scholarly journals Relação entre as propriedades físicas e hídricas e os tipos de uso da terra em Neossolos Regolíticos da bacia hidrográfica do rio Pirapó-PR / Relation between the physical and hydric properties and the types of use of land in Regolithic Neosols (...)

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (50) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Francieli Sant'ana Marcatto ◽  
Hélio Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Small Depth

<p>Os Neossolos Regolíticos da bacia hidrográfica do Pirapó-PR são utilizados, principalmente, para o cultivo de pastagem e culturas de grãos e apresentam baixo potencial de uso e elevada suscetibilidade à erosão, devido a sua pequena profundidade, grande pedregosidade e a ocorrência em áreas de relevo dissecado. Diante disso, esse trabalho objetiva estudar os Neossolos Regolíticos do compartimento de paisagem 4a da bacia hidrográfica do Pirapó e os efeitos das diferentes formas de uso e ocupação no comportamento físico e hídrico do solo. Foram analisados os horizontes superficiais desses solos, cultivados com pastagem, culturas de grãos e floresta nativa. Foram realizadas análises físicas de densidade do solo, porosidade total, macroporosidade, microporosidade, granulometria, resistência à penetração, umidade e estabilidade de agregados; análises hídricas de velocidade de infiltração e condutividade hidráulica e a análise química de carbono orgânico. Os resultados indicaram que o Neossolo Regolítico cultivado com pastagem e cultura de grãos mostrou-se sensível às alterações impostas pelo tipo de uso, com modificações em suas propriedades físico-hídricas.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: Neossolo Regolítico; propriedades físico-hídricas; uso da terra; bacia hidrográfica do Pirapó-PR.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The Regolithic Neosols of the basin of Pirapó-PR are used mainly for pasture and grain crops and they have low potential for use and they have high susceptibility to erosion, so due to its small depth, they have great stoniness and the occurrence in areas of relief dissected. Therefore, this work aims to study the Regolithic Neosols of landscape compartment 4a of the basin of Pirapó and the effects of different forms of use and occupation in the physical and hydric behavior of the soil. The surface horizons of these soils were analyzed, grown with pasture, grain crops and native forest. Were realized physical analysis of density of soil, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, granulometry, resistance of penetration, moisture and aggregate stability; hydric analysis of infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity and the chemical analysis of organic carbon. The results indicated that the Regolithic Neosols cultivated with pasture and crop grain was sensitive to changes imposed by the type of use, with changes in their physical and hydric properties.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Regolithic Neosols; physical and hydric properties; land use; basin of Pirapó-PR.</p>

scholarly journals Relação entre as propriedades físico-hídricas dos solos e os tipos de uso da terra como subsídio ao manejo e conservação do solo e da água na bacia hidrográfica do rio Pirapó-PR ( Relation between the soil’s hydro-physical attributes and the land use...)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francieli Sant'ana Marcatto ◽  
Hélio Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Physical Behavior ◽  
Physical Attributes

Os Latossolos e Nitossolos da bacia hidrográfica do Pirapó apresentam reduzida suscetibilidade natural à ocorrência de processos erosivos, entretanto, o manejo inadequado tem promovido a sua degradação, impondo condições favoráveis a ação dos agentes de erosão. Diante disso, esse trabalho tem por objetivo estudar os Latossolos Vermelhos e Nitossolos Vermelhos de textura argilosa na bacia hidrográfica do Pirapó, apontando os efeitos das diferentes formas de uso e ocupação no comportamento físico e hídrico dos solos. Foram realizadas análises físicas de densidade do solo, porosidade total, macroporosidade, microporosidade, granulometria e estabilidade de agregados; análises hídricas de velocidade de infiltração e condutividade hidráulica e a análise química de carbono orgânico. Os resultados indicaram que os Latossolos e Nitossolos cultivados com culturas de grãos mostraram-se mais sensíveis às alterações impostas pelo tipo de uso, com alteração das suas propriedades físico-hídricas, sendo necessário buscar o correto manejo do solo garantindo a manutenção da qualidade da água e a sustentabilidade da bacia hidrográfica.   A B S T R A C T The Latosol and Nitosol in the Pirapó drainage basin present little natural susceptibility to erosive processes, however, inadequate management has been promoting its degradation and creating conditions favorable to the action of the agents of erosion. In face of this, this works objective is studying the Red Latososl and Red Nitosols of clayey texture in the Pirapó drainage basin, pointing the effects of the different forms of use and occupation in the hydro-physical behavior of these soils. Physical analysis of soil density, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, granulometry and aggregate stability were conducted, along with water analysis of infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity, plus a chemical analysis of organic carbon. The results indicate the Latosols and Nitosols under grain crops are more sensitive to the changes caused by the type of use, with alteration of is hydro-physical attributes, making the search for the correct soil management necessary for maintenance of the water quality and sustainability of the drainage basin. Keywords: hydro-physical proprieties, land use, 4B landscape compartment, Latosol and Nitosol.   

