Faceted Classifications as Linked Data: A Logical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Claudio Gnoli
Keyword(s):  
Linked Data ◽  
General Analysis ◽  
Restricted Domain ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Unrestricted Domain ◽  
Integrative Levels ◽  
Decimal Classification ◽  
Range Free

Faceted knowledge organization systems have sophisticated logical structures, making their representation as linked data a demanding task. The term facet is often used in ambiguous ways: while in thesauri facets only work as semantic categories, in classification schemes they also have syntactic functions. The need to convert the Integrative Levels Classification (ILC) into SKOS stimulated a more general analysis of the different kinds of syntactic facets, as can be represented in terms of RDF properties and their respective domain and range. A nomenclature is proposed, distinguishing between common facets, which can be appended to any class, that is, have an unrestricted domain; and special facets, which are exclusive to some class, that is, have a restricted domain. In both cases, foci can be taken from any other class (unrestricted range: free facets), or only from subclasses of an existing class (parallel facets), or be defined specifically for the present class (bound facets). Examples are given of such cases in ILC and in the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC).

Migrating a complex classification scheme to the semantic web: expressing the Integrative Levels Classification using SKOS RDF

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceri Binding ◽  
Claudio Gnoli ◽  
Douglas Tudhope
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Facet Structure ◽  
Simple Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Knowledge Organization System ◽  
Faceted Classification ◽  
Integrative Levels ◽  
Query Patterns

PurposeThe Integrative Levels Classification (ILC) is a comprehensive “freely faceted” knowledge organization system not previously expressed as SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization System). This paper reports and reflects on work converting the ILC to SKOS representation.Design/methodology/approachThe design of the ILC representation and the various steps in the conversion to SKOS are described and located within the context of previous work considering the representation of complex classification schemes in SKOS. Various issues and trade-offs emerging from the conversion are discussed. The conversion implementation employed the STELETO transformation tool.FindingsThe ILC conversion captures some of the ILC facet structure by a limited extension beyond the SKOS standard. SPARQL examples illustrate how this extension could be used to create faceted, compound descriptors when indexing or cataloguing. Basic query patterns are provided that might underpin search systems. Possible routes for reducing complexity are discussed.Originality/valueComplex classification schemes, such as the ILC, have features which are not straight forward to represent in SKOS and which extend beyond the functionality of the SKOS standard. The ILC's facet indicators are modelled as rdf:Property sub-hierarchies that accompany the SKOS RDF statements. The ILC's top-level fundamental facet relationships are modelled by extensions of the associative relationship – specialised sub-properties of skos:related. An approach for representing faceted compound descriptions in ILC and other faceted classification schemes is proposed.

Classification schemes in art libraries in the United Kingdom

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Currier
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Electronic Resource ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Discussion List ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Decimal Classification

Subject access to physical or electronic resource collections can be divided into two complementary areas: searching and browsing. Searching involves the use of subject headings, indexing terms from a controlled vocabulary, or natural language keywords. Browsing, whether along a shelf or through a subject tree on the Web, requires the application of some kind of taxonomy or classification scheme. This article looks at what class schemes art libraries are using to arrange their book collections in the UK today. Based on an informal survey via the ARLIS e-mail discussion list, it appears that the Dewey Decimal Classification is not only the most commonly used class scheme, but the one most art libraries choose when they reclassify their library.

scholarly journals A Rosid Is a Rosid Is a Rosid . . . or Not

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Green ◽  
Giles Martin
Keyword(s):  
Life Sciences ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Editorial Team ◽  
Editorial Office ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Angiosperm Phylogeny ◽  
Current Structure ◽  
Decimal Classification ◽  
Made In

The current structure of 583 Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons) and 584 Liliopsida (Monocotyledons) in the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system reflects changes made when the life sciences were thoroughly revised in 1996. Since that time, considerable progress has been made in the phylogenetic classification of angiosperms (flowering plants). In particular, APG III, the 2009 version of the classification developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, is finding use as a tool to organize both botanical information and botanical collections. The Dewey Editorial Office has received a request to revise 583–584 in light of this taxonomy ―as appropriate‖; relevant revisions would be likely to include both structural and terminological changes. In deciding how to provide accommodation for APG III, the Dewey editorial team must address many issues: Is APG III now stable enough and accepted broadly enough to be adopted as the basis for a major revision of the DDC? Should revisions in 583–584 be coordinated with parallel revisions in other parts of the life sciences? What revision strategies can be considered in revising 583-584 to accommodate APG III? What are their various strengths and weaknesses? How have other major classification schemes (e.g., the UDC) accommodated APG III? Discussion of these issues is guided by the principles (―editorial rules‖) that govern development of the DDC.

