scholarly journals Remodeling of Phenotype CD16 + CD11b + Neutrophilic Granulocytes in Acute Viral and Acute Bacterial Infections

Neutrophils ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Nesterova ◽  
Galina A. Chudilova ◽  
Svetlana V. Kovaleva ◽  
Lyudmila V. Lomtatidze ◽  
Tatyana V. Rusinova
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Neutrophilic Granulocytes ◽  
Acute Bacterial Infections

Development of Peptides that Inhibit Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes and β-Lactamases for Control of Resistant Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1011-1026
Author(s):  
Bruna O. Costa ◽  
Marlon H. Cardoso ◽  
Octávio L. Franco
Keyword(s):  
Drug Target ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Target Interaction ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria ◽  
Acute Bacterial Infections

: Aminoglycosides and β-lactams are the most commonly used antimicrobial agents in clinical practice. This occurs because they are capable of acting in the treatment of acute bacterial infections. However, the effectiveness of antibiotics has been constantly threatened due to bacterial pathogens producing resistance enzymes. Among them, the aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) and β-lactamase enzymes are the most frequently reported resistance mechanisms. AMEs can inactivate aminoglycosides by adding specific chemical molecules in the compound, whereas β-lactamases hydrolyze the β-lactams ring, preventing drug-target interaction. Thus, these enzymes provide a scenario of multidrug-resistance and a significant threat to public health at a global level. In response to this challenge, in recent decades, several studies have focused on the development of inhibitors that can restore aminoglycosides and β-lactams activity. In this context, peptides appear as a promising approach in the field of inhibitors for future antibacterial therapies, as multiresistant bacteria may be susceptible to these molecules. Therefore, this review focused on the most recent findings related to peptide-based inhibitors that act on AMEs and β-lactamases, and how these molecules could be used for future treatment strategies.

scholarly journals EVALUATING THE ETIOLOGY AND DISEASE SPECIFIC CLINICAL PROFILES OF ACUTE UNDIFFERENTIATED FEBRILE ILLNESS

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Prasad ◽  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Raj Kumar Deepak ◽  
Mahendra Kumar ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Clinical Profiles ◽  
Acute Bacterial Infections ◽  
Typhus Fever ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Disease Specific

Background: To evaluate the etiology and disease specific clinical profiles of acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) in Medicine Department of Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Bettiah, W. Champaran, Bihar. Methods: This 1 year prospective, observational study was conducted in Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Bettiah, Bihar from October 2019 to September 2020 in 150 patients. Clinical evaluation and relevant investigations like Blood culture; malarial parasites and febrile serology (acute and convalescent) were performed. Results and Observation: A total of 150 AUFI patients were evaluated: scrub typhus (19); malaria (3); enteric fever (2); dengue (11); leptospirosis (19); hantavirus (1), acute bacterial infections (14), HIV (1), hepatitis (1), and unclear diagnoses (79). Conclusion: This study reports discovery of dengue, typhus fever, leptospirosis, and rare disease like Hanta and more number undiagnosed cases ranging from 15% to 42% in local community. This shows that further research is required in identifying the etiology of undifferentiated fevers.

scholarly journals Chemokine Patterns in Children with Acute Bacterial Infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 338-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Cavalcanti ◽  
L. C. Torres ◽  
M. C. da Matta ◽  
C. D. Lindoso ◽  
L. N. A. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Acute Bacterial Infections

scholarly journals Granulocytopoiesis. II. Emergence and Pattern of Labeling of Neutrophilic Granulocytes in Humans

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. FLIEDNER ◽  
E. P. CRONKITE ◽  
S. Å. KILLMANN ◽  
V. P. BOND
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Neutrophilic Granulocytes ◽  
Constant Input ◽  
State Equilibrium ◽  
Nuclear Maturation ◽  
Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Sample Interval ◽  
Cytoplasmic Maturation