scholarly journals Impact of Land Use On The Variability of Soil Attributes Within Distinct Amazonian Environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Eleotério de Aquino ◽  
José Marques Júnior ◽  
Milton César Costa Campos ◽  
Laércio Santos Silva ◽  
Romário Pimenta Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Soil Attributes ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Changes in soil attributes caused by the conversion of native forest for agricultural use in the Amazon region is an area of research because of current uncertainties regarding land use and occupation processes. These uncertainties are significant for tropical soils. Understanding changes in soil attributes is vital for developing strategies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in the Amazon region. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of land use on soil attribute variability occurring in distinctly Amazonian environments. This study was conducted using five meshes in Southern Amazonas: Forest 1, cassava, sugarcane, Forest 2, and Archeological Dark Earth (ADE). Descriptive statistical, geostatistical, and multivariate analyses were performed on data obtained from local measurements of CO2 emissions and data obtained from physical and chemical analysis of soil layers up to a depth of 20 cm. Most physical, chemical, and biological attributes of the soil were related to land use classifications. The similarity between cultivated and forested areas yielded no evidence of land degradation resulting from land use. Increasing certain physical attributes total porosity (PT), soil moisture (SM), and Macroporosity (Macro) yielded a greater increase in the CO2 efflux for ADE and Amazon forest environments than for cultivated regions.

scholarly journals Changes by use and management in alluvial plain soils in southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e78101623317
Author(s):  
Edsleine Ribeiro ◽  
Priscila Vogelei Ramos ◽  
Tatiele Fruett ◽  
Paulo César do Nascimento ◽  
Estéfane Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Land Use And Management

Agricultural land use causes changes in physical and chemical attributes of the soil, due to the management practices employed the productive capacity of the soil can be compromised under different agricultural systems. The soils of Porto Alegre are quite diverse reflecting the geology, topography and drainage network of the region, and include lowland soils, like the alluvial plain of the Arroio Dilúvio. This study was carried out in four landscape units (Native Forest, Agroforestry System, Horse Farm and Agricultural Crops), to assess changes in soil characteristics after different types of land use and management on the plain of the Dilúvio Arroio. We sampled disturbed and undisturbed soil samples for chemical (pH, EC, V, SOM, CEC, Al3+, H+Al) and physical analysis (porosity, microporosity and macroporosity). These chemical and physical attributes of the soils, especially pH, V%, SOM, CEC and Al3+, underwent changes under the different types of land use and management, with significant differences. Most changes were detected in the cropland soils. Multivariate analysis demonstrated the influence of the different types of land use, at the surface, land use and management had the greatest influence, while at depth, the proximity of the areas was the predominant factor.

scholarly journals Carbon storage in soil and aggregates of Inceptisols under different land use management systems in southern Amazonas

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton César Costa Campos ◽  
Marcelo Dayron Rodrigues Soares ◽  
Mailson Ferreira Nascimento ◽  
Douglas Marcelo Pinheiro Silva
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Land Use And Management ◽  
Amazonas State