Electronic games classification in the library of congress and Dewey classification schemes: a comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed Salem ◽  
Ahmed Maher Khafaga Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Library Of Congress ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Electronic Games ◽  
Decimal Classification

Purpose The study aims to explore the classification of electronic games in Dewey decimal classification (DDC) and The Library of Congress classification (LCC) schemes. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted a comparative analytical method to explore the topic in both the DDC and the LCC schemes by comparing its processing method in both schemes. The study measures the extent to which both schemes succeed in allocating notations covering the topic’s literature. Findings The study reached several results, the most important of which are: the difference between the two main cognitive sections, to which they belong to the topic, namely, arts and recreation (700) in the DDC scheme and the geography section (G) in the LCC scheme, while they were found to share the same sub-section scheme. The two schemes do not allocate notations to address the subject of electronic games as literature and other notations that have not been embodied for electronic games themselves or in the form of a compact disc or other media. Originality/value As far as we know, this is the first paper that compares the treatment of video games in DDC and Library of Congress classification schemes. The study allows for understanding the difference in the treatment of topics in both schemes, which would help in the decision of the adoption of a particular classification scheme.

Dewey Decimal Classification: A Vigorous Nonagenarian

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 227-229
Author(s):  
James A. Tait
Keyword(s):  
Basic Problem ◽  
Editorial Policy ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Subject Classification ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Facet Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Nature ◽  
Decimal Classification ◽  
Policy Committee

THE FLAVOUR of the eigtheenth edition of the Dewey Decimal Classification can perhaps best be appreciated by a quotation from its preface: ‘The Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee hopes that this Edition 18 will prove to be a happy combination of the high principles of Edition 17 and the ease of use of Edition 16.’ This reference to ‘high’ principles might raise the eyebrows of the founder of the scheme. Ease of use he would heartily endorse. The high principles referred to are the concepts of subject integrity and the hierarchical nature of the schedules and the notation. These particular high principles were suddenly discovered by the editors of Edition 17, though they had been implicit in all classification schemes since 1876, with the exception of J. D. Brown's Subject Classification. In this country we would prefer to call subject integrity ‘classification by discipline’. In spite of this emphasis on classification by discipline, the conflict between this concept and the opposing one of ‘facet analysis’ which was present in previous editions is still present in Edition 18. The two processes work in opposite directions and the basic problem is to decide where classification by discipline should cease and facet analysis begin. Derek Austin, in a talk to the Cataloguing and Indexing Group of the Library Association in April 1967, pointed this out. For example, in 630 Agriculture the method of facet analysis is clearly at work. We have the energy facet stated at 631–632 under operations and problems in agriculture. The crop facet follows at 633–635, with the ability to qualify certain crops by operation and problem. This is pure facet analysis. But, as Austin points out, at 658 Management we find classification by discipline in operation:

scholarly journals Classifying the LOD cloud

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 06-10
Author(s):  
Daniel Martínez Ávila ◽  
Richard P. Smiraglia ◽  
Rick Szostak ◽  
Andrea Scharnhorst ◽  
Wouter Beek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linked Data ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Knowledge Graph ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Universal Decimal Classification ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Decimal Classification

Massive amounts of data from different contexts and producers are collected and connected relying often solely on statistical techniques. Problems to the acclaimed value of data lie in the precise definition of data and associated contexts as well as the problem that data are not always published in meaningful and open ways. The Linked Data paradigm offers a solution to the limitations of simple keywords by having unique, resolvable and shared identifiers instead of strings This paper reports on a three-year research project “Digging Into the Knowledge Graph,” funded as part of the 2016 Round Four Digging Into Data Challenge (https://diggingintodata.org/awards/2016/project/digging-knowledge-graph). Our project involves comparing terminology employed within the LOD cloud with terminology employed within two general but different KOSs – Universal Decimal Classification and Basic Concepts Classification. We are exploring whether these classifications can encourage greater consistency in LOD terminology and linking the largely distinct scholarly literatures that address LOD and KOSs. Our project is an attempt to connect the Linked Open Data community, which has tended to be centered in computer science, and the KO community, with members from linguistics, metaphysics, library and information science. We focus on the shared challenges related to Big Data between both communities.

scholarly journals Representação do conceito de mulher na Classificação Decimal Dewey (CDD) a na Classificação Decimal Universal (CDU): duas perspetivas sobre o mesmo conceito? | The representation of woman's concept in the Decimal Dewey Classification (DDC) and in the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC): two perspectives for the same concept?

