Weaning among Colonists from Montreal and Environs

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3–4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eléa Gutierrez ◽  
Isabelle Ribot ◽  
Jean-François Hélie
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Facteurs Environnementaux ◽  
Over Time

This paleochemical study explores the differences and similarities in weaning practices between two colonist populations buried in Montreal and its environs: the rural village cemetery of Pointe-aux-Trembles (PT, 1709–1843) and the urban Notre-Dame cemetery (ND, 1691–1796). Forty-six teeth (or individuals) were microsampled in both crown and root parts of the dentine (one to four and four to six sampling sites for deciduous and permanent teeth, respectively), totaling 56 microsamples for PT (seven M1, seven m1, and three m2) and 102 for ND (22 M1 and seven m1). For both sites, a general decrease of 1.3‰ in δ15N (ranging from 0.5‰ to 2.6‰) was observed between the first and last samples for permanent teeth (PT: five out of seven individuals; ND: 14 out of 22), and weaning seems to end around 2 years of age. As expected, in both parishes, weaning was mainly gradual (80%: PT; 86%: ND). An introduction of complementary food was also identified after 6 months of age (73%: PT; 81%: ND). The variation in δ15N profiles suggested other scenarios such as introduction of complementary foods just after birth (four PT and four ND), absence of breastfeeding (three PT and nine ND), and abrupt weaning (three ND). Environmental and socioeconomic factors might explain these individual variations, as infant feeding practices might have changed over time in these two growing and closely related parishes.   Cette étude paléochimique explore les différences et les similitudes dans les pratiques de sevrage entre deux populations de colons enterrées à Montréal et ses environs : le cimetière rural du village de Pointe-aux-Trembles (PT, 1709–1843) et le cimetière urbain de Notre-Dame (ND, 1691–1796). Quarante-six dents (ou individus) ont été micro-échantillonnées dans la dentine de la couronne et des racines (1 à 4 et 4 à 6 sites d'échantillonnage pour les dents de lait et les dents permanentes respectivement), totalisant 56 micro-échantillons pour PT (7 M1, 7 m1 et 3 m2) et 102 pour ND (22 M1 et 7 m1). Pour les deux sites, une diminution du d 15N d’une moyenne de 1,3‰ (allant de 0,5 à 2,6‰) a été observé entre le premier et le dernier micro-échantillon pour les dents permanentes (PT : 5 sur 7 individus ; ND : 14 sur 22), et le sevrage semble se terminer vers l'âge de deux ans. Comme attendu, dans les deux paroisses, le sevrage a été principalement progressif (80 % : PT ; 86 % : ND). Une introduction d'aliments complémentaires a également été identifiée après l'âge de six mois (73 % : PT ; 81 % : ND). La variation des profils des valeurs de δ15N permet également de suggérer d'autres scénarios tels que : l'introduction d'aliments complémentaires juste après la naissance (4 PT et 4 ND), l'absence d'allaitement (3 PT et 9 ND) et un sevrage abrupt (3 ND). Des facteurs environnementaux et socio-économiques pourraient expliquer ces variations individuelles, car les pratiques d'alimentation des nourrissons pourraient avoir changé au fil du temps dans ces deux paroisses en pleine croissance et étroitement liées.

scholarly journals Infant Feeding Practices and Nut Allergy over Time in Australian School Entrant Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Paton ◽  
Marjan Kljakovic ◽  
Karen Ciszek ◽  
Pauline Ding
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Australian School ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Infant Appetite Traits and Early Infant Feeding Practices in Low-Income Hispanic Families

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1093-1093
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Vandyousefi ◽  
Mary Jo Messito ◽  
Rachel Gross
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Frequency Scale ◽  
Appetite Traits