Land use and management systems are factors that can influence carbon stock and its aggregate stability. This study assessed the carbon stock and aggregate stability of Inceptisols under different land use and management systems. The study was conducted on five properties located in the southern region of Amazonas state. Five areas were selected with different traditional land use systems (agroforestry, cassava, sugarcane, pasture and native forest). On each site, grids of 50 m x 50 m, with regular spacing of 10 by 10 meters were outlined for a sampling of 36 points in each mesh at a depth 0.00-0.10 m. We determined the bulk density, aggregate stability, total organic carbon and carbon stock. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (F test) and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. We found that the highest values of carbon stocks were found in areas under sugar cane and pasture, followed by the areas under cassava, agroforestry and native forest. Carbon stocks and aggregate stability were significantly altered by land use management systems.

scholarly journals Soil physical properties and grape yield influenced by cover crops and management systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1352-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Dalla Rosa ◽  
Alvaro Luiz Mafra ◽  
João Carlos Medeiros ◽  
Jackson Adriano Albuquerque ◽  
Davi José Miquelluti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Grape Yield

The use of cover crops in vineyards is a conservation practice with the purpose of reducing soil erosion and improving the soil physical quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate cover crop species and management systems on soil physical properties and grape yield. The experiment was carried out in Bento Gonçalves, RS, Southern Brazil, on a Haplic Cambisol, in a vineyard established in 1989, using White and Rose Niagara grape (Vitis labrusca L.) in a horizontal, overhead trellis system. The treatments were established in 2002, consisting of three cover crops: spontaneous species (SS), black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) (BO), and a mixture of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and annual rye-grass (Lolium multiflorum L.) (MC). Two management systems were applied: desiccation with herbicide (D) and mechanical mowing (M). Soil under a native forest (NF) area was collected as a reference. The experimental design consisted of completely randomized blocks, with three replications. The soil physical properties in the vine rows were not influenced by cover crops and were similar to the native forest, with good quality of the soil structure. In the inter-rows, however, there was a reduction in biopores, macroporosity, total porosity and an increase in soil density, related to the compaction of the surface soil layer. The M system increased soil aggregate stability compared to the D system. The treatments affected grapevine yield only in years with excess or irregular rainfall.

scholarly journals Physical properties of a rhodic haplustox under two sugarcane harvesting systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1803-1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walquíria Machado ◽  
Tiago Santos Telles ◽  
João Tavares Filho ◽  
Maria de Fátima Guimarães ◽  
Grace Bungenstab Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Harvesting Systems

This study had the purpose of evaluating the effects of two management types of sugarcane: harvesting of burnt cane (BCH) and mechanized harvesting of unburnt green cane (MCH), on some soil physical properties of a dystrophic Rhodic Haplustox. The data were then compared with results for the same soil type under native forest. A completely randomized design was used, with three treatments and 20 replications. The following characteristics were determined: organic matter, aggregate stability, soil bulk density, and porosity at depths of 0-0.20 m and soil penetration resistance. After 15 years of cultivation, there were some alterations in the soil under cane burnt before harvesting, evidenced by a drop in the weighted average diameter of stable aggregates in water and increased soil bulk density. Significant changes were also detected in total porosity and pore distribution under both harvesting systems. Critical values for penetration resistance were observed in the area under mechanized sugar cane harvesting, with a value of 4.5 MPa in the 40-55 cm layer. This value is considered high and could indicate compaction and restriction of root growth. Soil properties under the green cane (unburned) management system were closest to those of the soil under native forest.

Effects of agricultural management on tenosols in northern Tasmania

Soil Research ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Cotching ◽  
J. Cooper ◽  
L. A. Sparrow ◽  
B. E. McCorkell ◽  
W. Rowley
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Agricultural Management ◽  
Degraded Soil ◽  
Soil Attributes ◽  
Mean Weight Diameter

