scholarly journals Emotional Eating and Obesity

Author(s):  
Ignacio Jáuregui-Lobera ◽  
Marian Montes-Martínez

The first time that terms such as food addiction and addictive eating were mentioned was in 1956, in an article by T.G. Randolph. Recently, from a psychosomatic point of view, some authors have linked obesity and food addiction. Along with the concept of food addiction (derived from the similarities between the consumption of certain foods and “substance addictions”), a couple of questions seem to arise: What if it’s not just the particular food (the substance) that we are addicted to? Could it be that we are addicted to something else that makes us eat it? Thus, the concept of eating addiction has its own set of particulars. It brings the attention back to the individual and not the external substance (the food or ingredient). The focus on confronting the obesity problem should be moved away from the food itself (the addictive substance) to the person’s act of eating (the addictive behavior). Undoubtedly, there are many links between emotions and overweight/obesity. This chapter aims to review the current state of this field of study which is the emotional basis of obesity (at least a particular case of obesity and weight-related disorders).

2018 ◽  
pp. 48-83
Author(s):  
Corey Kai Nelson Schultz

Chapter 2 examines the representation of the figure of the peasant and its contemporary incarnation as migrant workers (mingong). It analyzes the structures of feeling of empathy and hope that concretize around the mingong figure in these films, but also explores the sense of precariousness related to this figure in the more recent films, and how the figure has been made subaltern, wretched, and rootless. It examines two cinematic forms associated with this figure – the point-of-view (POV) shot and the observational shot – positing that the POV evokes empathy while the observational shot creates sympathy. Then, it focuses on the mingong mass that replaces the individual mingong, arguing that the mingong have been commodified and made expendable. It concludes with a cinematic form associated with this group – the mingong gaze, which exists as a reminder, watching and, in its presence, remaining, demanding that the viewer acknowledge the mingong and their current state.


1963 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin R. Gluck

Many psychologists who undertake consultation activities for the first time may ignore, or not even be aware of, the “administrative” or sociological aspects of the situation in which the consultation process takes place. The point of view presented here is that the structure of a school system using a mental health consultant is intimately related to how the consultant operates and what he does in his role as consultant. The Superintendent, Principals and Vice-Principals all determine the areas in which the consultant can work, the types of problems with which he will be asked to help, and the possible range of activities school personnel themselves can undertake to deal with the pupil problems confronting them. Specific examples of the interactions between the consultant's role and the authority-responsibility level of the individual consultees are presented. The consultant's knowledge of any organization's structure can aid him in planning for consultative activities that are appropriate to the personnel with whom he is working.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.5) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Ismailova ◽  
S. V. Kosikov ◽  
V. E. Wolfengagen ◽  
J. V. Mazurova

The paper considers the problem of conceptual modeling of the domains, in which a large number of changes takes place, possesses a number of specific features. Some of the features are connected to the nature of the ongoing changes. The problem becomes severe when the domain contains a large quantity of independently acting agents that can produce changes in various parts of the model, the sets of interrelated data being changed by different agents independently.Besides that, when supporting the dynamic nature models the possibilities of future changes in model objects might largely be deter- mined not only by their current state, but also by the past state - history of the objects in the model. The support to such history inside the current state of the object can be difficult, cumbersome or impractical for other reasons, which also stimulates the search for new ap- proaches to ensure the map of the changes of objects in the domain model.It is offered to receive the decision by single out the individual information identities, that can be called state trajectories from the con- ceptual point of view and object traces from the implementation point of view. They represent a sequence of changes in the state of mod- el objects essential for its support. The traces can fix not all changes of the corresponding objects, but only those which have an influence on the further behavior of the model. Various ways of supporting of traces are considered. The paper presents an approach to the deter- mination and the support to the traces, based on using a combination of methods of the intensional logic and applicative computational systems. 


