Impact of Management on the Physical Attributes of a Dystrophic Yellow Latosol

Soil use and management systems aim to create conditions that are favorable to crop growth. The hypothesis is that areas subject to intensive use of agricultural machinery and animal trampling tend to have a soil structure that is altered by aggregate fragmentation, which causes soil compaction and consequently decreases the soil’s physical and hydraulic properties. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the physical and hydraulic parameters of a dystrophic yellow latosol in an area of Cerrado in the municipality of Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil under different use and management systems. The following five use and management systems were studied with five replicates: native forest (control), slash-and-burn agriculture, grassland, no-till crop production and conventional tillage. Data analysis was performed using a completely randomized experimental design. The soil’s density, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, infiltration, water retention curve, penetration resistance and Soil quality assessment index (S index) were assessed for all management systems. The soil use and management systems were found to have a significant effect on the penetration resistance and the water infiltration rate. The native forest and slash-and-burn agriculture areas provided the highest soil water infiltration rates and the lowest soil penetration resistance. A multivariate analysis identified the variables associated with each soil use and management system. The slash-and-burn agriculture area had the highest S index, which means it provided soil of the best physical quality.

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Patterns of water infiltration and soil degradation over a 120-yr chronosequence from forest to agriculture in western Kenya

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-8-6993-2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 6993-7015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Nyberg ◽

A. Bargués Tobella ◽

J. Kinyangi ◽

U. Ilstedt

Keyword(s):

Bulk Density ◽

Soil Degradation ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Native Forest ◽

Western Kenya ◽

Soil C ◽

Soil C And N ◽

C And N

Abstract. Soil degradation is commonly reported in the tropics where forest is converted to agriculture. Much of the native forest in the highlands of western Kenya has been converted to agricultural land in order to feed the growing population, and more land is being cleared. In tropical Africa, this land use change results in progressive soil degradation, as the period of cultivation increases. Sites that were converted to agriculture at different times can be evaluated as a chronosequence; this can aid in our understanding of the processes at work, particularly those in the soil. Both levels and variation of infiltration, soil carbon and other parameters are influenced by management within agricultural systems, but they have rarely been well documented in East Africa. We constructed a chronosequence for an area of western Kenya, using two native forest sites and six fields that had been converted to agriculture for varying lengths of time. We assessed changes in infiltrability (the steady-state infiltration rate), soil C and N, bulk density, δ13C, and the proportion of macro- and microaggregates in soil along a 119 yr chronosequence of conversion from natural forest to agriculture. Infiltration, soil C and N, decreased rapidly after conversion, while bulk density increased. Median infiltration rates fell to about 15 % of the initial values in the forest and C and N values dropped to around 60 %, whilst the bulk density increased by 50 %. Despite high spatial variability in infiltrability, these parameters correlated well with time since conversion and with each other. Our results indicate that landscape planners should include wooded elements in the landscape in sufficient quantity to ensure water infiltration at rates that prevent runoff and erosion. This should be the case for restoring degraded landscapes, as well as for the development of new agricultural areas.

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AVALIAÇÃO DA TAXA DE INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO SUBMETIDO A DOIS SISTEMAS DE MANEJO*

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2005v10n2p107-115 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 107-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Antonio Angelotti Neto ◽

Edemo João Fernandes

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Hydrological Cycle ◽

Soil Management ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Management Systems ◽

Water Runoff ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Conventional Management ◽

Red Latosol

AVALIAÇÃO DA TAXA DE INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO SUBMETIDO A DOIS SISTEMAS DE MANEJO* Antonio Angelotti Netto1; Edemo João Fernandes21SEA, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos,Universidade de São Paulo e Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária,, São Carlos, SP, [email protected] de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP 1 RESUMO A infiltração de água no solo é um dos processos mais importantes do ciclo hidrológico, uma vez que a partir desse parâmetro pode-se determinar o escorrimento superficial e estimar o armazenamento de água no solo. O manejo do solo é um importante fator que influencia a infiltração de água. O solo manejado erroneamente pode ocasionar perdas de solo, lixiviação de pesticidas e fertilizantes, causando efeitos nefastos à produção agrícola e ao ambiente. Diante deste contexto, objetivou-se determinar a velocidade de infiltração em um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico ocorrente na UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, submetido aos sistemas de manejo convencional e pousio. As medidas foram realizadas com anéis concêntricos, nos intervalos de tempo: 5, 10, 20, 30 e 60 minutos. Verificou-se que o manejo em pousio a que foi submetido o solo, não foi o suficiente para lhe proporcionar velocidades de infiltração maiores do que no solo manejado convencionalmente. UNITERMOS: infiltração acumulada, manejo de solo, pousio ANGELOTTI NETTO, A.; FERNANDES, E. J. EVALUATION OF WATER INFILTRATION RATE IN A RED LATOSSOL SUBMITTED TO TWO MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 2 ABSTRACT Water infiltration in the soil is one of the most important processes of the hydrological cycle, as this parameter may be used to determine water runoff and estimate water storage in the soil. Soil management is an important factor that influences water infiltration. Erroneous soil management may cause soil losses, pesticide and fertilizer leaching, and disastrous effects to the agricultural production and the environment. Considering this, it was decided to determine the infiltration rate of a Red Latosol (Rhodic Eutrudox) at UNESP, Jaboticabal, and SP, BRAZIL, submitted to a conventional management system and to a non-cultivated one. These measurements were made using concentric rings, at time intervals of 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 minutes. It was verified that the non-cultivated period to which the soil was submitted was not sufficient to provide a greater infiltration rate than that one achieved by conventional soil management. KEYWORDS: accumulated infiltration, soil management, non-cultivated soil

