Human Health Risk of Dietary Intake of Some Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Camels Slaughtered in the Districts of Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1199-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled A Osman
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
National Level ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Camel Meat

Abstract Organochlorine residues were detected in 54/200 of muscles and 55/200 of livers of camels slaughtered in different districts of Al-Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, by using GC/MS analysis. The ΣDDT residues (Σ-DDT = p,p'-DDT + p,p'-DDE + p,p'-DDD + p,p'-DDA) in muscles and livers were the most frequent. The levels and distribution of residues varied with location. Al-Qassim region population's average estimated daily intake (EDI) was between 0.0 and 12.74 μg/kg body weight/day, and the hazard index [EDI/acceptable daily intake (ADI)] was higher than unity for ΣDDT and lindane in some samples. The intakes were much higher than the ADIs in some districts of Al-Qassim region, and the exposure level of all tested residues was high enough to produce health risk, suggesting the need for regular monitoring programs for pesticide residues in camel meat at the national level to protect consumers' health.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Consuming Heavy Metals in Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) from Different Markets in Port Harcourt, Rivers State

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
The People ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Rivers State

Food safety is of great concern in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria because of its pollution levels. Shell fish is one of the major diets of the people of Rivers State and they affect a large market and customer target in the region. This study was aimed at assessing the human health risk from consuming oysters bought from different markets in Rivers State namely; Creek Road market Borokiri, Mile 3 Market and Choba Market while Oysters harvested from ARAC (Buguma) were used as control. Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Cobalt (Co) and Nickel (Ni) were analysed in all samples using the Atomic absorption spectrometer. Cobalt had the highest concentration in all the samples from the markets except Mile 3 market, it ranged from 0.011-0.014mg/kg, while Lead ranged from 0.007-0.012 mg/kg, Chromium ranged from 0.008-0.010 mg/kg, Nickel ranged from 0.008-0.021 mg/kg and Cadmium ranged from 0.001-0.007mg/kg .The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of these metals were calculated, Target Human Quotient (THQ) and Hazard Index (HI) derived. EDI values were within tolerable limit. THQ and HI calculated indicated likely risk from oyster consumption since the values obtained were above the threshold of one (1) for lead, Cobalt and Cadmium, long term consumption may lead to health risk.

scholarly journals Pesticide residues in selected vegetables from Gombe markets, Gombe State, Nigeria: assessing the health impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
A.U. Maigari ◽  
M.B. Sulaiman ◽  
M. Buhari ◽  
A.O. Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Risk Parameters ◽  
Order Four

The study determined the content of pesticide residues in vegetables (cabbage, lettuce, calyces, and tiger nut), obtained from markets in Gombe, Nigeria. Health risk parameters were also determined to evaluate the health risk associated with their consumption. A total of 72 samples (cabbage, lettuce, calyces and tiger nut) were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography with UV/VIS Detector (HPLC-UV/VIS). A total of 18 pesticide residues were detected: nine organochlorines (OCs), five organophosphates (OPs), and  four pyrethroids (PYs). The residual contents of nine OCs ranged from 0.00 to 0.098 μg/kg and found in 61.87%, 60.99%, 63.69%, and 63.89% of cabbage, lettuce, calyces and tiger nut samples respectively, five OPs with concentrations ranging from 0.00 to 0.043 μg/kg were found in 22.69%, 21.89%, 19.49% and 22.21% of cabbage, lettuce, calyces and tiger nut samples respectively. In similar order, four PYs with concentrations that ranged from 0.00 to 0.046 μg/kg were found in 15.44%, 17.04%, 16.82% and 13.89% of the vegetables. Themean estimated daily intake of pesticides in the studied samples was lower than that of acceptable daily intakes. The hazard index obtained was less than one, indicating no probable adverse health effect on both children and adult consumers. However, monitoring and continuous stringent regulation should be imposed with regard to the usage of pesticides in vegetables, and other food stuff for public health protection. Keywords: Hazard Index, Health risk, Nut, Pesticide residues, Vegetables

scholarly journals Trace Elements and Omega-3 Fatty Acids of Wild and Farmed Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) Consumed in Bulgaria: Human Health Risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10023
Author(s):  
Katya Peycheva ◽  
Veselina Panayotova ◽  
Rositsa Stancheva ◽  
Lubomir Makedonski ◽  
Albena Merdzhanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
The Black Sea

The unique, closed ecosystem of the Black Sea is of significant global importance. The levels and health risk of some trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) in wild and farmed mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from the Bulgarian part of the Black Sea were determined and using different approaches such as Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Hazard Index (HI), Target risk (TR), human health risk levels were assessed. The mean maximum concentrations of the elements Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in all mussel samples were below the maximum permissible limits (MPLs) except that which exceeded the limit of 2.00 mg/kg ww. Eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) were the major polyunsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acids profile studied mussels showed that the farmed mussels had higher PUFA/SFA ratios, DHA and EPA+DHA content and lower SFA, AI and TI values. The target risk (TR) values for Pb, Cr, Ni and As were calculated, evaluated and showed acceptable or negligible levels. Target hazard quotients (THQs) and hazard index (HI) from elemental intake were below 1 indicated no hazard from consumption. The benefit–risk ratio indicated that wild and cultured M. galloprovincialis are safe for human consumption.