Author(s):  
Sevinj Seyidova

The article analyzes the chamber-instrumental work of Jalal Abbasov, a brilliant representative of the modern Azerbaijani school of composition, in particular, ‘Munajat-I’. It also looks at the work of Jalal Abbasov against the background of the development of Azerbaijani music culture and explores the genre diversity of chamber-instrumental works. In addition, the study highlights the form and content, music, and harmonic language in the composer’s chamber-instrumental works, especially in the work ‘Munajat-I’. The article emphasizes the peculiar stylistic features of Jalal Abbasov’s chamber-instrumental work, its connection with musical folklore, and its tendency to modernity based on traditions. The purpose of the research is to analyze the work of Jalal Abbasov ‘Munajat’ and to study the individual stylistic features of the composer. The main features are the emergence of the characteristic features of the composer’s chamber-instrumental work and its special importance in the development of modern Azerbaijani musical culture. The basis of the research is the involvement of J. Abbasov, a worthy representative of the modern generation of Azerbaijani composers, in the detailed research work of the work ‘Munajat-I’, which has not been subjected to scientific and theoretical analysis. From this point of view, the research is based on the method of complex theoretical analysis. The research methodology is based on music-analytical, theoretical, and historical analysis. It was noted that the composer’s personal style has improved in the process of development, modern innovative ideas, modern technical methods have been used uniquely in the diversity of genres. At the same time, based on the scientific-theoretical principles and research of Azerbaijani musicologists, the article forms the methodological basis. The scientific novelty of the research is that the article, presented for the first time as special research work, is based on manuscripts dedicated to the chamber-instrumental work of the representative of the modern school of the composition of Azerbaijan J. Abbasov and the features of ‘Munajat-I’. For the first time in the presented article, the work "Munajat", which is important in the work of J. Abbasov, but has not been studied so far, has been scientifically analyzed. Conclusions. The comprehensive analysis of Jalal Abbasov’s chamber-instrumental work, especially ‘Munajat-I’ in the presented article, allows us to draw important conclusions about the features of the composer’s personal style. An important feature of the composer's chamber-instrumental works, distinguished by their original creative style, is the richness and deep content of the musical language. It was noted that J. Abbasov, who organically combined nationalism and modernity in his works, expressed his deep philosophical thoughts with high demand and seriousness. From this point of view, the elements of national music in the composer’s works with a bright content and individual style are expressed by the features of modern writing techniques. It was noted that the philosophical, rich imagery, deep meaning, and thoughtful thoughts characteristic of the composer’s work are reflected in his chamber-instrumental works, including ‘Munajat-I’. That is why the works of J. Abbasov have been successfully performed not only in his native Azerbaijan but also in many foreign countries and have successfully represented our modern school of composition. Jalal Abbasov is currently living in the period of the wisdom of his work, enriching Azerbaijani music by creating new modern works.


2021 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
R. F. Hrynyuk ◽  
Yu. V. Hotsuliak

The article researches the peculiarities of the social contract theory influence on the philosophical foundations of legal science. The author analyzes the classical doctrines of T. Hobbes, J. Locke, J.-J. Rousseau, who created the theory of social contract, the article substantiates the influence of this theory on the interpretation of certain legal principles, the function of law and the initial legal origins. It is studied the nature of the legal compromise between public and state legal principles. It is stated the scientific position that the contract as a legal attribute and negotiability as a legal property of the person are the order ontological foundations (instead of simply a civil category). T. Hobbes's theory of the social contract defends the position that the renunciation and transfer of absolute freedom and absolute "right to everything" is a transition from the individual to the general legal state of society, which makes it possible to answer questions about internal legal formation and human development as a legal entity. Locke demonstrates the concentration of legal meanings not in supernatural principles, but in man himself, since it is a person who is the source of legal potential. According to the position of J. Locke, individuals are endowed with equal freedom and as a consequence, equality in the perception of each other without any renunciation, and thus, are capable of legal compromise. Therefore J. Locke's theory of social contract allows to doctrinally substantiate key legal principles as innate integral legal attributes of human existence. The theory of social contract makes it possible to look at the nature of power, as well as communication between the sovereign and the people from a purely legal and anthropological point of view, to distinguish their logic unlike the theological approach and its principle of «given». Order as a key legal characteristic is revealed through bargaining power as the ability to obey established requirements. This theory for the first time reveals some inalienable legal meanings: the legal capacity of legal consciousness, mutual restraint, subjugation, generality.


Author(s):  
N. M. Kaptalan

In the conditions of modern social and social transformations, various manifestations of addictive behavior, such as alcoholism, drug addiction, gambling, eating disorders and others, have significantly increased.The article is devoted to the analysis of the state of development of the problem of dependent behavior of the individual and the selection of the main socio-personal determinants of this phenomenon. It is shown that the specifics of modern social life of the individual, psycho-emotional loads, incomplete and individual problems and other aspects of subjective space provoke states of internal tension and discomfort, significantly increase the constant psychological pressure felt by the subject, which is realized in violations eating behavior. The purpose of the article is to consider the main approaches to dependent personality behavior In today’s world, the problem of addictive behavior is one of the most difficult and difficult for society. It is extremely important for every state to have such a community, which would consist of people who are developed, intelligent, have goals and understand how to achieve them. Summarizing the scientific material on different types of addictive behavior, we can, firstly, divide them into socially acceptable and socially unacceptable types, and secondly, chemical and non-chemical, noting that food addiction occupies an intermediate place. Analyzing the existing scientific material, we can say that addictive behavior is not only a purely medical, but also a social and cultural problem of modern society.


2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (33) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Marzanna Farnicka ◽  
Jonathan Chumas

Over 40 years ago the French Research Committee on Violence, Crime and Delinquency published a document that contained current analyses on the occurrence of social problems and their determinants, as well as guidelines to reduce risks and reduce the sense of threat and insecurity in modern society. The document became the basis for the reflection on public debate on violence in international communities and psychological practice against violence in both interpersonal and wider social relations. The combination of the individual and the social perspective gives a chance to criticise and rethink the guidelines suggested by the Committee from the point of view of such issues as community responsibility, individual rights and the current state in psychological and social care against violence. Special attention was paid to ten recommendations.


