Getting Lipids for Biodiesel Production from Oleaginous Fungi

Biodiesel involves the mixture of fatty acyl methyl/ethyl esters, produced from transesterification neutral lipids and if the origin of the source is from oleaginous micro organisms, then it is termed as micro diesel. In the present work, aiming to exploit fungi for biodiesel production, 12 fungal isolates were screened for lipid content by Sudan Black B staining method. Among 12 isolates, lipid rich five species viz, Mortierella alpina , M.ramanianna, M.vinancea, M.hyalina and M.verticella have been taken for fatty acids analysis by spectrophotometry, which revealed that the amount of free fatty acids were ranged from highest in M.alpina 35 ?moles of Oleic acid , 25 ?moles of Palmitic acid and 14 ?moles of Myristic acids to lower as much as 21 ?moles of Oleic acid , 18 ?moles of Palmitic acid and 16 ?moles of Myristic acids respectively in M.ramanianna. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v6i1.5721

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Production of chitosan and lipids from a newly isolated Mucor circinelloides

10.51415/10321/3183 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Johnson Tungamirai Zininga

Keyword(s):

Sunflower Oil ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Lipid Production ◽

Cetane Number ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Mucor Circinelloides ◽

Acid Number ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Oleaginous Fungi ◽

Enhanced Production

Filamentous fungi are well-known sources of a wide variety of industrially-useful biomolecules. This study demonstrates the applicability of a newly isolated oleaginous fungi Mucor circinelloides ZSKP for lipid and chitosan production. Parameters affecting co-production were identified and were statistically optimized, which resulted in a 3–fold improvement in lipid production. The lipid profile showed a high content of unsaturated fatty acids including oleic, linolenic and linoleic acids, while palmitic acid was the major saturated fatty acid (21%). A comparative study to evaluate the efficacy of enzymatic and chemical treatments for biodiesel production from fungal lipids and sunflower oil revealed slightly enhanced production of biodiesel from fungal lipids, using a commercial lipase. The biodiesel synthesized using lipids from M. circinelloides ZSKP satisfied standard specifications and had a higher cetane number (56), lower kinematic viscosity (4.6 mm2/s) and lower acid number (0.03) compared to sunflower oil. Upon optimizing chitosan production and extraction processes the chitosan production was improved 2-fold. The fungal chitosan showed antimicrobial properties and was more effective against Aspergillus niger A chitosan spray was developed which was able to increase the shelf life of fresh fruit produce. These results indicate that Mucor circinelloides ZSKP is a promising candidate for concurrent production of lipids and the versatile bio-polymer chitosan.

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Aspergillus caespitosus ASEF14, an oleaginous fungus as a potential candidate for biodiesel production using sago processing wastewater (SWW)

Microbial Cell Factories ◽

10.1186/s12934-021-01667-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Naganandhini Srinivasan ◽

Kiruthika Thangavelu ◽

Ashika Sekar ◽

B. Sanjeev ◽

Sivakumar Uthandi

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Lipid Accumulation ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Oleaginous Fungi ◽

Biodiesel Standards ◽

Fungal Oil

Abstract Background Oleaginous microorganisms are sustainable alternatives for the production of biodiesel. Among them, oleaginous fungi are known for their rapid growth, short life cycles, no light requirement, easy scalability, and the ability to grow in cheap organic resources. Among all the sources used for biodiesel production, industrial wastewater streams have been least explored. We used oleaginous fungi to decontaminate sago processing wastewater and produce biodiesel. Results Among the 15 isolates screened for lipid production and starch utilization using the Nile red staining assay and amylase plate screening, three isolates accumulated > 20% (w/w) of their dry cell mass as lipids. The isolate ASEF14 exhibited the highest lipid accumulation (> 40%) and was identified as Aspergillus caespitosus based on the 28S rRNA gene sequencing. The maximum lipid content of 54.4% in synthetic medium (SM) and 37.2% in sago processing wastewater (SWW) was produced by the strain. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of the fungal oil revealed the presence of functional peaks corresponding to major lipids. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the FTIR data revealed major changes in the fatty acid composition during the transition from the growth phase (Days 1–3) to the lipid accumulation phase (Days 4–7). The fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) analysis of fungal oil from SWW contained 43.82% and 9.62% of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, respectively. The composition and percentage of individual FAME derived from SWW were different from SM, indicating the effect of nutrient and fermentation time. The fuel attributes of the SM- and SWW-grown fungal biodiesel (kinematic viscosity, iodine value, cetane number, cloud and pour point, linolenic acid content, FA > 4 double bonds) met international (ASTM D6751, EN 14214) and national (IS 15607) biodiesel standards. In addition to biodiesel production, the strain removed various contaminants such as total solids (TS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and cyanide up to 58.6%, 53.0%, 35.2%, 94.5%, 89.3%, 91.3%, 74.0%, 47.0%, and 53.84%, respectively, from SWW. Conclusion These findings suggested that A. caespitosus ASEF14 is a potential candidate with high lipid accumulating ability (37.27%), capable of using SWW as the primary growth medium. The medium and incubation time alter the FAME profile of this fungus. The physical properties of fungal oil were in accordance with the biodiesel standards. Moreover, it decontaminated SWW by reducing several polluting nutrients and toxicants. The fungal biodiesel produced by this cost-effective method could serve as an alternate path to meet global energy demand.

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Sustainable biodiesel production through bioconversion of lignocellulosic wastewater by oleaginous fungi

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery ◽

10.1007/s13399-014-0128-4 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 215-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

G. Venkata Subhash ◽

S. Venkata Mohan

Keyword(s):

Biodiesel Production ◽

Oleaginous Fungi

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Potential Assessment of Oleaginous Fungi for Sustainable Biodiesel Production: Screening, Identification and Lipid Production Optimization

10.21203/rs.3.rs-127210/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ghada Youssef ◽

Ahmed Elrefaey ◽

Samy El-Assar

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Aspergillus Terreus ◽

Total Concentration ◽

Lipid Production ◽

Production Optimization ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Gas Chromatograph ◽

Oleaginous Fungi

Abstract The present work, aiming to exploit oleaginous fungi for biodiesel production. Ten fungal strains were isolated from two petroleum polluted soil samples and screened for their abilities to accumulate lipid. Lipid rich three species viz, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus were found to be the highest lipid producers. Potential isolates were identified at the species level by morphological (macroscopic and microscopic) examination and molecularly confirmed by using 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Improvement of lipid accumulation by optimization of various parameters of culture conditions. The results reported clearly that the most suitable medium conditions for highest lipid production (38.33%) of Aspergillus terreus as the most potent lipid producer composed of 5% sucrose, 0.5 g/L ammonium nitrate with initial pH 6.0, after seven days of incubation in a static condition. The three promising fungal isolates have been taken for fatty acids analysis by gas chromatograph (GC) after transesterification. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) profile indicated the presence of higher saturated fatty acid fractions compared to polyunsaturated fatty acids. The total concentration of fatty acids was 107.98, 38.29, and 37.48 mg/100g of lipid accumulated by A. terreus, A. niger and A. flavus, respectively. Gas chromatograph analysis of A. terreus lipid indicated that oleic acid (C18:1, 18.51%) was the most abundant fatty acid, followed by stearic acid (C18:0, 15.91%) and Myristic acid (C14:0, 14.64%), respectively. Therefore, fatty acid profile of A. terreus has confirmed its potentiality as feedstock for producing lipid for biodiesel manufacturing.

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