Abstract Objectives This study examined the association of infant appetite traits and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), BF intensity, early introduction of complementary foods/liquids and 100% fruit juice consumption among Hispanic infants during the first year of life. Methods This study is a cross-sectional analysis of data collected from the “Starting Early Program" randomized controlled obesity prevention trial of low-income, Hispanic mother-child pairs (n = 533). Four infant appetite traits including Food Responsiveness (FR), Enjoyment of Food (EF), Satiety Responsiveness (SR), and Slowness in Eating (SE) were assessed using the Baby Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Each appetite trait was based on a 5-point Likert frequency scale. Infant feeding measures were collected using 24-hour recall methodology and survey based on the Infant Feeding Practices Study II. Linear and logistic regressions assessed the associations between appetite traits and infant feeding practices, specifically 1) EBF, 2) BF intensity (% of daily milk consumption that is breast milk), 3) early introduction to complementary foods/liquids defined as receiving prior to infant age 4 months, and 4) Any 100% fruit juice consumption at age 10 months. Results Of the 473 children with both appetite and infant feeding measures, 48% were male with mean birth weight of 3.4 kg. After adjusting for confounders, infants with higher SE scores had higher odds of EBF duration (≥3 months) (OR = 1.7, P < 0.001), and higher odds of having medium (20% ≤ score ≤ 80%) and high (>80%) BF intensity (OR = 1.8, P = 0.002; OR = 2.5, P < 0.001), compared to infants with lower SE scores. Infants with higher SE and SR were less likely to receive early complementary foods/liquids (OR = 0.59, P = 0.026; OR = 0.51, P = 0.009). Infants with higher EF were more likely to consume any 100% fruit juice at age 10 months (OR = 1.7, P = 0.047). The other appetite traits were not significantly related to infant feeding measures. Conclusions Higher SE was associated with greater EBF and BF intensity. Infants with higher SE and SR were less likely to have early introduction to complementary foods/liquids. Infants with higher EF were more likely to have juice at 10 months. Appetite traits are associated with potentially obesogenic feeding practices and may represent a target for early life infant feeding interventions. Funding Sources USDA AFRI.

scholarly journals Characterization of Infant Feeding Practices and Related-Family Characteristics in the French Nationwide ELFE Birth Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Aurore Camier ◽  
Claire Chabanet ◽  
Camille Davisse-Paturet ◽  
Elea Ksiazek ◽  
Sandrine Lioret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Food Groups

Family characteristics such as education level or income are related to infant feeding practices. This study aimed to characterize infant feeding practices and investigate their associations with family characteristics. Analyses were performed with data from a French nationwide cohort, Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance (ELFE). Feeding practices were characterized by two methods, a principal component analysis and a hierarchical ascendant classification (n = 8922). This characterization was conducted in three steps: considering firstly only introduction of main food groups, then also food pieces and finally adding the type of complementary food. The associations between family characteristics and the infant feeding patterns or clusters were tested by linear or multinomial regressions (n = 7556). Besides breastfeeding duration and age of first introduction of complementary foods, it appeared also important to consider specific food groups such as sweetened beverages and cow’s milk, and the introduction of food pieces, to describe feeding practices. Recommended feeding practices (longer breastfeeding, complementary food in the right period) were related to higher maternal age and education level, so was migration status, the presence of older children, low income or the mothers’ attendance to pre-birth preparation classes. The interrelations between feeding practices and family characteristics must be considered when examining the influence of feeding practices on child’s health.

scholarly journals Are Dietary Amino Acids or Protein Quality Associated with Infant Length Gain from 6 to 12 Months in Rural Malawi? (P10-010-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Matchado ◽  
Kathryn Dewey ◽  
Christine Stewart ◽  
Per Ashorn ◽  
Ulla Ashorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Intake ◽  
Length Gain

Abstract Objectives 1) to estimate the probability of inadequate amino acid intake among infants 9–10 months of age in rural Malawi 2) to evaluate whether dietary amino acid intake or protein quality are associated with length gain from 6 to 12 months of age Methods We assessed total amino acid intake from breast milk and complementary foods in 285 infants. Breast milk intake and complementary foods were estimated using dose-to-mother deuterium oxide dilution method and repeat 4-pass interactive 24-hour recall interviews, respectively. Amino acid composition values were taken from FAO human milk profile, Tanzania Food Composition table and International Minilist. Protein quality was estimated using Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS). Probability of intake below Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for each amino acid was estimated using National Cancer Institute (NCI) method. We estimated protein quality of complementary food using median DIAAS. We assumed a DIAAS of ≥0.75 to represent a diet or food with good protein quality. Relationships between amino acid intake or protein quality with length gain were assessed using regression models. Length was measured at 6 and 12 months of age and length for age z-score (LAZ) velocity was calculated (ΔLAZ/months). Results The probability of inadequate amino acid intake from breast milk and complementary food that included a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) was 3% for lysine, 0% for tryptophan, threonine, valine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, sulfur containing amino acids (SAA), and aromatic amino acids (AAA). Without LNS, the probability was 7% for lysine and 0–2% for the other amino acids. The median (interquartile range) DIAAS for complementary food with and without LNS was 0.70 (0.28) and 0.64 (0.32), respectively. Dietary amino acid intake and protein quality were not significantly associated with length gain velocity from 6 to 12 months even after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusions The prevalence of inadequate amino acid intake in 9–10 months old infants in rural Malawi is very low. However, in conditions of frequent clinical or sub-clinical infections this situation may be different. Linear growth at 6–12 months does not appear to be limited by dietary amino acid intake or protein quality in this setting. Funding Sources The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