Abstract 1. Following administration of H3-thymidine to 15 patients with a variety of hemopoietic conditions, the emergence and the pattern of labeling of neutrophilic granulocytes were studied in peripheral blood leukocytic concentrates. The hematologic diagnosis included five in which the hemopoiesis appeared to be in a steady state equilibrium at the time of study, three with various types of leukemia, one with lymphosarcoma, two with multiple myeloma, one with myelofibrosis, two with pernicious anemia (once before and once after therapy) and two with bacterial infections. 2. The emergence time of neutrophilic segmented granulocytes (time from H3-thymidine injection to the first appearance of labeled segmented forms in the peripheral blood) was found to vary in steady state equilibrium from 96 to 144 hours. It was shortened to 48 hours in two instances with bacterial infection. This was interpreted as indicating a faster than normal nuclear maturation with normal or delayed cytoplasmic maturation (dissociation in nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation). 3. The number of segments of neutrophilic granulocytes was found to be unrelated to cell age as had been hypothesized by Arneth many years ago. However, bandforms were found in the circulation about 24 hours earlier than segmented forms, suggesting that they are younger and that some are acceptable to the blood while others continue to mature to segmented forms. Pelgeroid cells with round or bilobed nuclei found in one case of subleukemic myelocytic leukemia were found to emerge simultaneously 132 hours after H3-thymidine injection. This suggests that both types are identical in their degree of maturation. Thus the cells with round nuclei are not band forms but result possibly from a delayed nuclear maturation. 4. In patients studied for at least 2 weeks, characteristic undulations of the labeling indices of the segmented granulocytes were found. If the sampling intervals were 24 hours, peaks were found 6 days apart, the second peak being about half of the labeling index of the first. If the sample interval was shorter, a finer structure was observed with undulations showing peak intervals of 2-3 days. Although the significance is obscure at present, the constancy of the findings suggest that there may be a constant input of cells with the index of labeling varying due to some synchrony of the precursor population(s). Alternative explanations are discussed.

scholarly journals Serum and Lung Pharmacokinetics of ASN100, a Monoclonal Antibody Combination for the Prevention and Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S310-S310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltan Magyarics ◽  
Fraser Leslie ◽  
Steven A Luperchio ◽  
Johann Bartko ◽  
Christian Schörgenhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Acute Bacterial Infections

Abstract Background Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are well-suited for the prevention and treatment of acute bacterial infections. ASN100 is a combination of two fully human IgG1 mAbs, ASN-1 and ASN-2 that together neutralize six Staphylococcus aureus cytotoxins, alpha-hemolysin (Hla) and five leukocidins (HlgAB, HlgCB, LukED, LukSF [PVL] and LukGH) that are important in the pathogenesis of S. Aureus pneumonia. We aimed to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of ASN100 in both serum and lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF) in male and female healthy volunteers. Methods The safety, tolerability, and serum and lung PK of single intravenous infusion of ASN100 was evaluated in a Phase 1 study. Eight subjects (3:1 randomization) in two double-blind cohorts received ASN100 (doses of 3600 mg or 8000 mg) or placebo. ASN-1 and ASN-2 were administered in a fixed dose 1:1 ratio. Twelve subjects received ASN100 open-label at doses of 3600 mg or 8000 mg and each underwent two bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid collections either on days 1 and 30 or on days 2 and 8 post-dosing. ASN-1 and ASN-2 concentrations were determined by ELISA. The ELF concentrations were normalized based on urea concentrations in serum and BAL fluid. Results No dose limiting toxicity was observed. Adverse events (AEs) showed no association of increased incidence with higher dose. All AEs were mild or moderate in severity, with 83.3% of subjects receiving ASN100 reporting at least one AE vs. 100% of placebo subjects. A dose proportional increase in serum peak and exposure (AUC) of ASN-1 and ASN-2 was observed and the serum PK of ASN-1 and ASN-2 were comparable (approximate half-life of each antibody was 3 weeks). Penetration of ASN-1 and ASN-2 into the ELF of the lung was observed at the first post-dose time point of 24 hours, peak concentrations were observed after day 2 and the mAbs remained detectable at day 30. Conclusion ASN100 was safe and well tolerated at doses up to 8000 mg (4000 mg ASN-1 and 4000 mg ASN-2). The PK profiles of ASN-1 and ASN-2 were comparable following simultaneous administration. Significant lung concentrations of each mAb were demonstrated between day 1 and 30 post-dosing. These data support continued clinical development of ASN100 for the prevention and treatment of S. Aureus pneumonia. Disclosures Z. Magyarics, Arsanis Biosciences GmbH: Employee, Salary. Arsanis, Inc.: Shareholder, Share options. F. Leslie, Arsanis., Inc.: Employee and Shareholder, Salary. S. A. Luperchio, Arsanis Inc.: Employee and Shareholder, Salary. B. Jilma, Arsanis Biosciences GmbH: Investigator, Investigator fee. C. Stevens, Arsanis Inc.: Employee and Shareholder, Salary.E. Nagy, Arsanis: Employee and Shareholder, Salary.

Anti-M in children with acute bacterial infections

Transfusion ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
YS Kao ◽  
S Frank ◽  
DS Jongh
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Acute Bacterial Infections

Impaired Neutrophil Locomotion during Acute Bacterial Infections

1980 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Althaus ◽  
H.U. Keller ◽  
M.W. Hess ◽  
H. Cottier
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Acute Bacterial Infections
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