scholarly journals Recovery from Diffuse Brain Injuries: Two Case Studies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro E. Brice ◽  
Roanne G. Brice
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Diffuse Brain

scholarly journals Adapting Intervention Approaches to New Contexts: Three Case Studies of International Adaptation of the Teen Online Problem Solving (TOPS) Program

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari L Wade ◽  
Kelly Jones ◽  
claudia corti ◽  
Anna Adlam ◽  
Jennifer Limond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Drinking Age ◽  
And Behavior

Purpose/Objective: To describe the process of adapting the evidence-based Teen Online Problem Solving (TOPS) program, a telehealth problem-solving treatment addressing executive function and behavior regulation challenges in adolescents with traumatic brain injury, in Italy, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. Research Method/Design: We describe the process of adapting and translating the TOPS program in three case studies with unique methods and samples. In Italy, 14 parents of adolescents with TBI participated in focus groups and two adolescents with TBI and their parents and two physicians provided input on the resulting translation. In New Zealand, an independent Māori cultural advisor reviewed the content, and six adolescent-parent dyads and two health professionals completed the 10 modules independently over a five-week period to inform adaptation. In the United Kingdom, a team of neuropsychologists and a parent of an adolescent with ABI reviewed and adapted the content through successive iterations. Results: In Italy, suggested changes included greater emphasis on nonverbal communication and clearer examples of inappropriate problem-solving responses. In New Zealand, parents and adolescents rated the program as acceptable and helpful. Suggestions included incorporating familiar Māori settings, integrating religion, and developing videos with New Zealand adolescents. In the United Kingdom, iterative refinements focused on adapting TOPS for other acquired brain injuries and reflecting cross-national differences (e.g., drinking age). Conclusions/Implications: These three case studies suggest that programs such as TOPS developed in one cultural context can be broadly acceptable in other contexts, with adaptations focusing on tailoring to reflect the unique cultural and linguistic setting.

scholarly journals Development of a Methodology for Simulating Complex Head Impacts With the Advanced Combat Helmet

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Mark Begonia ◽  
Tyler Rooks ◽  
Frank A Pintar ◽  
Narayan Yoganandan
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Complex Loading ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Head Motion ◽  
Computational Results ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Blunt Impact ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Athletic Equipment ◽  
Diffuse Brain

Abstract Blunt impact assessment of the Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH) is currently based on the linear head response. The current study presents a methodology for testing the ACH under complex loading that generates linear and rotational head motion. Experiments were performed on a guided, free-fall drop tower using an instrumented National Operating Committee for Standards on Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) head attached to a Hybrid III (HIII) or EuroSID-2 (ES-2) dummy neck and carriage. Rear and lateral impacts occurred at 3.0 m/s with peak linear accelerations (PLA) and peak rotational accelerations (PRA) measured at the NOCSAE head center-of-gravity. Experimental data served as inputs for the Simulated Injury Monitor (SIMon) computational model to estimate brain strain. Rear ACH impacts had 22% and 7% higher PLA and PRA when using the HIII neck versus the ES-2 neck. Lateral ACH impacts had 33% and 35% lower PLA and PRA when using HIII neck versus the ES-2 neck. Computational results showed that total estimated brain strain increased by 25% and 76% under rear and lateral ACH impacts when using the ES-2 neck. This methodology was developed to simulate complex ACH impacts involving the rotational head motion associated with diffuse brain injuries, including concussion, in military environments.

Prognostic Factors in Children with Severe Diffuse Brain Injuries: A Study of 74 Patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shibu Pillai ◽  
S.S. Praharaj ◽  
A. Mohanty ◽  
V.R. Sastry Kolluri
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Diffuse Brain

Early ischaemia after severe head injury preliminary results in patients with diffuse brain injuries

1993 ◽  
Vol 122 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 204-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sahuquillo ◽  
M. A. Poca ◽  
A. Garnacho ◽  
A. Robles ◽  
F. Coello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Diffuse Brain

Rotational Acceleration Duration Affects Brain Strains in Lateral Impact

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianrong Li ◽  
Jiangyue Zhang ◽  
Narayan Yoganandan ◽  
Frank A. Pintar ◽  
Thomas A. Gennarelli
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Diffuse Brain Injury ◽  
Diffuse Brain

Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of disability and fatality in the United States. Approximately two million traumatic brain injury cases occur every year [1]. Motor vehicle crashes are a primary source [2]. Both clinical and laboratory studies have been conducted to understand injury mechanisms and establish injury thresholds [3, 4]. Physical models have also been used to investigate injury biomechanics [5, 6]. Angular acceleration is considered as a major cause of diffuse brain injuries (DBI) [7, 8], while the angular velocity is chosen as a suitable load descriptor for a diffuse brain injury criterion [4]. The present study is focused on the effect of angular acceleration duration on brain strains due to lateral impact.