scholarly journals Reported infant feeding practices and contextual influences on breastfeeding: qualitative interviews with women registered to MomConnect in three South African provinces

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zara Trafford ◽  
Sara Jewett ◽  
Alison Swartz ◽  
Amnesty E. LeFevre ◽  
Peter J. Winch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
South African ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Younger Women

Abstract Background Global guidelines recommend exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first 6 months of life. South African EBF rates have steadily increased but still only average 32% for infants below 6 months of age. Malnutrition and developmental delays continue to contribute substantially to the morbidity and mortality of South African children. MomConnect, a national mHealth messaging system used to send infant and maternal health messages during and after pregnancy, has a specific focus on improving rates of breastfeeding and has achieved high rates of population coverage. Methods For this qualitative study, we interviewed women who were registered to MomConnect to investigate their breastfeeding and other infant feeding practices, decision-making pre- and post-delivery, and the role of the health system, family members and the wider community in supporting or detracting from breastfeeding intentions. Data were collected from February–March 2018 in South Africa’s KwaZulu-Natal, Free State and Gauteng provinces. Framework analysis was conducted to identify common themes. Results Most women interviewed had breastfed, including HIV-positive women. Even when women had delivered by caesarean section, they had usually been able to initiate breastfeeding a few hours after birth. Understandings of EBF varied in thoroughness and there was some confusion about the best way to cease breastfeeding. Most women felt well-equipped to make infant feeding decisions and to stick to their intentions, but returning to work or school sometimes prevented 6 months of EBF. Advice from the health system (both via clinics and MomConnect) was considered helpful and supportive in encouraging EBF to 6 months, although family influences could thwart these intentions, especially for younger women. Mothers reported a range of breastfeeding information sources that influenced their choices, including social media. Conclusions Efforts to improve EBF rates must include consideration of the social and economic environment surrounding women. Interventions that focus only on improving women’s knowledge are valuable but insufficient on their own. Attention should also be paid to infant behaviors, and how these affect women’s breastfeeding choices. Finally, although there is strong local policy support for EBF, more rigorous implementation of these and other broader changes to create a more enabling structural environment ought to be prioritized.

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Breastfeeding Practices and Infant Feeding Pattern among Mothers in Mauritius

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashmika Motee ◽  
Deerajen Ramasawmy ◽  
Prity Pugo-Gunsam ◽  
Rajesh Jeewon
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Childhood Morbidity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type Of Delivery

Proper breastfeeding practices are effective ways for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. While many mothers understand the importance of breastfeeding, others are less knowledgeable on the benefits of breastfeeding and weaning. The aim in here is to assess breastfeeding pattern, infant formula feeding pattern, and weaning introduction in Mauritius and to investigate the factors that influence infant nutrition. 500 mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire which was designed to elicit information on infant feeding practices. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS (version 13.0), whereby chi-square tests were used to evaluate relationships between different selected variables. The prevalence of breastfeeding practice in Mauritius has risen from 72% in 1991 to 93.4% as found in this study, while only 17.9% breastfed their children exclusively for the first 6 months, and the mean duration of EBF (exclusive breastfeeding) is 2.10 months. Complementary feeding was more commonly initiated around 4–6 months (75.2%). Despite the fact that 60.6% of mothers initiate breastfeeding and 26.1% of mothers are found to breastfeed up to 2 years, the practice of EBF for the first 6 months is low (17.9%). Factors found to influence infant feeding practices are type of delivery, parity, alcohol consumption, occupation, education, and breast problems.

scholarly journals Infant feeding practices: a cause for concern.

BMJ ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 2 (6197) ◽  
pp. 1073-1073
Author(s):  
D Freed ◽  
D Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices
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