Author(s):  
Yulia Furdui ◽  
Оlena Yehorova

The purpose of this article is to identify the individual-style features and genre characteristics of romantic fantasy for the academic professional guitar. The methods of the research are based by investigator on the application of a comprehensive approach, namely: evolutionary and historical methods – in the disclosure of the processes of formation and subsequent evolution of the genre under study; analytical – in the study of different genre literature, concerning the chosen problem and others. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that fantasies for F. Tarrega’s guitar is analyzed by researcher for the first time. On their example, the individual-style features of the fantasy genre are revealed by scholar. Conclusions. In the course of the work, the genre characteristics of F. Tarrega’s romantic fantasy were analyzed, and it was discovered that virtuosity comes to the forefront as a mandatory quality of fantasy, which was associated with the emergence of virtuosos of composers and performers Napoleon Costa and Francisco Tarrega. Thanks to them, the guitar falls a focus of attention of famous virtuosos who study its chamber and orchestral capabilities. Fantasies for the guitar are improved in form and thematism, using as exclusively original thematism, and borrowed. In the era of romanticism, fantasies on a borrowed topic get the most development, a prerequisite for which was the growth of a virtuoso style of performance, which undoubtedly led to revolutionary achievements in the field of expressive means. One of the main features of guitar fantasies on a borrowed topic was the superiority not of composing, but of performing means of expression: agogics, dynamics, intonation and others. Fantasies for the guitar are extremely virtuosic and require considerable performing skills. However, virtuoso techniques are only of a subordinate nature, and borrowed themes become only an impulse for creating a new artistic integrity. From the point of view of the actual musical structure, such works are characterized by a combination of the form of fantasy with the variational principle of material development.


Author(s):  
Alyona I. Pershina ◽  
Elena N. Ertner

The subject of this article is the literary landscape of Western Siberia, which was represented in “Essays from life in Siberia” (1895) by Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Lukhmanova. The relevance of this research is determined by the increased importance of studying “local” texts of Russian culture, including the need for a more detailed study of the phenomenon of Siberia. The mythopoetics of landscape in N. Lukhmanova’s “Essays” is considered in the context of prose of the turn of the 19th-20th centuries (G. Uspensky, K. Nosilov). The literary context of the study of “Siberian” texts for the first time includes the stories by S. I. Kartsevsky. The geographical imagery of Western Siberia is reconstructed in the texts under consideration from the point of view of philological analysis, which allows determining the features of representation of the Place in the creative thinking of a particular writer and identifying the individual author’s view of the depicted locus. “Essays from life in Siberia” by N. Lukhmanova reflect different points of view on the landscape of the Siberian city. Geographical remoteness, climatic conditions, and the closed way of life of old believers form the image of a fortress city, “the country behind the Stone”. The reflected provincial way of life of the city is destroyed on the pages of “Essays” with the arrival of merchant children who were educated in the capital, the growth of industry, the laying of the railway. Siberia in the minds of newcomers appears “a remote, lost place”, while in the perception of Siberians it is the “native land”, “Paradise”. N. Lukhmanova’s “Essays” reflect the “double mythologem” of Western Siberia: it is “alien”, closed space and at the same time “one’s own”, “reserved”, and “secret”.


Author(s):  
T. Ivanyukha

<div><p><em>The article deals with the latest phenomenon of advocacy journalism. Given the insufficient research in journalistic scientific discourse, the lack of the term definition, the uncertainty of the features and conditions of successful functioning, the topic is relevant. As a result of considering the works of international and Ukrainian journalistic experts, analyzing the media activity of international journalists, a systematized concept of journalism as advocacy is formulated. Methods, functions, topics, principles of interaction with the character and genre parameters of advocacy media activity are considered as defining characteristics.</em></p></div><p><em>The article defines such methods of advocacy journalist work as actualization of problems, provision of information, investigation, expression of alternative point of view on problems, «human stories», forecasting. It was found that the topics covers the most pressing problems, including poverty, inequality, corruption, fertility, urbanization, and religiosity.</em></p><p><em>As functional characteristics are considered the depiction of burning aspects of daily life, the development of civic qualities of the individual, the defense of human rights, the formation of effective-positive affirmations, the resolution of practical tasks and problematic situations.</em></p><p><em>The considered examples of human rights advocacy media texts of international production allow to claim that advocacy journalism of the beginning of the ХХІ century is a multivector, polythematic, multifunctional meta-genre. Due to their broad problem-thematic coverage, humanistic pathos, human rights defenders-journalists today do not simply state facts and inform the national or global public about incurable social diseases, but comprehensively consider their etiology and current state, stimulate legislative, institutional and community activities on settling the acute issues of humankind, mobilize society to find ways to solve them.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> advocacy journalism, mass media, meta-genre, journalism as human rights defense, the latest media practices.</em></p>


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