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Improved subsoil macroporosity following perennial pastures

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea03076 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 299 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

M. H. McCallum ◽

J. A. Kirkegaard ◽

T. W. Green ◽

H. P. Cresswell ◽

S. L. Davies ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New South ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Biological Action ◽

The Other ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Annual Crops ◽

South Wales ◽

Average Size ◽

Yield Responses

Biopores left in the soil by perennial and annual pastures and their effects on macroporosity, water infiltration and the water use and productivity of subsequent wheat and canola crops were investigated in a field experiment on a Sodosol in southern New South Wales. Phases of both lucerne (4 years) and phalaris (10 years) improved the macroporosity and water infiltration into the dense B horizon compared with continuous annual crops and pastures. After removal of lucerne and phalaris, the subsoil (> 12 cm depth) contained similar numbers of pores > 2 mm diameter (228 and 190/m2, respectively) compared with a mean of 68/m2 after annual crops. However water infiltration rate after lucerne was greater than after phalaris, apparently because of more numerous pores > 4 mm, rather than a change in total porosity. The subsoil after phalaris on the other hand contained more pores 0.3 mm in diameter and a higher total porosity, possibly because of more roots around this diameter, and a longer period without traffic or cultivation. The number of lucerne biopores in the subsoil remained unchanged (170–180/m2) for at least 2 crops after the lucerne was removed although the average size decreased. The volume of water extracted from the subsoil by crops following lucerne was similar to that following annual crop/pasture for 10 of the 12 crop comparisons made. For 2 of the crops, more subsoil water (22 and 24 mm) was used after lucerne than after annuals, and in 1 season this was associated with higher yield of canola. During the 3-year study there was no winter waterlogging or post-anthesis water stress, so there was little opportunity for yield responses to improved subsoil structure. The results confirm speculation that the unfavourable structure of dense subsoils can be improved by the biological action of perennial pasture roots, although reduced wheel traffic and cultivation during the pasture phases may also play a role. Further studies will be necessary to demonstrate associated yield improvements.

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Infiltration rate in unsaturated glass beads porous media under various gravity made by parabolic flight.

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-20786 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Naoto Sato ◽

Yuichi Maruo ◽

Kento Nogawa ◽

Natsumi Naganuma ◽

Kosuke Noborio

Keyword(s):

Porous Media ◽

Crop Production ◽

Water Movement ◽

Outer Space ◽

Parabolic Flight ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Glass Beads ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Growth System ◽

Partial Gravity

<p>The Global Exploration Roadmap targets the realization of Mars manned exploration by the 2030s. It is necessary to understand water movement in porous media under microgravity to establish a plant growth system for crop production for astronauts to produce food in outer space. In previous researches, a decrease in infiltration rate was reported for coarse (1.5 mm diameter) glass beads porous media. On the other hand,&#160; in the case of fine (0.4 mm diameter) glass beads porous media, the amount of reduction in the infiltration rate was small. We wanted knowledge of water movement under partial gravity conditions. We conducted water infiltration experiments under microgravity, 1/6G, and 1/3G conditions made by parabolic flights. The 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mm glass beads were used as porous media. The effects of particle size and partial gravity on water infiltration in porous media will be discussed.</p>

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Water infiltration rate in Yellow Latosol under different soil management systems

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n11p1021-1027 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (11) ◽

pp. 1021-1027 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jorge L. X. L. Cunha ◽

Maria E. H. Coelho ◽

Abel W. de Albuquerque ◽

Cicero A. Silva ◽

Antônio B. da Silva Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Models ◽

Soil Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Management Systems ◽

No Tillage ◽

Minimum Tillage ◽

Soil Water Infiltration ◽

Tillage System

ABSTRACTThe management systems affect soil structure, causing changes in porosity that can influence soil water infiltration. In order to study the water infiltration rate in a Yellow Latosol under different tillage systems and different mathematical models, an experiment was conducted from October to December 2012, at the Center for Agricultural Sciences at the Federal University of Alagoas, using a randomized block design with five replicates, in a split-plot scheme. In the plots, the management systems were evaluated (conventional tillage, no-tillage and minimum tillage) and, in the sub-plots, the empirical mathematical models of Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis and Horton, and the ring method. The method used to measure soil water infiltration rate was adapted from the classic double-ring infiltrometer method. The minimum tillage system provided better results compared with the others, with water infiltration rate of 167 mm h-1, and the equation that best fitted the data of the ring infiltrometer was Kostiakov’s, in the no-tillage system.