Neuropsychological results versus prognosis factors - 64 patients with diffuse brain injuries

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 474-476
Author(s):  
N. Sichez-Auclair ◽  
J. P. Sichez
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Prognosis Factors ◽  
Diffuse Brain

scholarly journals Doctrine of head injury sequelae

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Likhterman
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Skull Defects ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Carotid Cavernous Fistulas ◽  
Radiological Grading ◽  
Diffuse Brain

In this article, we provide the definitions of “sequelae” and “complications” of traumatic brain injury (TBI). We have developed the classification principles for TBI consequences and described their clinical forms and morphological substrates. We also provide a radiological grading for assessing the severity of sequelae of focal and diffuse brain injuries. The article covers conceptual approaches, technologies, and results of their application related to leading surgically significant consequences of TBI, including carotid cavernous fistulas, chronic subdural hematomas, post-traumatic hydrocephalus, long-term basal liquorrhea, and skull defects. We have developed the doctrine of sequelae of TBI.

Relation between extracellular Chemistry and Patient Outcome for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury within the First 24 hours: A Microdialysis Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Yutaka Igarashi ◽  
Shoji Yokobori ◽  
Hidetaka Onda ◽  
Tomohiko Masuno ◽  
Hiroyuki Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Intracerebral Microdialysis ◽  
Focal Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Tbi ◽  
Microdialysis Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diffuse Brain

Abstract Object Many studies have reported that extracellular chemistry is related to the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). No study has reported that extracellular chemistry predicts outcome in less than 3 days. Moreover, in other studies, both focal brain and diffuse brain injuries have been often discussed. The authors focused on the relationship between extracellular chemistry in a shorter period and the outcome of patients with focal brain injury. Methods By using intracerebral microdialysis monitoring, extracellular fluid concentrations of glucose, lactate, glycerol, glutamate, lactate/pyruvate (L/P), and lactate/glucose (L/G) were determined in 30 patients with severe TBI for initial 24 hours. The results were analyzed between favorable and unfavorable, and between survival and mortality. Results The medians of glycerol and L/P in the favorable group were significantly lower than those in the unfavorable group (124 µmol/L vs. 808 µmol/L, p = 0.002; 31 vs. 48, p = 0.021, respectively). All parameters apart from glutamate differed significantly between the survival and mortality groups (glucose, 25 mmol/L vs. 77 mmol/L, p = 0.035; lactate, 38 mmol/L vs. 73 mmol/L, p = 0.018; glycerol, 168 µmol/L vs. 1462 µmol/L, p = 0.002; glutamate, 14 µmol/L vs. 95 µmol/L, p = 0.019; L/P, 32 vs. 124, p < 0.001; L/G, 1.46 vs. 4.52, p = 0.004). Conclusion Cerebral extracellular glycerol and L/P was the most reliable predictor of outcomes in patients with focal brain injury and can discriminate between favorable and unfavorable outcomes for the first 24 hours, using the threshold of 200 and 40, respectively.

scholarly journals Qualitative case studies of professional-level workers with traumatic brain injuries: A contextual approach to job accommodation and retention

Work ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Roessler ◽  
Phillip D. Rumrill ◽  
Stuart P. Rumrill ◽  
Deborah L. Minton ◽  
Deborah J. Hendricks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
Job Accommodation

Corporate Sustainability: Challenge to Managerial Orthodoxies

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexter Dunphy
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Sustainability Management

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the issue of corporate sustainability. It examines why achieving sustainability is becoming an increasingly vital issue for society and organisations, defines sustainability and then outlines a set of phases through which organisations can move to achieve increasing levels of sustainability. Case studies are presented of organisations at various phases indicating the benefits, for the organisation and its stakeholders, which can be made at each phase. Finally the paper argues that there is a marked contrast between the two competing philosophies of neo-conservatism (economic rationalism) and the emerging philosophy of sustainability. Management schools have been strongly influenced by economic rationalism, which underpins the traditional orthodoxies presented in such schools. Sustainability represents an urgent challenge for management schools to rethink these traditional orthodoxies and give sustainability a central place in the curriculum.

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