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria da Graça Simões ◽  
Blanca Rodríguez Bravo ◽  
Olívia Pestana
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Universal Decimal Classification ◽  
Decimal Classification

RESUMO A dinâmica e a emergência de novos conhecimentos exige que se construam novos sistemas de organização de conhecimento e se revejam outros, para a sua localização e acesso. Nesse processo, as estruturas de organização do conhecimento assumem particular relevância como instrumentos eficazes de efetuar esses propósitos. Pela sua longevidade, destacam-se as classificações bibliográficas, entre as quais a Classificação Decimal de Dewey (CDD) e a Classificação Decimal Universal (CDU). Propõe-se como objetivo identificar como esses dois sistemas representam o conceito mulher e se tal pode ser considerado indicador de duas perspetivas sobre o mesmo conceito. Adotou-se uma abordagem qualitativa exploratória, baseada na revisão da literatura e análise comparativa da representação desse conceito nos dois sistemas considerados. Não se observam duas perspetivas diferentes em relação ao conceito mulher, os dois sistemas continuam a traduzir a mentalidade positivista na qual foram concebidas. É evidente a reduzida representatividade do conceito mulher nos dois sistemas de classificação no que se refere à exaustividade e à especificidade. Os dois sistemas refletem a noção de mulher num plano depreciativo e inferior à masculina, traduzindo o estereótipo tradicional.Palavras-chave: Mulher; Classificação Decimal Dewey (CDD); Classificação Decimal Universal (CDU).ABSTRACT The dynamics and emergence of new knowledge requires building new knowledge organization systems and reviewing others for the location and access of knowledege. In this process the structures of knowledge organization assume particular relevance, as effective instruments to accomplish these purposes. For its longevity, the bibliographical classifications stand out and among them particularly the Dewey Decimal Classification (CDD) and the Universal Decimal Classification (CDU). It is proposed to identify how these two systems represent the concept of woman and whether this can be considered as an indicator of two perspectives on the same concept. A qualitative exploratory approach was adopted, based on literature review and comparative analysis of the representation of this concept in the two systems considered. Two different perspectives are not observed in relation to the woman’s concept, because the two systems continue to translate the positivist mentality in which they were conceived. The low representativeness of the concept of woman in the two classification systems is evident with regard to exhaustivity and specificity. Both systems reflect the notion of woman in a depreciative and inferior plan to the masculine, translating the traditional stereotype.Keywords: Woman; Dewey Decimal Classification; Universal Decimal Classification.

scholarly journals Semantic Categories in Ideographic Dictionaries

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Sergey Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Semantic Category ◽  
Problem Situation ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Category Choice

The paper considers semantic categories presented in the ideographic discourse. Research material includes the information retrieval thesauruses reflecting scientific information activities and functional and ideographic dictionaries representing the discourse of training in writing school compositions and the epistolary discourse (letters of Russian writers). The author regards semantic categories as sign units (sign formations) whose content plane is general concepts, and denotation is various language (sign) means forming this general concepts. The article shows that semantic categories, as the result of categorization, reflect properties of the discourse - the functional and communicative field in which it appears, characteristics of the speech subject, character of the relation of the author of the text to its topic and to the addressee, interaction with the language code. The paper discusses the technique of semantic category choice, the formation of their list, their participation in creating the classification schemes of concepts, the opportunities of using ideographic dictionaries to solve linguistic and pedagogical tasks. The article provides the conclusions on the existence and nature of system communications of ideographic semantic categories with such cognitive aspects of the language as a problem situation in word using and understanding, classification of lexical units and concepts, psychology of thinking in language forms, specifics of extralinguistic factors in scientific and language activity in different private discourses.

Thesaurus and subject heading lists as Linked Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everton Rodrigues Barbosa ◽  
Moisés Lima Dutra ◽  
Angel Freddy Godoy Viera ◽  
Douglas Dyllon Jeronimo de Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Conversion Process ◽  
Controlled Vocabularies ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems ◽  
Subject Headings ◽  
Data Environment ◽  
Type Of Institution

Abstract Most libraries put a lot of effort into developing subject headings or thesauri, which are used to index and retrieve information. Nevertheless, in the library field, controlled vocabularies are associated to authority records as authority files. In order to become findable by search engines, these authority files should be modelled on semantic vocabularies. This research proposes an authority-record conversion process for publishing thesauri and subject headings as linked data, by using the Simple Knowledge Organization Systems data model. To this purpose, we undertook a bibliographic and documentary research on the World Wide Web Consortium recommendation guidelines, which were used to produce a set of procedures and technologies to support the conversion proposal. This research provides evidences that controlled vocabularies are an important resource for improving information retrieval on the web. The proposed conversion process works as a quick guide for controlled vocabulary integration and reuse among users and systems on the linked data environment. Although the proposal was originally intended for a library setting, it can be applied and tested in another type of institution, such as documentation centres, museums, or cultural heritage archives. It can also be used in other linked open data projects.

scholarly journals Linked Data Meets Big Data: A Knowledge Organization Systems Perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Shiri
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Knowledge Organization Systems

The objective of this paper is a) to provide a conceptualanalysis of the term big data and b) to introduce linked dataapplications such as SKOS-based knowledge organizationsystems as new tools for the analysis, organization, representation, visualization and access to big data.

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