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Influence of slope aspect and position on soil physical quality and management implications at University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽

10.4314/as.v20i3.6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 37-48

Author(s):

P.I. Ogban

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Pore Space ◽

Soil Aggregates ◽

Principal Component ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Slope Aspect ◽

Physical Quality ◽

Soil Physical Quality ◽

Management Factors

The effect of north and south aspects (NA and SA) and positions viz upper (US), middle (MS) and lower (LS) on soil physical quality from 2000 to 2020 was evaluated at the University of Uyo Teaching & Research Farm, to identify management factors at the Farm. Results showed that coarse sand increased while clay content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) and soil textural class was loamy sand on slope aspects and positions. Soil bulk density and total porosity were similar on the slope aspects and positions. Saturated hydraulic conductivity was significantly (p < 0.05) higher on SA (10.6 cm h–1) than NA (3.1 cm h–1) but declined by 93.03% and 52.47%, respectively in 20 years. Soil organic carbon, water-stable aggregates, mean-weight diameter of soil aggregates and structural index decreased by 14.81% and 38.33%, 60.53% and 55.53%, 31.26% and 21.71%, and 48.60% and 69.0%, respectively in NA and SA within the 20-year period. One minute infiltration rate was similar on NA and SA, while final infiltration rate, cumulative infiltration, sorptivity and transmissivity were significantly (p < 0.05) different; these soil hydraulic properties decreased in NA and SA by 83.0% and 86.43%, 52.63% and 14.29%, 81.53% and 63.9%, 95.0% and 85.63% and 90.42% and 96.11%, respectively on the aspects after the 20 years. Slope aspects and positions were generally similar in their effects on soil physical quality attributes, most of which were degraded after the 20 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified seven soil quality management factors namely (1) water intake, (2) soil texture, (3) soil pore space, (4) and (6) Fe and Al oxide, and (5) and (7) soil structural stability factors that could be used to improve and conserve the soil and water for increases in crop production on the farm.

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Biocrust effects on soil infiltrability in the Mu Us Desert: Soil hydraulic properties analysis and modeling

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics ◽

10.2478/johh-2021-0026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 69 (4) ◽

pp. 378-386

Author(s):

Hongjie Guan ◽

Xinyu Liu

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Hydraulic Properties ◽

Water Retention ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Water Dynamics ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Water Retention Curve ◽

Soil Hydraulic Properties ◽

Mu Us Desert ◽

Soil Hydraulic

Abstract The presence of biocrusts changes water infiltration in the Mu Us Desert. Knowledge of the hydraulic properties of biocrusts and parameterization of soil hydraulic properties are important to improve simulation of infiltration and soil water dynamics in vegetation-soil-water models. In this study, four treatments, including bare land with sporadic cyanobacterial biocrusts (BL), lichen-dominated biocrusts (LB), early-successional moss biocrusts (EMB), and late-successional moss biocrusts (LMB), were established to evaluate the effects of biocrust development on soil water infiltration in the Mu Us Desert, northwest of China. Moreover, a combined Wooding inverse approach was used for the estimation of soil hydraulic parameters. The results showed that infiltration rate followed the pattern BL > LB > EMB > LMB. Moreover, the LB, EMB, and LMB treatments had significantly lower infiltration rates than the BL treatment. The saturated soil moisture (θs ) and shape parameter (α VG) for the EMB and LMB treatments were higher than that for the BL and LB treatments, although the difference among four treatments was insignificant. Water retention increased with biocrust development at high-pressure heads, whereas the opposite was observed at low-pressure heads. The development of biocrusts influences van Genuchten parameters, subsequently affects the water retention curve, and thereby alters available water in the biocrust layer. The findings regarding the parameterization of soil hydraulic properties have important implications for the simulation of eco-hydrological processes in dryland ecosystems.

