughts regarding the prospect of managed retreat. Each character provides a glimpse into the attitudes, values, motivations, and fears related to distinct and authentic perspectives on managed retreat. The monologues are followed by a professionally facilitated interactive session during which audience-participants are invited to probe characters’ perspectives and even redirect and replay scenes in new ways to seek more constructive outcomes. The workshop is designed for all session participants to examine their own strengths and weaknesses when engaging others on this subject, to be more prepared to accommodate a range of emotional connections to the subject matter, and to anticipate social dynamics at play. The workshop has now been piloted at four different events. Initial feedback from post-workshop voluntary surveys suggest that the workshop is useful for improving the capacity of resilience professionals to encourage more productive conversations about difficult climate adaptation actions.

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