Attributes of 15 Tasmanian sandy tenosols were assessed using field and laboratory techniques to determine differences under 3 typical forms of agricultural management: long-term pasture, cropping with shallow tillage using discs and tines, and cropping (including potatoes) with more rigorous and deeper tillage including deep ripping and powered implements. Soil organic carbon in the surface 75 mm was 2.6&percnt; under long-term pasture compared with 1.1&percnt; in rigorously tilled cropping paddocks. Readily oxidisable carbon concentrations were 2.3 mg&sol;g and 1.0 mg&sol;g, respectively. These differences were negatively correlated with the number of years cropped, which we viewed with concern. Infiltration rate was greater and shear strength less in cropped paddocks compared with long-term pasture. Dry bulk density was greater and total porosity and macroporosity were less in rigorously tilled paddocks. Subsoil compaction was apparent in paddocks which had grown potatoes. Cropping was not clearly associated with smaller or less stable aggregates. A survey of farmers' perceptions found that they identified more healthy than unhealthy soil attributes under all management histories. Significant negative correlations were found between the number of unhealthy attributes identified in a farmer survey and laboratory-determined water-stable aggregates and mean weight diameter of dry soil aggregates. The effects of cropping are not associated with a broad range of degraded soil attributes on these Tasmanian tenosols. tenosols, sandy soils, organic carbon, soil strength, aggregate stability, land management, cropping.

scholarly journals Impact of Management on the Physical Attributes of a Dystrophic Yellow Latosol

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryzélia Furtado de Farias ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Linhares Feitosa ◽  
Khalil De Menezes Rodrigues ◽  
Liliane Carvalho Teixeira ◽  
Mariléia Barros Furtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Slash And Burn ◽  
Slash And Burn Agriculture

Soil use and management systems aim to create conditions that are favorable to crop growth. The hypothesis is that areas subject to intensive use of agricultural machinery and animal trampling tend to have a soil structure that is altered by aggregate fragmentation, which causes soil compaction and consequently decreases the soil’s physical and hydraulic properties. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the physical and hydraulic parameters of a dystrophic yellow latosol in an area of Cerrado in the municipality of Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil under different use and management systems. The following five use and management systems were studied with five replicates: native forest (control), slash-and-burn agriculture, grassland, no-till crop production and conventional tillage. Data analysis was performed using a completely randomized experimental design. The soil’s density, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, infiltration, water retention curve, penetration resistance and Soil quality assessment index (S index) were assessed for all management systems. The soil use and management systems were found to have a significant effect on the penetration resistance and the water infiltration rate. The native forest and slash-and-burn agriculture areas provided the highest soil water infiltration rates and the lowest soil penetration resistance. A multivariate analysis identified the variables associated with each soil use and management system. The slash-and-burn agriculture area had the highest S index, which means it provided soil of the best physical quality.

scholarly journals Changes in physical properties and organic carbon of a Kandiudox fertilized with manure

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréia Patricia Andrade ◽  
Luiz Paulo Rauber ◽  
Álvaro Luiz Mafra ◽  
Dilmar Baretta ◽  
Márcio Gonçalves da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Land Use And Management

ABSTRACT: Successive applications of pig slurry and poultry manure can improve the soil structure, according to the land use conditions and amounts applied. This study evaluated the effect of manure fertilization on the physical properties and organic carbon of a Rhodic Kandiudox. Treatments included land use and management and time of pig slurry and poultry litter application, namely: native forest (NF); yerba mate after 20 years of animal waste application (YM20); pasture after 15 years of application (P15); grassland after 20 years of manuring (PP20); grassland after 3 years of manuring (P3); pasture without application (P0), maize after 20 years of application (M20); and maize after 7 years of application (M7). Soil samples were collected in the 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20cm layers, in which density, porosity, aggregate stability, flocculation, penetration resistance, available water, and total clay content, total and particulate organic carbon, and C:N ratio were analyzed. The total organic carbon is sensitive to management and was not related to waste application, except in the 10-20cm layer of ryegrass pasture after three years of manuring. Reponses to waste application and land use and management systems were observed in the variables soil density and penetration resistance.

Variation of infiltration rate through karstic surfaces due to land use changes: A case study in Murgia (SE-Italy)

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 210-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filomena Canora ◽  
M. Dolores Fidelibus ◽  
Antonella Sciortino ◽  
Giuseppe Spilotro
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Infiltration Rate
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