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Effect of slope aspect and position on soil infiltrability in an ultisol in Akwa Ibom State, southern Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽

10.4314/as.v19i2.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 23-30

Author(s):

P.I. Ogban ◽

A.X. Okon

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Crop Production ◽

Management Practices ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

Slope Aspect ◽

Hydrological Process ◽

Southern Nigeria

Soil infiltrability is an important hydrological process that enhances soil water storage and the minimization of runoff. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of slope aspect (north, NfS and south, SfS) and positions [(crest (CR), upper (US), middle (MS) and lower (LS)] on soil infiltrability, that is, initial infiltration rate (io), steady-state infiltration rate (ic) and cumulative infiltration (I), and sorptivity (S) and transmissivity (A) on the University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm (T&SF) located on an Ultisol in Akwa Ibom State, southern Nigeria. Results show that the initial infiltration rate (io) was 43.20 cm h−1 on SfS and significantly (p < 0.05) higher than 36.60 cm h−1 on NfS. The final infiltration rate (ic) was not significantly different between NfS (9.60 cm h−1) and SfS (7.20 cm h−1). The Cumulative depth of water (I) infiltrated was similar between NfS (28.18 cm) and SfS (21.46 cm). Soil water sorptivity (S) was moderately high on the two slopes but significantly (p < 0.05) lower in NfS (0.49 cm min−1/2) than in SfS (0.70 cm min−1/2) soil. Soil water transmissivity (A) was similar in NfS (0.19 cm h−1) and SfS (0.16 cm h−1) soil. The results indicate that the aspects were similar in io, ic, I, S and A. However, since soil texture is similar among the aspects, similar soil management practices, example tillage and mulching, could be adopted to enhance water infiltration to improve ic for increases in soil water conservation and crop production on the T&SF. Key words: slope aspect and position, soil infiltrability, sorptivity and transmissivity, soil water management

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Soil physical properties and grape yield influenced by cover crops and management systems

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832013000500024 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 1352-1360 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jaqueline Dalla Rosa ◽

Alvaro Luiz Mafra ◽

João Carlos Medeiros ◽

Jackson Adriano Albuquerque ◽

Davi José Miquelluti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Management Systems ◽

Native Forest ◽

Crop Species ◽

Grape Yield

The use of cover crops in vineyards is a conservation practice with the purpose of reducing soil erosion and improving the soil physical quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate cover crop species and management systems on soil physical properties and grape yield. The experiment was carried out in Bento Gonçalves, RS, Southern Brazil, on a Haplic Cambisol, in a vineyard established in 1989, using White and Rose Niagara grape (Vitis labrusca L.) in a horizontal, overhead trellis system. The treatments were established in 2002, consisting of three cover crops: spontaneous species (SS), black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) (BO), and a mixture of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and annual rye-grass (Lolium multiflorum L.) (MC). Two management systems were applied: desiccation with herbicide (D) and mechanical mowing (M). Soil under a native forest (NF) area was collected as a reference. The experimental design consisted of completely randomized blocks, with three replications. The soil physical properties in the vine rows were not influenced by cover crops and were similar to the native forest, with good quality of the soil structure. In the inter-rows, however, there was a reduction in biopores, macroporosity, total porosity and an increase in soil density, related to the compaction of the surface soil layer. The M system increased soil aggregate stability compared to the D system. The treatments affected grapevine yield only in years with excess or irregular rainfall.

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Edaphic attributes and loss of soil and nutrients according to the management systems for horticultural crops

Comunicata Scientiae ◽

10.14295/cs.v8i4.1756 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 503-513

Author(s):

José Mário Piratello Freitas de Souza ◽

Lúcia Helena Cunha dos Anjos ◽

Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽

Roni Fernandes Guareschi ◽

João Henrique Gaia-Gomes

Keyword(s):

Cover Crop ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Infiltration Rate ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Management Systems ◽

Horticultural Crops ◽

Physical And Chemical Characterization ◽

Soil Water Infiltration ◽

Physical And Chemical

The effects of conventional tillage (CT), level cultivation (LC), minimum cultivation (MC) and a plot without a cover crop (WC) in the contents of soil nutrients (P, K, Ca and Mg), total organic carbon (TOC), bulk density (Bd), soil water infiltration rate (BIR) and losses of TOC and nutrients (P and K) by erosion were evaluated in areas with the cultivation of horticultural crops. Wischmeier plots were installed in an Oxisol with 30% of slope. Soil samples were collected at 0.0-0.05 and 0.05-0.10 m depths to physical and chemical characterization. The WC plot reduces soil SWIR values and lead to a higher losses soil, TOC and macronutrients (Ca, P, Mg and K). The CT resulted in higher losses of soil, TOC, P and K by erosion, contributing to reduce the TOC, P, Ca, Mg and SWIR of the soil. The MC was the most indicated management, since it helps to reduce losses of soil, TOC, P and K by erosion, and increase the TOC, BIR, P, K, Ca and Mg of the soil. The LC when compared to the CT reduces the losses of soil TOC, P and K by erosion, and increase the BIR values.

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