scholarly journals HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATION AND HUMAN HEALTH RISK FROM SELECTED FISH IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chima Fausta Nnodum ◽  
Kafeelah Abosede Yusuf ◽  
Comfort Adetutu Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
World Health ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient

Abstract: Introduction : Heavy metals are known to cause deleterious effects on human health through food chain. Aims: The study is aimed at assessing heavy metal concentrations in the tissues of four highly consumed fish species and to evaluate the potential health risks associated with their consumption. Materials and Methods: The concentrations of Cu, Cd and Pb were analyzed in the tissues of Titus (Scomber Japonicus), Croaker (Pseudolithus Elongatus), Scumbia (Ilisha Africana) and Shrimps (Pipeus Notialis) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) after digestion of the samples. Results: The results showed that Cd was not detected in the tissues of all fish species. There were variations among Cu and Pb concentrations in the tissues of the fish species. Cu had the highest concentrations (1.00 µg/g) in the tissues of croaker and shrimps respectively while Pb had the lowest concentrations (0.25 µg/g) in the tissues of Scumbia . The levels of all metals in the present study were lower than the limits permitted by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO), European Community Regulation (EU) and European Commission (EC). Assessment of noncarcinogenic health hazard using Target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) indicated no concern from consumption of these fish species. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of the studied metals through fish consumption was below the permissible tolerable daily intake. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no potential human health risk from consumption of the selected fish species. Keywords: Heavy metals, Hazard index, Target hazard quotient.

scholarly journals Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and assessment of the human health risk of consumption of Clarias gariepinus and Parachanna obscura from the Owan River, Edo State, Nigeria

Biologija ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijeoma Patience Oboh ◽  
Benjamin Chima Okpara
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Fish Samples

Consumption of fish is a primary route of exposure to heavy metals that could be detrimental to human health due to the tendency of bioaccumulation and biomagnification along the food chain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Pb, Fe, and Cr) in two commercially available fishes, Clarias gariepinus and Parachanna obscura, and to estimate the health risks they pose to humans through consumption. Twenty-four (24) fish samples (triplicates for each month for the two species) were collected between July and October 2017. Heavy metals were identified using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the health risk to consumers was evaluated using Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), and the Hazard Index (HI). The THQ for the individual metals in C. gariepinus and P. obscura occurred in the decreasing order of Cr > Pb > Ni and Cr > Pb > Ni > Fe with risk values of 0.015, 0.004, and 0.001, and 0.014, 0.010, 0.002, and 0.001, respectively. The hazard index for C. gariepinus and P. obscura were 0.021 and 0.027, respectively. The values of the hazard index values of the two fish species were below the threshold value of 1, an indication of no potential health risk to consumers of the fishes. However, with the occurrence of bioaccumulation of metals in the studied fishes, regular monitoring of the river is recommended.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Contamination and Human Health Risk Asssessment Via Consumption of Medicinal Plants from Amassoma Community, Bayelsa State of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Ebimobowei Assayomo ◽  
Solomon Brepi Patrick ◽  
Ruth Angobrakumor Ajimmy ◽  
Eyidenghabofa David Odikeme ◽  
Ahiakwo Bright Ogbo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Fruit Samples

Aims: Man-made activities such as excessive oil exploration, automobile emissions, gas flaring and agricultural activities tend to elevate the concentrations of heavy metals in the surrounding. Heavy metals have the tendency to accumulate in plant roots, which may result to heavy metal contamination. Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the concentration of heavy metals such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel and Zinc (Zn) in Pawpaw fruits, seeds, leaf and Scent leaf from Amosoma community in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The concentrations of these metals were used to assess the human health risk melted to the consumers of the vegetables and fruits. Materials and Methods: Sixteen different vegetables and fruit samples comprising of Pawpaw and Scent leaves were digested and analyzed for heavy metals using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (F-AAS). Results: The result of the present study reviewed that Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn ranged from 1.090 ± 0.01 - 5.990 ± 0.06; 0.213 ± 0.03 - 1.317 ± 0.02; 2.810 ± 0.04 - 4.767 ± 0.09; and 0.793 ± 0.01 -5.303 ± 0.02 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Ni in some of the analyzed pawpaw and scent leaf samples exceeded the permissible limit as recommended by WHO/FAO, EC/CODEX and NAFDAC respectively. The concentrations of Zn were below the permissible limit as recommended by WHO/FAO. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of Pb and Cd exceeded the oral reference dose (RfDo) however; Ni and Zn fall within the oral RfDo. The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values of Pb, Cd, Ni and Zn were less than 1. The Carcinogenic Risk (CR) of Cd and Ni exceeded the range of permissible predicted lifetime risks for carcinogens as recommended by US EPA, meanwhile, the carcinogenic risk of Pb was within the permissible predicted lifetime risks as recommended by USEPA. Conclusion: The result from the present study indicate that the fruits and leaves from pawpaw and scent leaf may be contaminated with Pb, Cd, and Ni and the exposed population may be at risk of developing cancer due to carcinogenic ingestion of Cd and Ni over time.

scholarly journals Human health risk assessment of potential toxic elements in paddy soil and rice (Oryza sativa) from Ugbawka fields, Enugu, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1050-1060
Author(s):  
Chidinma C. Ezeofor ◽  
Janefrances N. Ihedioha ◽  
Oguejiofo T.Ujam ◽  
Nwachukwu R. Ekere ◽  
Charles O. Nwuche
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Potential Toxic Elements ◽  
Potential Health Risk ◽  
Rice Grains

AbstractThe potential toxic elements (Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cr, Cd, Mn and Hg) were accumulated from rice grains and soil from an Ugbawka farm, Enugu State, Nigeria, which were determined to evaluate the potential health risk to rice consumers. The mean levels of metals found in soil (mg/kg) were as follows: Ni (0.57±0.24), Pb (2.44±0.17), Zn (3.35±2.05), Cu (0.71±0.33), Mn (37.72±10.97), Fe (13 856.6±31.43), Cr (2.51±0.98), Cd (0.51±1.36), and Hg (0.02±0.38); however metals found in rice grains (mg/ kg) were: Ni (0.81±0.72), Pb (0.94±0.70), Zn (8.22±2.97), Cu (0.59±0.42), Mn (13.30±4.56), Fe (13.28±0.73), Cr (15.00±10.00), Cd (0.36±0.07), and Hg (0.002±0.23). A small percentage (2.5%) of the soil samples were above the Chinese Maximum Allowable Concentration for cadmium in soil while cadmium and lead levels in the rice grains were above WHO permissible limit. Pearson’s correlations showed significant correlations amongst some metal pairs in soil and grains showing similarity in origin. The estimated daily intake of Pb was higher than the safety levels given by JECFA. Hazard Quotient for Pb and Total Hazard Index of all the metals were above one. This indicates possible potential health risk and adverse effect resulting from consumption of rice from Ugbawka farm.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metals content and consumer health risk to Siganus fuscescens (Houttuyn, 1782) from Quang Binh province

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (05) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Thiep V. Vo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectrometer

Siganus fuscescens Houttuyn, 1782 is one of the common fish species in Quang Binh province and consumers are favored by its high nutritional value. However, the consumption of Siganus fuscescens may pose potential risks to human health since they can accumulate significant amounts of heavy metals in their tissues. From July to October 2019, a total of 50 individuals of Siganus fuscescens were randomly collected through fishermen at local markets in Quang Binh province. Liver, gills, and muscles were dissected and analyzed for cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, and iron contents by the flame atomic absorption spectrometer, and the cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometer for mercury content. The metal content in all tested samples was lower than the threshold limit value by the Vietnamese Ministry of Health (MoH). The risk to human health by the intake of metal contaminated Siganus fuscescens was evaluated by estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and hazard index (HI). All the EDI values were below the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) set by the MoH, and all of THQ and HI values for male and female consumers did not exceed 1, indicating that there was no potential human health risk in consuming Siganus fuscescens from coastal areas of Quang Binh province.

scholarly journals A Health Risk Assessment of Lead and Other Metals in Pharmaceutical Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements Containing Ginkgo biloba in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8285
Author(s):  
Patricia Rojas ◽  
Elizabeth Ruiz-Sánchez ◽  
Camilo Ríos ◽  
Ángel Ruiz-Chow ◽  
Aldo A. Reséndiz-Albor
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Herbal Products

The use of the medicinal plant Ginkgo biloba has increased worldwide. However, G. biloba is capable of assimilating both essential and toxic metals, and the ingestion of contaminated products can cause damage to health. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) in 26 items containing Ginkgo biloba (pharmaceutical herbal products, dietary supplements, and traditional herbal remedies) purchased in the metropolitan area of Mexico City. Metal analysis was performed using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. All of the products were contaminated with Pb, 54% of them with As, and 81% with Cd. The lowest values of Pb, As, and Cd were detected in pharmaceutical herbal products > dietary supplements > traditional herbal remedies. The daily intake dose (DID) of pharmaceutical herbal products was within the established limits for the five metals. Dietary supplements and traditional herbal remedies exceeded the DID limits for Pb. The hazard quotients estimation and non-carcinogenic cumulative hazard estimation index for Mn, As, and Cd indicated no human health risk. Our results suggest that products containing G. biloba for sale in Mexico are not a health risk.

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